Factors Influencing Physical Activity Participation
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Questions and Answers

In the U.S., based on the 2016-2017 data, which age group shows the highest percentage of adults meeting the combined aerobic and muscle-strengthening physical activity guidelines in urban areas?

  • 35-44
  • 18-24 (correct)
  • 45-64
  • 25-34

According to the provided graph, what is the approximate percentage of rural adults aged 45-64 who met the combined physical activity guidelines in 2016-2017?

  • Around 15% (correct)
  • Around 10%
  • Around 20%
  • Around 25%

What is the primary requirement for a bodily movement to be classified as physical activity?

  • It must result in a substantial increase in caloric requirements. (correct)
  • It needs to be an intentional exercise.
  • It must be performed regularly.
  • It must be a voluntary movement.

Compared to the urban population, how does the percentage of rural adults meeting physical activity guidelines typically differ across all age groups shown in the graph for 2016-2017?

<p>Rural percentages are consistently lower than urban percentages (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT presented as a classification of physical activity?

<p>Adaptive Activity (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the definition of physical activity given, what process precedes increased caloric use?

<p>Skeletal muscle contraction. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the original source for the data on physical activity discussed in the U.S. urban and rural graph?

<p>CDC (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the stated reason why childhood activity is considered so important?

<p>It reduces the chances of developing chronic disease. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What critical characteristic defines physical activity rather than just bodily movement?

<p>The movement significantly increases energy expenditure. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of these is considered a subcategory of Leisure Time Activity?

<p>Gardening (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of the JAMA article referenced?

<p>The patterns of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity from ages 9 to 15 years. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Based on the lecture notes, what key demographic and socioeconomic factors are considered to potentially affect an individual's physical activity participation?

<p>Age, gender, education, and socioeconomic status (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Based on the provided documents, which of the following is NOT explicitly discussed as a factor related to physical activity?

<p>The specific types of chronic diseases caused by a lack of PA (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the cardiovascular system during physical activity?

<p>To transport materials needed for energy production (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the material provided, what is a consequence of low levels of physical activity?

<p>Decreased function, disease and death (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What structural feature of the human body is highlighted as conducive to movement?

<p>The bones, joints and muscles (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the provided data, which statement best describes the trend in physical activity guideline adherence for men in the U.S. between 2008 and 2017?

<p>The adherence rate remained fairly consistent with only minor fluctuations. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key physiological process that occurs as a direct result of muscular contraction?

<p>Several physiological responses in order to provide the energy required (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Based on the data, what was the approximate percentage of women meeting the combined physical activity guidelines in the U.S. in 2012?

<p>Around 19% (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements accurately describes the difference in adherence to physical activity guidelines between men and women in 2017?

<p>Women had a slightly lower adherence rate than men. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of physical work for early humans, that enabled them to survive?

<p>It was needed in order for them to survive and avoid danger (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the connection between neural signals and muscle contraction?

<p>Neural signals travel as electrical impulses that stimulate muscle contraction (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'combined aerobic and muscle-strengthening physical activity guidelines' refer to, as implied by the data?

<p>Meeting separate guidelines for both aerobic and muscle-strengthening activities. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the provided graph, what was the highest recorded percentage of adults (both men and women), meeting guidelines, at any time-point?

<p>Approximately 24% (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Based on the information provided, what is the likely cause of the significant decrease in daily energy expenditure in westernized countries over the past 50 years?

<p>A decrease in overall levels of daily physical activity (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between the human body's anatomical design and physical activity?

<p>The human body's structure is 'made for movement' (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the lowest percentage of women meeting the guidelines of the time-points shown on the graph?

<p>Approximately 16% (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Based on the graphs provided, how does the adherence rate of women to physical activity guidelines compared to men over the period of the graph?

<p>Men and women had similar rates, with men slightly higher in some years. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of the visual data presented about physical activity guidelines?

<p>To demonstrate trends over time in adherence to physical activity guidelines by gender. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of adults with a college degree met physical activity guidelines in 2012?

<p>31.2% (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which educational group showed the smallest increase in the percentage of adults meeting physical activity guidelines between 2008 and 2017?

<p>Less than high school (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In 2008, what was the approximate difference in percentage of adults meeting physical activity guidelines between those with 'Some college' and those with 'Less than high school'?

<p>6.0 percentage points (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In 2017, what percentage of adults with a high school education met the physical activity guidelines?

<p>19.9% (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which educational group had the highest percentage of adults meeting physical activity guidelines across all three years shown?

<p>College graduate (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Based on the chart provided, in 2012, how many education levels had less than 25% of the population meeting the physical activity guidelines?

<p>3 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement accurately describes the trends shown in the graph?

<p>All educational groups showed an increase in the percentage of adults meeting physical activity guidelines between 2008 and 2017. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In 2008, what was the approximate total percentage of adults from all educational groups (Less than high school, High school, Some college, College graduate) that met physical activity guidelines?

<p>60.1% (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Factors Influencing PA Participation

Physical activity participation is influenced by factors like age, gender, education level, and socioeconomic status.

PA Participation by Age

The chart shows the percentage of American adults meeting physical activity guidelines based on age. The percentage meeting the guidelines varies significantly by age, with the 25-34 age group showing higher rates, but dropping considerably among those ≥65.

Urban vs. Rural PA

Urban adults in the U.S. consistently exhibit higher rates of physical activity compared to their rural counterparts.

Importance of Childhood Activity

Childhood physical activity significantly contributes to a healthy adult life due to its impact on future activity habits and long-term health.

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Childhood Activity & Chronic Disease

Childhood physical activity reduces the risk of developing chronic diseases like heart disease, diabetes, and some cancers.

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Childhood Activity & Disease Management

Childhood physical activity can play a therapeutic role in managing existing chronic diseases.

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Activity in Youth & Adulthood

Research suggests there is a link between children's participation in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity and their likelihood of maintaining an active lifestyle later in life, although this link is not fully established.

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Benefits of Physical Activity

Regular physical activity can promote overall health improvements by lowering the risk of chronic diseases, improving cardiovascular health, and enhancing mental well-being.

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Activity and Disease Risk

Physical activity can influence the likelihood of developing chronic diseases later in life.

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US Physical Activity Trends (2008-2017)

The percentage of US adults meeting physical activity guidelines has been relatively stable between 2008 and 2017.

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Gender Differences in Physical Activity (2008-2017)

The percentage of men meeting physical activity guidelines is slightly higher than the percentage of women.

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Physical Activity Trend by Gender (2008-2017)

The percentage of US adults meeting physical activity guidelines increased slightly from 2008 to 2017, both for men and women.

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Physical Activity and Chronic Disease

Physical activity can help prevent chronic diseases.

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Importance of Physical Activity

The data shows that physical activity is important for overall health and well-being.

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Education and Physical Activity

The percentage of adults meeting physical activity guidelines in the US varies depending on education levels.

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Physical Activity and Public Health

The data shows that physical activity is crucial for a healthy lifestyle, and it is important to understand how factors like education levels and gender influence activity participation.

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What is physical activity?

Any bodily movement produced by skeletal muscle contraction that results in a substantial increase in caloric requirements above resting energy expenditure (REE). This increase needs to be significant enough to elicit adaptations and health benefits.

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How is physical activity classified?

Physical activity is categorized based on how and why it's performed. This includes lifestyle activities like walking, occupational activity like work-related movements, and leisure-time activities like sports or hobbies.

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What is REE?

Resting energy expenditure (REE) represents the minimum amount of energy required to maintain basic bodily functions at rest.

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What factors influence physical activity participation?

Physical activity participation levels are affected by various factors, including age, gender, education, socioeconomic status, access to facilities, and societal attitudes towards physical activity.

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Why is promoting childhood physical activity important?

Promoting physical activity during childhood is crucial for establishing healthy habits, reducing chronic disease risks, and fostering a lifelong love of movement. Early exposure to physical activity helps set the foundation for better health outcomes later in life.

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Physical Activity and Education

The percentage of adults who meet physical activity guidelines is highest among those with a college degree and lowest among those with less than a high school education.

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Education & Activity: Trend

People with higher levels of education are more likely to meet the physical activity guidelines. This trend is consistent across the years 2008, 2012, and 2017.

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2017 Gap

In 2017, about 16% of adults with less than a high school education met the guidelines, while over 33% of college graduates did.

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Consistent Gap

The gap between education levels in meeting physical activity goals has remained fairly consistent over time. In 2008, the gap was about 15%, and in 2017 it was still around 17%.

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Overall Trend

The trend shows that the percentage of adults meeting physical activity guidelines generally increased between 2008 and 2017 across all education levels.

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Some College Middle Ground

Adults with some college education consistently fall between those with a high school diploma and a college degree, in terms of meeting physical activity guidelines.

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Physical Activity Guidelines

The physical activity guidelines are meant to promote good health. They recommend at least 150 minutes of moderate-intensity aerobic activity or 75 minutes of vigorous-intensity aerobic activity per week.

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Education & Activity: Conclusion

Education level plays a significant role in meeting physical activity guidelines. Higher education levels are associated with higher rates of meeting those guidelines.

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Energy Expenditure in Westernized Countries

The average amount of energy used by someone in the West has gone down by as much as 800 calories per day in the past 50 years.

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Humans are Engineered for Physical Activity

Human bodies are designed for physical activity. Our joints, muscles and skeletons are made to move. Our bodies can adapt to different levels of physical activity and are meant to.

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How Muscles Contract

The way our brains and nerves communicate for our muscles to contract needs energy. That energy is provided by our body's internal processes.

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Physiological Responses to Activity

To fuel muscle contraction, our bodies need to transport fuels and oxygen. The circulatory system, breathing and other body systems work together to create the right conditions for activity.

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Why Physical Activity is Necessary

Physical activity changes the body's ability to function. It makes us healthier and improves our quality of life.

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Physiological Responses to PA

A range of physiological changes occur during physical activity including increased heart rate, breathing rate, and blood flow.

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What Defines Physical Activity?

Physical activity involves any bodily movement that uses energy above what is needed for resting. This can include activities like walking, running, swimming, dancing, etc.

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The Importance of Physical Activity

For a healthier life, physical activity is vital. It helps prevent disease and helps your body function well.

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Study Notes

Factors Affecting Physical Activity Participation

  • Participation in physical activity (PA) is influenced by various factors like age, gender, education, and socioeconomic status.
  • Percentage of adults meeting PA guidelines in the U.S. (2016-2017) varies by age group. Urban and rural adults tend to show similar levels of meeting guidelines across these age groups.
  • The trend shows a decrease in PA guidelines adherence with increasing age.

Importance of Childhood Physical Activity

  • Childhood physical activity (PA) significantly impacts future health outcomes.
  • Research suggests PA during childhood can reduce the development of future chronic diseases, aid in treatments of chronic illnesses, and influence future activity, and mortality in adulthood.

Gender Differences in Physical Activity

  • Percentage of adults meeting PA guidelines in the U.S. (2008-2017) differed for men and women.
  • Women's participation levels were consistently lower than men's across the studied period.

Education and Physical Activity

  • Education level impacts PA participation rates.
  • Adults with higher levels of education tended to meet PA guidelines more often than those with less education (2008-2017).

Socioeconomic Status and Physical Activity

  • Socioeconomic status is another key factor.
  • Participation rates seem to be tied to higher Socioeconomic status, with potential implications.

Classification of Physical Activity

  • Classifications of PA include exercise, leisure-time activity, occupational activity, and lifestyle activity.
  • Energy expenditure during various activities differs significantly, with rest and exercise having the most distinct differences.
  • Physical activity involves skeletal muscle contraction resulting in an increase in caloric expenditure beyond the resting metabolic rate (REE).

Humans Engineered for Physical Activity

  • The human body is designed for movement (e.g., skeletal structure, joints, muscles).
  • Low levels of physical activity correlate with a decline in bodily function.

Physical Activity and Movement

  • Moving the body triggers neural signals that stimulate muscular contraction, requiring energy.
  • Cardiovascular functions support this energy provision.
  • Multiple physiological responses occur during movement.

Study Guide Questions

  • Factors affecting physical activity participation and their impact
  • Importance of promoting childhood physical activity
  • Understanding the evidence of humans being naturally designed for physical activity.

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Description

This quiz explores the various factors affecting physical activity participation, including age, gender, education, and socioeconomic status. It highlights the importance of childhood physical activity in shaping future health outcomes and examines gender differences in adherence to physical activity guidelines. Test your knowledge on these key aspects!

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