Fan Studies and Fandoms

Humanities and social sciences

Fans, fandoms, fan cultures, and fan activities

Audience studies and cultural studies

The study of fan culture and community across a range of fandom types

Both Western sources like Star Trek, Doctor Who, and non-western sources like anime, J-Pop

Theodor Adorno = Prominent figure in the development of the perspective that media culture is centered on the manipulation of society Popular culture = Has a symbiotic relationship with mass media, as each depends on the other in an intimate collaboration Corporate media = Used primarily to represent and reproduce dominant ideologies, particularly associated with media culture News media = Mines the work of scientists and scholars and conveys it to the general public, often emphasizing elements that have inherent appeal or the power to amaze

Media culture = Refers to the overall impact and intellectual guidance exerted by mass media on public opinion, tastes, and values Mass culture = Conveys the idea that culture emerges spontaneously from the masses themselves under the influence of mass media Image culture = An alternative term for media culture, emphasizing that culture is the product of mass media and centered on the manipulation of society Consumer culture = Associated with media culture, particularly with consumerism, and often referred to as an alternative term for it

TV, press, radio, and cinema = Exert overall impact and intellectual guidance on public opinion, tastes, and values Advertising and public relations = Declinations of media culture often considered as a system centered on the manipulation of society Masses themselves = Alternative term for mass culture, emphasizing spontaneous emergence of culture from the masses under the influence of mass media Scientists and scholars = Source of information for news media which conveys it to the general public under the influence of mass media

Western capitalist society = Refers to the current society that emerged and developed from the 20th century under the influence of mass media Popular art = Emerged spontaneously from the masses themselves before the 20th century, similar to the idea conveyed by mass culture Media culture = Product of mass media, associated with consumerism, often called alternatively as 'consumer culture' Masses themselves = Alternative term for popular art's emergence before the 20th century, similar to the idea conveyed by mass culture

Media culture = Refers to the current Western capitalist society that emerged and developed from the 20th century under the influence of mass media Mass culture = Conveys the idea that such culture emerges spontaneously from the masses themselves under the influence of mass media Image culture = An alternative term for media culture, emphasizing that such culture is the product of mass media Consumerism = Associated with media culture, often referred to as an alternative term for it