Factors Affecting Drug Solubility

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What is the process of binding solvent to solute molecules called?

Hydration

Evaporation

Condensation

Solvation (correct)

Which ion has the largest heat of hydration?

Ca2+

Mg2+ (correct)

K+

Na+

What happens when ΔS is negative?

The disorder of the system is increased

The order of the system is decreased

The disorder of the system is decreased

The order of the system is increased (correct)

Which ion shows the most favorable interaction with water due to its greater charge density on the surface?

Ba2+ Signup and view all the answers

What is the measure of energy released to the surrounding or energy absorbed from the surrounding?

Enthalpy, H Signup and view all the answers

Which process involves heat being evolved when solvation takes place?

Solvation Signup and view all the answers

Which ion has a large negative value for heat of solvation?

Br- Signup and view all the answers

What does a small ion tend to have in terms of heat of hydration?

Decrease in heat of hydration Signup and view all the answers

What do small ions tend to have in terms of ΔH° and ΔS°?

Decrease in ΔH° and increase in ΔS° Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT one of the top 15 most common drug salts mentioned in the lecture?

Bromide Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between heat of hydration and solute-solvent interaction?

Heat of hydration is directly related to solute-solvent interaction. Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of solution pH on drug solubility?

Increases drug solubility Signup and view all the answers

Which equation is referenced when discussing the relationship between the extent of ionization, pKa, and pH?

Henderson Hasselbalch equation Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the process of drug absorption from the gastrointestinal tract (GIT)?

Drug absorption process (DAP) Signup and view all the answers

What theory is mentioned in the context of drug absorption process (DAP) in relation to pH?

pH partition hypothesis Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common form in which over 50% of all drug molecules used in medicine exist?

As salts Signup and view all the answers

How do ions interact with water?

They form ion-dipole interactions with water molecules Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT mentioned as one of the top 15 most common drug salts?

$KNO_3$ Signup and view all the answers

What is the percentage of drug molecules used in medicine that exist as acetate?

2.5% Signup and view all the answers