Unit 5 cardiac

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What indicates hypervolemia or right-sided heart failure in terms of Central Venous Pressure (CVP)?

CVP > 6 mm Hg (correct)

CVP = 5 mm Hg

CVP < 2 mm Hg

CVP = 2 mm Hg

Which of the following conditions can lead to a reduced right ventricular preload as indicated by a CVP measurement?

Overhydration

Fluid overload

Right-sided heart failure

Excessive blood loss (correct)

What is the normal range for Pulmonary Artery Pressure (PAP)?

8-20 mm Hg (correct)

2-6 mm Hg

20-30 mm Hg

6-10 mm Hg

Which site is preferred for central venous access in hemodynamic monitoring?

Subclavian vein Signup and view all the answers

When conducting intra-arterial blood pressure measurements, which artery is primarily used?

Radial artery Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of maintaining a pressure bag around the flush solution during hemodynamic monitoring?

To maintain constant pressure for accurate measurements Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a recommended nursing intervention for hemodynamic monitoring?

Use dextrose in the flush solution Signup and view all the answers

What does a pulmonary wedge pressure measurement assess during hemodynamic monitoring?

Left ventricular function and response to treatment Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended action if a catheter site shows signs of infection?

Pull the line and send it to the lab Signup and view all the answers

How often should transducers and tubing be replaced in a standard protocol?

Every 96 hours Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about patient bathing with a catheter is true?

Patients must avoid submerging the catheter site in water Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic complication associated with catheter insertion?

Pneumothorax Signup and view all the answers

What should be done if a catheter remains in place for more than 72-96 hours?

Remove it to reduce the risk of infection Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct landmark for positioning the stopcock of the transducer?

Phlebostatic axis Signup and view all the answers

Sinus bradycardia is primarily caused by what factor?

Increased parasympathetic activity Signup and view all the answers

What risk is associated with leaving a catheter for an extended period?

Air embolism Signup and view all the answers

What should be the target for Low-Density Lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels?

Less than 100 mg/dl Signup and view all the answers

Which dietary recommendation is advised for managing cholesterol levels?

Small frequent meals Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of administering Nitroglycerin in a medical setting?

Vasodilate blood vessels Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following actions is NOT part of post-operative care monitoring?

Performing immediate physical rehabilitation Signup and view all the answers

Which medication is administered primarily to reduce pain and anxiety during a cardiac event?

Morphine Signup and view all the answers

What is a key sign of potential post-catheterization complications?

Numbness and tingling Signup and view all the answers

Which management strategy can help prevent complications after a cardiac procedure?

Use a compression device post-procedure Signup and view all the answers

What is essential to monitor when assessing a patient post-catheterization for bleeding risk?

Color of the skin Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of synchronized cardioversion?

To electrically reset the patient's heart rhythm Signup and view all the answers

In which scenario would atropine be indicated?

Unstable bradycardia with acute symptoms Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following accurately describes atrial fibrillation?

Atrial depolarizations block the AV node irregularly Signup and view all the answers

What is the maximum dosage of atropine that can be given rapidly for bradycardia?

3 mg Signup and view all the answers

When would emergency transcutaneous pacing be most appropriate?

When atropine is ineffective in unstable bradycardia Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes atrial flutter from atrial fibrillation?

Atrial flutter has a consistent impulse originating from the same place Signup and view all the answers

Which medication is categorized as an adrenergic receptor agonist?

Epinephrine Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about ventricular contractions in A-FIB is true?

Some atrial signals reach the ventricles, causing contractions Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following conditions would be an indication for performing a CABG procedure?

Uncontrolled angina despite medication Signup and view all the answers

Which complication is most likely to occur after CABG surgery?

Cardiac Tamponade Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes a STEMI from an NSTEMI?

STEMI has significant myocardial damage and complete blockage Signup and view all the answers

What is a common geriatric consideration when assessing older patients for cardiac conditions?

They may present with atypical symptoms such as weakness. Signup and view all the answers

Which laboratory test is crucial for evaluating myocardial infarction?

Cardiac biomarkers such as troponin Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following medical interventions is typically initiated immediately upon suspected myocardial infarction?

Supplemental oxygen Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following medications is classified as an anticoagulant used in managing myocardial infarction?

Heparin Signup and view all the answers

In terms of myocardial damage, what occurs if thrombus persists long enough during a complete occlusion?

Irreversible necrosis of myocardial cells Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT considered a complication associated with CABG surgery?

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Signup and view all the answers

What is the minimum percentage of occlusion required in arteries for CABG to be indicated?

50% in the left main coronary artery Signup and view all the answers