Facial Expression Muscles Overview
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Facial Expression Muscles Overview

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of the muscles of facial expression?

  • To facilitate blood circulation
  • To aid in chewing food
  • To produce speech
  • To reflect emotions and facial movements (correct)

    • Which nerve is responsible for innervating the muscles of facial expression?

  • Accessory nerve
  • Facial nerve (correct)
  • Vagus nerve
  • Trigeminal nerve

    • What is the common blood supply for the muscles of facial expression?

  • Facial artery (correct)
  • Subclavian artery
  • Carotid artery
  • Brachial artery

    • Where do most facial muscles originate?

    <p>From bone or fascia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following groups is NOT a subdivision of facial muscles?

    <p>Fingers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary action of the Orbicularis Oris muscle?

    <p>Close and open the mouth</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where does the Depressor Labii Inferioris muscle originate?

    <p>Beneath the lowest portion of the oblique line of the mandible</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle's action is to elevate the upper lip?

    <p>Levator Labii Superioris</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What nerves supply the Zygomaticus Minor muscle?

    <p>Facial nerve, zygomatic and buccal branches</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the Zygomaticus Major muscle?

    <p>Elevates the corners of the mouth</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary action of the orbicularis oculi?

    <p>Close the eye forcefully</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which artery supplies blood to the corrugator muscle?

    <p>Superficial temporal artery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where does the nasalis muscle originate?

    <p>Nasal margin of the maxilla</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which nerve primarily supplies the procerus muscle?

    <p>Temporal branch of the facial nerve</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The action of the dilator naris is to:

    <p>Flares the nostrils</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary action of the Levator Anguli Oris muscle?

    <p>Elevates the corner of the mouth</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which branch of the facial nerve supplies the Buccinator muscle?

    <p>Buccal branch</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where does the Mentalis muscle insert?

    <p>Skin covering the chin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following muscles aids in mastication by working in opposition to the tongue?

    <p>Buccinator</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the origin of the Platysma muscle?

    <p>Clavicle and shoulder</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which action is performed by the Orbicularis Oris muscle?

    <p>Puckers the lips</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The action of depressing the corner of the mouth is primarily associated with which muscle?

    <p>Depressor Anguli Oris</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which arteries provide blood supply to the Mentalis muscle?

    <p>Facial and maxillary arteries</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary action of the Compressor Naris muscle?

    <p>Closes the nostrils</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle primarily raises the ear?

    <p>Superior Auricular</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where does the Anterior Auricular muscle originate?

    <p>Scalp and temporal fascia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What insertion point does the Posterior Auricular muscle have?

    <p>Inferior medial aspect of the auricle of the ear</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which nerve is responsible for innervating the Anterior Auricular muscle?

    <p>Facial nerve, temporal branch</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition could potentially affect the functionality of the facial muscles?

    <p>Bell's Palsy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the action of the Posterior Auricular muscle?

    <p>Pulls the ear back</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the blood supply for the muscles acting on the external ear?

    <p>Posterior auricular artery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Facial Expression Muscles

    • Most facial muscles originate from bone or fascia and insert into skin.
    • Facial muscles are innervated by the facial nerve and supplied by facial artery.
    • The 5 branches of the facial nerve are: temporal, zygomatic, buccal, mandibular, and cervical.
    • Contraction of facial muscles affects the facial skin in ways that reflect emotions.
    • Facial muscles can be subdivided into:
      • Mouth
      • Scalp
      • Neck
      • Eyes
      • Nose
      • Ears

    Important Functions of Facial Muscles

    • Speech
    • Mastication (Chewing)
    • Facial Expressions

    Muscles of the Mouth

    Orbicularis Oris

    • Circular shaped muscle located in the lip tissue.
    • Some bony attachment around mouth (anterior nasal spine and midline above the chin).
    • Fibres interlace with muscles around the lips.
    • Action: Closes and opens the mouth, compresses lips, protrudes lips.
    • Nerve Supply: Facial nerve, buccal branch.
    • Blood Supply: Facial, maxillary and superficial temporal arteries.

    Levator Labii Superioris

    • Origin: Lower rim of orbit.
    • Insertion: Fibres of Orbicularis Oris at the upper lip.
    • Action: Elevates the upper lip.
    • Nerve Supply: Facial nerve, zygomatic and buccal branches.
    • Blood Supply: Facial & maxillary arteries.

    Depressor Labii Inferioris

    • Origin: Beneath the lowest portion of the oblique line of the mandible.
    • Insertion: Orbicularis Oris in the lower lip.
    • Action: Depresses the lower lip.
    • Nerve Supply: Facial nerve, mandibular branch.
    • Blood Supply: Facial & maxillary arteries.

    Zygomaticus Minor

    • Origin: Zygomatic arch.
    • Insertion: Orbicularis Oris.
    • Action: Elevates the upper lip.
    • Nerve Supply: Facial nerve, buccal & zygomatic branches.
    • Blood Supply: Facial artery.

    Zygomaticus Major

    • Origin: Zygomatic arch.
    • Insertion: Travels downwards and medially to blend with Orbicularis Oris at angle of mouth.
    • Action: Elevates the corners of the mouth (e.g. during laughter).
    • Nerve Supply: Facial nerve, buccal & zygomatic branches.
    • Blood Supply: Facial artery.

    Levator Anguli Oris

    • Origin: Canine fossa of the Maxilla, below the infra-orbital foramen.
    • Insertion: The Orbicularis Oris at the corner of the mouth.
    • Action: Elevates the corner of the mouth
    • Nerve Supply: Facial nerve, buccal & zygomatic branch.
    • Blood Supply: Facial & maxillary arteries.

    Depressor Anguli Oris

    • Origin: Beneath the angle of the mandible.
    • Insertion: Converges into the angles of the mouth and blend with Orbicularis Oris.
    • Action: Depresses the corner of the mouth.
    • Nerve Supply: Facial nerve, buccal & mandibular branches.
    • Blood Supply: Facial & maxillary arteries.

    Mentalis

    • Origin: Anterior surface of mandible (incisive fossa).
    • Insertion: Skin covering the chin.
    • Action: Puckers/pulls skin of the chin up. Helps the Orbicularis Oris muscle in clearing food from the labial sulcus.
    • Nerve Supply: Facial nerve, mandibular branch.
    • Blood Supply: Facial & maxillary arteries.

    Buccinator

    • Origin: Pterygomandibular raphae and buccal alveolar bone (in maxillary and mandibular molars regions).
    • Insertion: Blend with the Orbicularis Oris at corners of mouth.
    • Action: Pulls corner of the mouth back and compresses cheek against buccal surfaces of molars. Aids in mastication working in opposition with the tongue to direct food to the occlusal tooth surfaces.
    • Nerve Supply: Facial nerve, buccal branch.
    • Blood Supply: Facial & maxillary arteries.

    Risorius

    • Origin: Angle of the mandible.
    • Insertion: Corner of the mouth.
    • Action: Retract the angle of the mouth, assists in smiling.
    • Nerve Supply: Facial nerve, buccal branch.
    • Blood Supply: Facial artery.

    Muscles of the Scalp

    Occipitofrontalis

    • Consists of 3 parts:
      • Frontalis
      • Occipitalis
      • Galea Aponeurotica
    • Frontalis is the part associated with facial expressions.
    • Origin: Connective tissue of the scalp.
    • Insertion: Skin of the frontal regions of the eyebrows.
    • Action: Pulls scalp up and back - elevates eyebrows and wrinkles scalp.
    • Nerve Supply: Facial nerve, temporal branch
    • Blood Supply: Superficial temporal &opthalmic arteries.

    Muscles of the Neck

    Platysma

    • Origin: Clavicle & shoulder.
    • Insertion: Lower border of mandible, skin & muscle of lower face & mouth.
    • Action: Pulls down corners of mouth (grimace), and wrinkles skin of chin & neck.
    • Nerve Supply: Facial nerve, cervical branch.
    • Blood Supply: Facial artery & thyrocervical trunk

    Muscles of the Eyes

    Orbicularis Oculi

    • Horseshoe shape encircling the eye:
      • Origin: Bone of the upper medial orbital margin.
      • Action: Closes the eye forcefully.
    • Palpebrae
      • Origin: Medial palpebral ligament and arches laterally within the eyelid.
      • Action: Closes eyes gently (blinking).
    • Nerve Supply: Facial nerve, zygomatic & temporal branches
    • Blood Supply: Superficial temporal, facial & maxillary arteries.

    Corrugator

    • Origin: Bridge of the nose.
    • Insertion: Skin of the lateral part of eyebrow.
    • Action: Pulls eyebrows medially (frown).
    • Nerve Supply: Facial nerve, temporal branch.
    • Blood Supply: Superficial temporal artery.

    Procerus

    • Origin: Bridge of the nose.
    • Insertion: Medial end of the eyebrows.
    • Action: Pulls eyebrows down (frown), and wrinkling of the nose.
    • Nerve Supply: Facial nerve, zygomatic branch.
    • Blood Supply: Facial artery.

    Muscles of the Nose

    Nasalis

    • The nasalis is made up of 2 parts that open and close the nostrils:
      • Dilator Naris
      • Compressor Naris
    • Nerve Supply: Facial nerve, buccal branches.
    • Blood Supply: Facial artery.

    Dilator Naris

    • Origin: The nasal margin of the maxilla.
    • Insertion: Skin of the nostril.
    • Action: Flares the nostrils.

    Compressor Naris

    • Origin: The top of the maxillary canine ridge.
    • Insertion: Midline over the nasal cartilage.
    • Action: Closes the nostrils.

    Muscles of the Ears

    • There are 3 muscles that act on the external ear:
      • Anterior Auricular
      • Superior Auricular
      • Posterior Auricular

    Anterior Auricular

    • Origin: The scalp and temporal fascia.
    • Insertion: Anterior medial aspect of the helix of the ear.
    • Action: Pulls the ear slightly forward.
    • Nerve Supply: Facial nerve, temporal branch
    • Blood Supply: Posterior auricular artery.

    Superior Auricular

    • Origin: Scalp and temporal fascia.
    • Insertion: Superior medial aspect of the ear.
    • Action: Raises the ear.
    • Nerve Supply: Facial nerve, temporal branch.
    • Blood Supply: Posterior auricular artery.

    Posterior Auricular

    • Origin: Superior lateral aspect of the mastoid process.
    • Insertion: Inferior medial aspect of auricle the ear.
    • Action: Pulls the ear back.
    • Nerve Supply: Facial nerve, temporal branch.
    • Blood Supply: Posterior auricular artery.

    Changes to Facial Muscles

    • Conditions that can affect functionality of facial muscles include:
      • Bell’s Palsy
      • Stroke
      • Surgery

    Summary Table of Facial Muscles

    • Muscle | Origin | Insertion | Nerve | Blood Supply | Action
      • Orbicularis Oris | Some bony attachment (anterior nasal spine and midline above the chin) | Fibres interlace with muscles around the lips | Facial nerve, buccal branch | Facial, maxillary & superficial temporal arteries. | Closes and opens the mouth, compresses lips, protrusion of the lips
      • Levator Labii Superioris | Lower rim of orbit | Fibres of Orbicularis Oris at the upper lip | Facial nerve, zygomatic and buccal branches. | Facial & maxillary arteries | Elevates upper lip
      • Depressor Labii Inferioris | Beneath the lowest portion of the oblique line of the mandible | Orbicularis Oris in the lower lip | Facial nerve, mandibular branch | Facial & maxillary arteries | Depresses lower lip
      • Zygomaticus Minor | Zygomatic arch | Orbicularis Oris | Facial nerve, buccal & zygomatic branches. | Facial artery. | Elevates upper lip
      • Zygomaticus Major | Zygomatic arch | Travels downwards and medially to blend with Orbicularis Oris at angle of mouth | Facial nerve, buccal & zygomatic branches. | Facial artery | Elevates corners of mouth, e.g. during laughter
      • Levator Anguli Oris | Canine fossa of the Maxilla, below the infra-orbital foramen | The Orbicularis Oris at corner of the mouth | Facial nerve, buccal & zygomatic branch | Facial & maxillary arteries | Elevates the corner of the mouth
      • Depressor Anguli Oris | Beneath angle of the mandible | Converges into the angles of the mouth and blend with Orbicularis Oris | Facial nerve, buccal & mandibular branches. | Facial & maxillary arteries | Depresses corner of mouth
      • Mentalis | Anterior surface of mandible (incisive fossa) | Skin covering the chin | Facial nerve, mandibular branch | Facial & maxillary arteries | Puckers/pulls skin of the chin up. Helps the Orbicularis Oris muscle in clearing food from the labial sulcus.
      • Buccinator | Pterygomandibular raphae and buccal alveolar bone (in maxillary and mandibular molars regions) | Blend with the Orbicularis Oris at corners of mouth | Facial nerve, buccal branch | Facial & maxillary arteries | Pulls corner of the mouth back and compresses cheek against buccal surfaces of molars. Aids in mastication working in opposition with the tongue to direct food to the occlusal tooth surfaces.
      • Risorius | Angle of the mandible | Corner of the mouth | Facial never, buccal branch | Facial artery | Retract the angle of the mouth, assists in smiling
      • Occipitofrontalis, Frontalis | Connective tissue of the scalp | Skin of the frontal regions of the eyebrows | Facial nerve, temporal branch | Superficial temporal &opthalmic arteries. | Pulls scalp up and back- elevates eyebrows and wrinkles scalp
      • Platysma | Clavicle & shoulder | Lower border of mandible, skin & muscle of lower face & mouth | Facial nerve, cervical branch | Facial artery & thyrocervical trunk | Pulls down corners of mouth (grimace), and wrinkles skin of chin & neck
      • Orbicularis Oculi, Orbital | Bone of the upper medial orbital margin | Closes the eye forcefully | Facial nerve, zygomatic & temporal branches | Superficial temporal, facial & maxillary arteries. | Closes the eye forcefully - Orbicularis Oculi, Palpebrae | Medial palpebral ligament and arches laterally within the eyelid | Closes eyes gently (blinking) | Facial nerve, zygomatic & temporal branches | Superficial temporal, facial & maxillary arteries. | Closes eyes gently (blinking)
      • Corrugator | Bridge of the nose | Skin of the lateral part of eyebrow | Facial nerve, temporal branch | Superficial temporal artery | Pulls eyebrows medially (frown)
      • Procerus | Bridge of the nose | Medial end of the eyebrows | Facial nerve, zygomatic branch | Facial artery | Pulls eyebrows down (frown), and wrinkling of the nose.
      • Nasalis, Dilator Naris | The nasal margin of the maxilla | Skin of the nostril | Facial nerve, buccal branches. | Facial artery. | Flares the nostrils
      • Nasalis, Compressor Naris | The top of the maxillary canine ridge | Midline over the nasal cartilage | Facial nerve, buccal branches. | Facial artery. | Closes the nostrils - Anterior Auricular | The scalp and temporal fascia. | Anterior medial aspect of the helix of the ear | Facial nerve, temporal branch | Posterior auricular artery. | Pulls the ear slightly forward
      • Superior Auricular | Scalp and temporal fascia | Superior medial aspect of the ear | Facial nerve, temporal branch | Posterior auricular artery | Raises the ear
      • Posterior Auricular | Superior lateral aspect of the mastoid process | Inferior medial aspect of auricle the ear | Facial nerve, temporal branch | Posterior auricular artery | Pulls the ear back

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    Muscles of Facial Expression PDF

    Description

    Test your knowledge on the facial expression muscles, their functions, and innervation. This quiz covers important muscles like the orbicularis oris and their roles in speech and facial expressions. Understand how these muscles impact emotions and physical movements.

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