Ethical Considerations in Research
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Questions and Answers

What is a primary concern when conducting research involving people?

  • Capturing numerical data accurately
  • Achieving a predetermined outcome
  • Maximizing the number of participants
  • Ensuring participants are treated with respect (correct)

    • What was the significance of Anna O.'s case in mental health treatment?

  • It contributed to the development of talk therapy (correct)
  • It underscored the importance of medication
  • It introduced the need for statistical analysis in research
  • It highlighted the effectiveness of physical therapy

    • Which of the following describes the main purpose of qualitative research?

  • To analyze large datasets for statistical significance
  • To gather in-depth insights into problems (correct)
  • To prove a specific hypothesis
  • To gather numerical data for comparison

    • In the context of qualitative research, what does IPA emphasize?

    <p>Getting close to the participant's personal experiences</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does ethical research primarily require from researchers?

    <p>Adherence to ethical guidelines</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When conducting a clinical trial, which aspect is crucial for its validity?

    <p>Ensuring participant well-being</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement is incorrect regarding the treatment of research participants?

    <p>Participants can be neglected if they withdraw.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is true regarding the reliability of research questions?

    <p>Validity and reliability are equally important.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Under which circumstance can informed consent be considered invalid?

    <p>When participants are compelled to participate due to financial need.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key ethical consideration when obtaining informed consent from vulnerable populations?

    <p>The ability of participants to understand the information provided.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of 'assent' in research involving children?

    <p>It indicates the child's willingness to participate.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What ethical principle is violated when participants are not fully informed about distressing images in a study?

    <p>Informed consent.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main ethical issue when a researcher does not intervene with a distressed participant during a study?

    <p>Violation of participant's emotional safety.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an important reason for transcribing interviews in qualitative research?

    <p>To maintain a permanent record of the conversations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential drawback of in-depth qualitative interviews?

    <p>They may introduce interviewer bias.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What ethical principle is involved when a researcher informs participants that they will not be allowed to sleep for 36 hours?

    <p>Beneficence.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Is a 30-year-old male with chronic heart failure eligible for follow-up visits in the study?

    <p>Yes, if he is willing to comply with the follow-up.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should participants be informed about in the Informed Consent Form regarding the study?

    <p>They should be given the option to withdraw at any time.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What constitutes fidelity in teaching according to the content?

    <p>Following a written curriculum strictly.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why should researchers avoid using technical terminologies in the Informed Consent Form?

    <p>Technical language can confuse participants.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common mistake made by researchers regarding participant awareness?

    <p>Not informing participants about audio or video recordings.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can a researcher better understand a subculture, such as skateboarding?

    <p>Engaging actively within the community.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of explaining the objective and purpose of the research to participants?

    <p>To foster transparency and trust.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about informed consent is incorrect?

    <p>Participants cannot ask questions during the process.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key aspect of the research method involving immersion in a social setting?

    <p>The researcher observes behaviors and interactions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement about informed consent is true regarding the use of recording devices?

    <p>Researchers must inform participants about the need for recording.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What ethical principle is violated when sensitive data is stored on a shared drive accessible by unauthorized persons?

    <p>Confidentiality</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What common mistake is related to maintaining proper records during research?

    <p>Not keeping copies of signed informed consent forms.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should researchers assure participants about when collecting sensitive information?

    <p>The information will be kept confidential.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential risk when researchers offer compensation significantly higher than typical for participation?

    <p>It could lead to coercion or undue influence.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement is important for ensuring the age-appropriateness of assent scripts in informed consent?

    <p>Ensuring clarity and suitability for the comprehension level.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should researchers do if participants refuse to give permission for certain aspects of the study?

    <p>Find alternative methods to collect data.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Ethical Considerations in Research

    • Ethics is the branch of philosophy dealing with moral problems related to research practices.
    • Researchers should refer to ethical guidelines to ensure they adhere to principles of good research practices.
    • Respect and trust are crucial when conducting research on individuals.
    • and with considerationAll participants should be treated equally for their perspectives.
    • Researchers should inform participants about the objective, purpose, and methods of the research.
    • Informed consent forms should be written in clear and understandable language, avoiding technical jargon.
    • It is crucial to explain the potential risks and discomforts of participation and ensure participants are aware of their right to withdraw from the study.
    • Researchers should obtain assent from children or individuals with limited cognitive ability to ensure they understand and agree to participate.
    • Signed consent forms should be kept securely along with any revised versions of study protocols.

    Data Security

    • Confidentiality of sensitive information collected from participants should be maintained.
    • Researchers have an ethical responsibility to protect personal data from unauthorized access.

    Ethical Practices in Research Design

    • Inclusion Criteria for clinical trials should ensure that only eligible participants are included. Participants who meet the criteria should be considered as eligible even if they are not the 'typical' candidate - example - A 30-year-old male with chronic heart failure, requiring valve or other cardiac surgery and who is willing to return for follow-up visits, is eligible for a clinical trial for a new treatment for individuals with chronic heart failure.
    • Researchers should avoid exploiting or pressuring individuals to participate in a study.

    Ethical Considerations in Research Methods

    • Observational research, such as observing teachers delivering lessons, should be conducted in a way that respects the privacy and autonomy of participants.
    • Ethnography is a research method where researchers immerse themselves in a particular social setting or group, observing their behaviors and practices. This requires ethical considerations about how to respect the privacy of participants while engaging with them in their natural environments.
    • Semi-structured interviews involve a combination of pre-determined questions and open-ended questions, allowing for flexibility.
    • Transcribing interviews in qualitative research helps to preserve the rich data collected from conversations.
    • Interviewer bias is a potential issue in qualitative research. Methods and analysis should aim to minimize its impact.
    • Qualitative interviews can provide in-depth insights into a phenomenon of interest, but can be time-consuming and difficult to generalize.
    • Data analysis in qualitative research often involves coding, categorization and thematic analysis to identify patterns and common themes.

    Ethical Issues

    • Confidentiality can be compromised if data is stored in an insecure location.
    • Coercion can occur if participants are offered excessive incentives to participate, leading to a feeling of pressure.
    • Informed consent is a fundamental principle in research ethics. is violated if participants are unaware of the true nature and risks of the research.
    • Distress caused by research methods, such as exposure to distressing images, should be minimized and participants should be fully informed of potential discomfort.
    • Failing to intervene when a participant is experiencing distress during a study constitutes a violation of ethical guidelines.

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    Description

    This quiz explores the ethical principles guiding research practices. It emphasizes the importance of informed consent and the ethical treatment of participants. Understanding these concepts is crucial for conducting responsible research.

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