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Questions and Answers
A nuclear family consists of two parents and unmarried children living together.
A nuclear family consists of two parents and unmarried children living together.
True
A blended family includes a couple without children.
A blended family includes a couple without children.
False
The Asch Experiment demonstrated that most participants would conform to the incorrect answer due to social pressure.
The Asch Experiment demonstrated that most participants would conform to the incorrect answer due to social pressure.
True
A common-law family consists of two married partners with children.
A common-law family consists of two married partners with children.
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In the Stanford Prison Experiment, participants were assigned roles as either guards or prisoners.
In the Stanford Prison Experiment, participants were assigned roles as either guards or prisoners.
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Prejudice is a justified judgment based on comprehensive understanding of a group.
Prejudice is a justified judgment based on comprehensive understanding of a group.
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Stereotypes provide a nuanced view of individual differences within a group.
Stereotypes provide a nuanced view of individual differences within a group.
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Systemic discrimination is often supported by nationwide legislation and policies.
Systemic discrimination is often supported by nationwide legislation and policies.
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Personal discrimination is easier to regulate compared to systemic discrimination.
Personal discrimination is easier to regulate compared to systemic discrimination.
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Ageism refers to discrimination based on a person's gender.
Ageism refers to discrimination based on a person's gender.
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The Social Learning Theory suggests that prejudice can be acquired through observational learning.
The Social Learning Theory suggests that prejudice can be acquired through observational learning.
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Deviance is defined as any behavior that conforms to societal norms.
Deviance is defined as any behavior that conforms to societal norms.
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Multiculturalism promotes the existence and support of various cultural groups in society.
Multiculturalism promotes the existence and support of various cultural groups in society.
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Collective behaviour is always predictable and rational.
Collective behaviour is always predictable and rational.
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A riot is a disorganized crowd that has a specific purpose or goal.
A riot is a disorganized crowd that has a specific purpose or goal.
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The family is considered the primary agent of socialization.
The family is considered the primary agent of socialization.
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An expressive crowd is defined as one that gathers for a specific event without any emotional involvement.
An expressive crowd is defined as one that gathers for a specific event without any emotional involvement.
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Gangs are considered organized social structures that exhibit criminal behaviour.
Gangs are considered organized social structures that exhibit criminal behaviour.
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Collective behaviour includes actions and patterns that occur in isolated individuals.
Collective behaviour includes actions and patterns that occur in isolated individuals.
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The conventional crowd is formed for casual social interactions.
The conventional crowd is formed for casual social interactions.
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A mob is characterized by a highly emotional state with a violent purpose.
A mob is characterized by a highly emotional state with a violent purpose.
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Children raised in a deviant household are likely to display deviant behavior themselves.
Children raised in a deviant household are likely to display deviant behavior themselves.
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Genie, the wild child, was found living in a social environment with other children.
Genie, the wild child, was found living in a social environment with other children.
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Feral children are those who are raised by animals.
Feral children are those who are raised by animals.
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Structural Functionalism asserts that all aspects of society serve no purpose.
Structural Functionalism asserts that all aspects of society serve no purpose.
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Socialization refers only to the learning process that occurs during childhood.
Socialization refers only to the learning process that occurs during childhood.
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Feminist sociology primarily investigates the roles and inequalities faced by women in society.
Feminist sociology primarily investigates the roles and inequalities faced by women in society.
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Social psychology focuses solely on the study of groups rather than individuals.
Social psychology focuses solely on the study of groups rather than individuals.
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Genie's inability to speak languages was due to her being exposed to social interaction from a young age.
Genie's inability to speak languages was due to her being exposed to social interaction from a young age.
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Peer pressure becomes less influential during Years 4-5 than during Years 2-3.
Peer pressure becomes less influential during Years 4-5 than during Years 2-3.
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The formal curriculum includes social norms and values that help students succeed in life.
The formal curriculum includes social norms and values that help students succeed in life.
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Sociology studies the relationships between individuals and their social structures.
Sociology studies the relationships between individuals and their social structures.
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In Milgram's Experiment, less than 50% of participants administered the maximum shock of 450 volts.
In Milgram's Experiment, less than 50% of participants administered the maximum shock of 450 volts.
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Socialization only involves learning basic life necessities like hygiene and eating manners.
Socialization only involves learning basic life necessities like hygiene and eating manners.
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Structural functionalism suggests that social structures serve specific functions that contribute to societal stability.
Structural functionalism suggests that social structures serve specific functions that contribute to societal stability.
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The agentic state theory suggests that individuals feel personal responsibility for their actions when obeying authority.
The agentic state theory suggests that individuals feel personal responsibility for their actions when obeying authority.
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The Stanford Prison Experiment demonstrated that wrongful behaviors can emerge from assigned roles rather than inherent personality traits.
The Stanford Prison Experiment demonstrated that wrongful behaviors can emerge from assigned roles rather than inherent personality traits.
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Conflict theory emphasizes that social reform can occur due to equality among different societal classes.
Conflict theory emphasizes that social reform can occur due to equality among different societal classes.
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In the Robber's Cave experiment, the boys developed a friendly relationship before meeting the other group.
In the Robber's Cave experiment, the boys developed a friendly relationship before meeting the other group.
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Symbolic interactionism focuses on how social interactions give meaning to symbols in society.
Symbolic interactionism focuses on how social interactions give meaning to symbols in society.
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Cliques only form around shared interests in music and leisure activities.
Cliques only form around shared interests in music and leisure activities.
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The hidden curriculum primarily includes factual knowledge that students are required to learn.
The hidden curriculum primarily includes factual knowledge that students are required to learn.
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Cliques provide a supportive environment for young people to develop their self-concept.
Cliques provide a supportive environment for young people to develop their self-concept.
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In the Stanford Prison Experiment, the guards displayed behavior consistent with their instructed roles.
In the Stanford Prison Experiment, the guards displayed behavior consistent with their instructed roles.
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Superordinate goals can increase conflict between two distinct groups.
Superordinate goals can increase conflict between two distinct groups.
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Study Notes
Family Types
- Families provide friendships and fulfill psychological and social needs.
- Nuclear family: Two parents and their unmarried children living together.
- Extended family: Relatives beyond parents and children live together.
- Blended/reconstituted family: Parents with children from past relationships.
- Childless family: A couple without children.
- Single-parent family: One parent raising one or more children.
- Common-law family: Unmarried couple living together, with or without children.
Group Behaviour Experiments
- Asch Experiment (Asch Paradigm): Participants were misled about a visual test to gauge conformity, to see how easily people conform to the opinion of others. The results showed a high rate of conformity.
- Milgram's Experiment: Participants (teachers) shocked students (actors) when they gave incorrect answers. More than 60% administered the highest shock, demonstrating obedience to authority.
- Stanford Prison Experiment (Zimbardo): Students played the roles of guards and prisoners in a mock prison. The experiment highlighted how roles influence behavior and the potential for abuse with power. Participants' behavior quickly became aggressive.
- Robber's Cave Experiment (Sherif): Two groups of boys at a summer camp developed hostility toward each other. A shared goal (superordinate goal) reduced conflict between the two groups (societies).
Cliques
- Cliques are exclusive groups with shared attitudes, preferences, and interests.
- Cliques fulfill needs for friendship and social interaction.
- Cliques support members, and allow members to explore common interests.
Collective Behaviour
- Collective behavior refers to how people act in crowds or social movements, or across a culture.
- Collective behavior can be unpredictable, localized or dispersed.
- Examples of unpredictable collective behaviour include violent demonstrations and irrational actions.
Crowds
- Crowds are temporary groupings of people in particular areas who share a purpose.
- Casual Crowd: Loosely connected individuals like those waiting in line.
- Conventional Crowd: Individuals with a shared purpose, such as a wedding.
- Expressive Crowd: Individuals expressing strong feelings like a concert.
- Acting Crowd: Individuals determined to do something, like a protest or riot.
Mob, Riots, and Cults
- Mob: A highly emotional, violent crowd pursuing a destructive purpose.
- Riot: A disorganized, unruly crowd lacking a specific goal.
- Cult: A group with shared beliefs and practices led by a charismatic leader. Sometimes seen as harmful
Socialization
- Socialization is the lifelong process of learning social norms, values, and behaviors, to function in society.
- Factors include family, peers, education, media and culture.
Agents of Socialization
- Primary: Family.
- Secondary: Friends, peers, education, media, and culture. These groups are influential at different stages of life.
Hidden vs Formal Curriculum
- Hidden curriculum refers to the learned norms, rules, and values from informal experiences at school.
- Formal curriculum refers to official content subjects formally taught in education settings.
Sociology
- Sociology is the scientific study of interactions between people and groups, examining the social structures in society.
Social Movements
- Social movements are collective efforts seeking to bring about social change.
- Different theories explain their emergence and characteristics.
Personality Theories
- Piaget's Cognitive Development Stages: Describes stages of intellectual development from childhood to adulthood..
- Cooley's Looking-glass self: Outlines how self-concept develops as an interpretation of how others see us.
- Mead's Role Taking Theory: Examines how individuals internalise social roles and develop their sense of self.
- Erikson's Lifelong Development: Describes developmental stages throughout life.
Prejudice and Discrimination
- Prejudice: Preconceived judgments about a group, based on unfounded beliefs.
- Discrimination: Treating a person or group differently based on prejudiced beliefs and stereotypes.
- Examples of these types of prejudice and discrimination include racism, sexism, ageism or genocide.
Deviance
- Deviance refers to behavior that violates social norms.
- Causes include biological, psychological, and social factors, like learning from others or conflict over goals.
- Types include formal and informal deviance (violations of laws or social norms).
- Social control involves efforts to regulate deviance in society, like laws and punishments.
Strain Theory and Differential Association Theory
- Strain Theory explains deviance as a result of strain or tension between socially accepted goals and the means to achieve them.
- Differential Association Theory proposes that deviance is learned through interactions with others who engage in deviant behaviour.
Genie the Wild Child
- Extreme example of isolation and stunted social development.
- Unable to develop language or social skills due to extreme isolation in early childhood.
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Description
This quiz explores various family types including nuclear, extended, blended, and single-parent families. Additionally, it covers significant group behaviour experiments like the Asch Paradigm and Milgram's Experiment, shedding light on conformity and obedience in social settings.
