Factors Influencing Addictions
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Which racial/ethnic group in the USA has the highest prevalence of alcohol use disorders (AUDs)?

  • Native Americans (correct)
  • Non-Hispanic whites
  • American Indians/Alaskan Natives
  • Native Hawaiians/Pacific Islanders

    • Men have higher rates of substance use disorders (SUDs) across all racial/ethnic categories.

    True

    What term is used to describe the movement of a drug from the site of administration to blood circulation?

    absorption

    In many cultures, social roles for women conflict with ______ consumption.

    <p>alcohol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following social categories with their corresponding definitions:

    <p>Race = An individual’s physical characteristics Ethnicity = Cultural factors such as language Gender = A social construct based on societal roles Gender Roles = Ideal behaviors for a specific biological sex</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a significant reason individuals with disabilities may use substances?

    <p>To cope with pain, isolation &amp; stigma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Heavy drinking is a leading cause of disabilities in younger adults.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor contributes to women having a higher blood alcohol content compared to men after similar levels of alcohol consumption?

    <p>Lower water content in the body</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Name two psychological disorders that often co-occur with heavy substance use.

    <p>Depression and anxiety</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The NIMHD research framework emphasizes that __________ interacts with biological dispositions, influencing vulnerability to addictive behaviors.

    <p>environments</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Psychological distress has a greater influence on heavy alcohol use in men than in women.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following terms with their definitions:

    <p>Substance Use Disorder = A condition characterized by an individual's inability to stop using substances despite harmful consequences Korsakoff’s syndrome = A chronic neurocognitive disorder caused by alcohol misuse Biological determinants = Genetic and biological factors influencing vulnerability to addiction Social determinants = Characteristics of social environments impacting health risks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason women are less likely to use treatment services for alcohol abuse?

    <p>Lack of affordable childcare</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about chronic pain is true?

    <p>Chronic pain can lead to heavy substance use.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Alcohol consumption during pregnancy increases the risk of __________.

    <p>Fetal Alcohol Syndrome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the sex differences with their descriptions:

    <p>Engaging in heavy use = Influenced by psychological distress for women Reasons for relapse = More often related to negative emotions for women Treatment barriers = Greater stigma towards women who abuse substances Alcohol content difference = Lower water content leading to higher blood alcohol content in women</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'intersectionality' refer to in the context of social categories?

    <p>The concept that individuals belong to multiple social groups that affect their risk for substance use.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Moderate drinking can improve pre-existing health conditions.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about gender differences in alcohol use is true?

    <p>Women are more likely to face stigma regarding substance abuse.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Heavier alcohol use is not associated with increased rates of intimate partner violence.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does body size affect drug absorption in individuals?

    <p>Larger individuals have more fluid volume, diluting the drug and reducing its concentration at target sites.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) define as a disability?

    <p>An impairment that substantially limits an individual’s daily function</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Low-income communities have less access to retail alcohol outlets than high-income communities.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are two consequences of the societal structure in low-income communities regarding substance use?

    <p>Increased availability of substances and lack of resources to resist drug distribution.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The highest prevalence rates of substance use and substance use disorders (SUD) are found in ______ countries.

    <p>non-Muslim</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following elements in addressing substance use disparities:

    <p>Cultural awareness = Micro-level practice Policy advocacy = Macro-level practice Evidence-based screening = Patient care Family functioning strategies = Prevention methods</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role do national and local policies have in shaping substance use norms?

    <p>They facilitate norms that can either discourage or encourage substance use.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Practitioners are advised to screen all groups for substance use without considering their unique circumstances.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Name one strategy parents can employ to prevent substance use in their children.

    <p>Enhancing family functioning.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Socio-cultural factors, such as ______ norms, can protect against substance use and substance use disorders.

    <p>religious</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key aspect of integrated services for treating substance use disorders (SUDs)?

    <p>Providing treatment for both SUDs and co-occurring psychological disorders</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the four levels of influence that interact with the domains of influence as determinants of health?

    <p>Individual, Interpersonal, Community, Societal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Socio-cultural factors have no impact on individual behavior.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common coping strategy that individuals may use to deal with negative life experiences?

    <p>Substance use</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Acculturation is considered a risk factor for ______ use and related problems.

    <p>alcohol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following domains of influence with their definitions:

    <p>Biological = Genetic and physiological factors. Behavioral = Individual actions and habits. Sociocultural Environment = Social and cultural factors that influence behavior. Physical Environment = Surroundings and conditions in which people live.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which domain of influence includes access to and quality of health services?

    <p>Health Care System</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Heavy substance use can improve employment outcomes for individuals.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can be a risk factor for substance use in children of immigrants?

    <p>Family conflict due to different rates of acculturation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Interpersonal discrimination can lead to feelings of ______, resulting in substance use.

    <p>anger</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a challenge faced by immigrants with substance use disorders in seeking treatment?

    <p>Cultural barriers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following determinants of substance use with the corresponding domains:

    <p>Genetic Vulnerability = Biological Domain Coping Strategies = Behavioral Domain Cultural Identity = Socio-Cultural Environment Income &amp; Insurance Coverage = Health Care System</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Community social infrastructure can impact residents' overall social functioning.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does implicit bias affect access to health care for individuals?

    <p>It may lead to missed opportunities for treatment.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Living in ______ communities can serve as protection against substance use.

    <p>co-ethnic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Factors Influencing Addictions

    • Substance use outcomes are influenced by social, economic, and environmental factors, as well as biological and psychological characteristics.
    • Key social categories (race/ethnicity, gender, disability status) show disparities in substance use experiences, consequences, and treatment access.
    • In the USA, non-Hispanic whites have higher alcohol consumption rates. Native Americans have the highest prevalence of alcohol use disorders. Native Hawaiians and Pacific Islanders, and American Indians/Alaskan Natives have the highest rates of illicit drug use and dependence.
    • Gender roles in different cultures affect alcohol consumption rates. Men often have higher substance use and SUD rates across racial/ethnic groups. Women experience higher rates of alcohol-related problems, potentially due to social conditions and differences in alcohol metabolism.
    • Factors influencing absorption rate include route of administration (oral, intranasal, inhalation, injection), food in the stomach, drug concentration, body size, sex, and age. Women have a higher concentration of fat:water ratio and a lower water content vs men, which impacts where and how alcohol is distributed and absorbed.
    • Women often develop AUDs and other consequences quicker than men.
    • Women are more likely to be victims of alcohol-related harm from others.
    • Heavy alcohol use during pregnancy increases the risk for Fetal Alcohol Syndrome.
    • Women are less likely to seek out treatment due to social stigma, childcare issues, lack of affordable childcare, or lack of women-focused services.
    • Individuals experiencing disabilities might use substances due to pain, isolation, or stigma. While substance use is higher among those with disabilities, individuals without disabilities tend to engage in heavy drinking to a greater degree.

    Determinants of Substance Use and SUDs

    • Individual Determinants:
      • Genetic vulnerability plays a role in substance use and SUD development.
      • Coping mechanisms for negative life experiences (stigma, disability, etc.) can lead to heavy substance use.
      • Substance use can exacerbate existing problems related to employment and educational attainment.
    • Interpersonal Determinants:
      • Family functioning (parenting practices) and child-parent relationships influence adolescent substance use.
      • Discrimination (racial/ethnic, gender) or isolation can lead to increased substance use.
    • Community Determinants:
      • Community functioning (access to resources, social infrastructure) impacts substance use.
      • Lack of resources or stressful situations in communities can lead to substance use.
    • Societal Determinants:
      • Policies and laws surrounding substance use.
      • Cultural norms regarding substance use.
      • Health care system access and quality of care, which can affect treatment and overall health outcomes.
      • Income influences access to quality treatment due to income disparities, and geographic location impacts access (i.e., remoteness, availability).
      • Limited access to services in lower-income areas presents barriers for treatment access.

    NIMHD Research Framework

    • This is a multi-level, multi-domain model that considers both biological and social factors influencing health disparities related to substance use.
      • Biological determinants: genetic/biological predisposition, vulnerability to substance use.
      • Social determinants: characteristics of environments (risks, support, resources), influencing exposure to and access of services and resources.

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    Related Documents

    Factors Influencing Addictions Lecture Outline PDF

    Description

    Explore the various social, economic, and environmental factors that affect substance use outcomes and addiction rates. This quiz delves into disparities influenced by race, gender, and other personal characteristics, alongside the biological and psychological aspects of addiction. Test your knowledge on the complexities surrounding addiction and its societal implications.

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