Fall Risk and Physical Activity Relationship

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What type of association did the systematic review find between BMI and the risk of falls?

U-shaped association (correct)

Positive association

Negative association

No association

Which tool can be used for malnutrition assessment in older adults?

Body Mass Index (BMI)

Osteoporosis Risk Assessment

Fracture Risk Assessment Tool (FRAX)

Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) (correct)

What is a causal factor of pathological aging process and higher mortality according to the text?

Obesity

Undernutrition (correct)

Osteoporosis

Sarcopenia

What is recommended for management of older adults at low fall risk according to the text?

Health promotion messaging on physical activity and nutrition Signup and view all the answers

What should fracture liaison services do in addition to identifying people with recent fractures?

Conduct falls risk assessments Signup and view all the answers

What is recommended for individuals aged 60 years and over with increased risk of fractures according to the text?

Regular falls risk assessments Signup and view all the answers

What should a falls prevention care plan for older adults with cognitive impairment incorporate?

Both the older adult's and their caregiver's perspectives Signup and view all the answers

What should be offered to community-dwelling older adults identified to be at high risk of falling?

Multidomain interventions informed by a multifactorial falls risk assessment Signup and view all the answers

Which factors should a falls prevention plan address when developing a feasible plan for older adults?

Priorities, beliefs, and resources of the older person and caregivers Signup and view all the answers

What should an older adult be informed of to enable them to make an informed choice about participation in falls prevention therapy?

Both benefits and burdens Signup and view all the answers

What should a multidomain intervention in older community-dwelling adults include at a minimum?

Two or more components based on findings from a multifactorial falls risk assessment Signup and view all the answers

What is recommended when creating falls prevention care plans for older adults with cognitive impairment?

Include both the older adults' and their caregivers' perspectives Signup and view all the answers

What is the most prevalent condition resulting in pain in older adults?

Arthritis Signup and view all the answers

Why is a comprehensive pain assessment needed for older adults?

To manage chronic conditions Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of community dwelling older adults report pain?

Over 60% Signup and view all the answers

What type of pain assessment should be used for older adults?

Pain rating scale designed for older adults Signup and view all the answers

Why are environmental factors important in many falls?

They play a role in many falls Signup and view all the answers

Which chronic condition is NOT mentioned as resulting in pain in older adults?

Osteoporosis Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended amount of intermediate-intensity physical activity for older adults per week?

150–300 minutes Signup and view all the answers

Why is general physical activity alone (e.g. walking) unlikely to prevent falls?

It does not challenge balance or include resistance training Signup and view all the answers

What approach may help in increasing uptake and adherence to exercise interventions and habitual physical activity?

Supervised group activity Signup and view all the answers

What type of exercises are effective for fall prevention?

Individualized exercises targeting balance and strength Signup and view all the answers

What can be expected to decrease fall risk indirectly according to the text?

Promotion of healthy lifestyle Signup and view all the answers

What is the focus of fall prevention exercise according to the text?

Maintaining balance during functional tasks needed for daily life Signup and view all the answers

What are the three crucial elements that need to be considered in the assessment of environmental fall hazards?

Exposure to environmental hazards, risk-taking behavior, and physical capacity Signup and view all the answers

Which assessment tool is recommended for hazards in the context of home fall hazards and fall risk assessment?

The Westmead Home Safety Assessment Signup and view all the answers

Why is screening for depression as a risk factor for falls recommended in older individuals in LMIC?

Because untreated depression and antidepressant use contribute to fall risk Signup and view all the answers

What is an important part of the multifactorial falls risk assessment and should be included in the nutritional assessment?

Serum 25 OH vitamin D levels Signup and view all the answers

Why should strategies to raise awareness and reduce stigma of depression and mental illness be implemented in LMIC?

Because excessive concern about falling contributes to increased fall risk in depressed older adults Signup and view all the answers

What did a meta-analysis show regarding untreated depression and fall risk?

It showed a 37% increased risk of fall Signup and view all the answers

What type of literature was used to derive the recommended components?

Systematic reviews and network meta-analyses Signup and view all the answers

Which interventions have been shown to reduce falls in efficacy trials?

Exercise and multifactorial strategies Signup and view all the answers

What do the findings of the pragmatic RCTs suggest about the application of exercise and multifactorial strategies?

They cannot easily be applied with sufficient fidelity through current existing services Signup and view all the answers

What do the pragmatic RCTs emphasize the importance of?

Provision of sufficient resources to support high-quality sustainable delivery of fall prevention programmes Signup and view all the answers

What was the impact of the results of the pragmatic trials on network meta-analysis results and recommendations?

The results did not substantively alter network meta-analysis results or recommendations Signup and view all the answers

What is suggested as a challenge in applying exercise and multifactorial strategies according to the text?

Insufficient fidelity through current existing services Signup and view all the answers

Based on the text, what is highlighted as crucial for achieving equivalent benefits from fall prevention programmes?

Sufficient resources for high-quality sustainable delivery Signup and view all the answers

What did the pragmatic RCTs' outcomes suggest about the application of previously successful efficacy trials?

Importance of high-quality sustainable delivery of fall prevention programmes Signup and view all the answers

What is indicated by the disappointing results of the pragmatic trials according to the text?

No substantive alteration to network meta-analysis results or recommendations Signup and view all the answers

What type of programs require sufficient resources for high-quality sustainable delivery, according to the text?

Fall prevention programs Signup and view all the answers