Unit 5 cardiac
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Questions and Answers

What indicates hypervolemia or right-sided heart failure in terms of Central Venous Pressure (CVP)?

  • CVP > 6 mm Hg (correct)
  • CVP = 5 mm Hg
  • CVP < 2 mm Hg
  • CVP = 2 mm Hg

Which of the following conditions can lead to a reduced right ventricular preload as indicated by a CVP measurement?

  • Overhydration
  • Fluid overload
  • Right-sided heart failure
  • Excessive blood loss (correct)

What is the normal range for Pulmonary Artery Pressure (PAP)?

  • 8-20 mm Hg (correct)
  • 2-6 mm Hg
  • 20-30 mm Hg
  • 6-10 mm Hg

Which site is preferred for central venous access in hemodynamic monitoring?

<p>Subclavian vein (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When conducting intra-arterial blood pressure measurements, which artery is primarily used?

<p>Radial artery (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of maintaining a pressure bag around the flush solution during hemodynamic monitoring?

<p>To maintain constant pressure for accurate measurements (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a recommended nursing intervention for hemodynamic monitoring?

<p>Use dextrose in the flush solution (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does a pulmonary wedge pressure measurement assess during hemodynamic monitoring?

<p>Left ventricular function and response to treatment (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended action if a catheter site shows signs of infection?

<p>Pull the line and send it to the lab (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How often should transducers and tubing be replaced in a standard protocol?

<p>Every 96 hours (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about patient bathing with a catheter is true?

<p>Patients must avoid submerging the catheter site in water (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic complication associated with catheter insertion?

<p>Pneumothorax (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be done if a catheter remains in place for more than 72-96 hours?

<p>Remove it to reduce the risk of infection (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct landmark for positioning the stopcock of the transducer?

<p>Phlebostatic axis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Sinus bradycardia is primarily caused by what factor?

<p>Increased parasympathetic activity (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What risk is associated with leaving a catheter for an extended period?

<p>Air embolism (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be the target for Low-Density Lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels?

<p>Less than 100 mg/dl (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which dietary recommendation is advised for managing cholesterol levels?

<p>Small frequent meals (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of administering Nitroglycerin in a medical setting?

<p>Vasodilate blood vessels (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following actions is NOT part of post-operative care monitoring?

<p>Performing immediate physical rehabilitation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which medication is administered primarily to reduce pain and anxiety during a cardiac event?

<p>Morphine (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key sign of potential post-catheterization complications?

<p>Numbness and tingling (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which management strategy can help prevent complications after a cardiac procedure?

<p>Use a compression device post-procedure (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is essential to monitor when assessing a patient post-catheterization for bleeding risk?

<p>Color of the skin (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of synchronized cardioversion?

<p>To electrically reset the patient's heart rhythm (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which scenario would atropine be indicated?

<p>Unstable bradycardia with acute symptoms (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following accurately describes atrial fibrillation?

<p>Atrial depolarizations block the AV node irregularly (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the maximum dosage of atropine that can be given rapidly for bradycardia?

<p>3 mg (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When would emergency transcutaneous pacing be most appropriate?

<p>When atropine is ineffective in unstable bradycardia (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes atrial flutter from atrial fibrillation?

<p>Atrial flutter has a consistent impulse originating from the same place (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which medication is categorized as an adrenergic receptor agonist?

<p>Epinephrine (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about ventricular contractions in A-FIB is true?

<p>Some atrial signals reach the ventricles, causing contractions (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following conditions would be an indication for performing a CABG procedure?

<p>Uncontrolled angina despite medication (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which complication is most likely to occur after CABG surgery?

<p>Cardiac Tamponade (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes a STEMI from an NSTEMI?

<p>STEMI has significant myocardial damage and complete blockage (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common geriatric consideration when assessing older patients for cardiac conditions?

<p>They may present with atypical symptoms such as weakness. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which laboratory test is crucial for evaluating myocardial infarction?

<p>Cardiac biomarkers such as troponin (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following medical interventions is typically initiated immediately upon suspected myocardial infarction?

<p>Supplemental oxygen (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following medications is classified as an anticoagulant used in managing myocardial infarction?

<p>Heparin (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In terms of myocardial damage, what occurs if thrombus persists long enough during a complete occlusion?

<p>Irreversible necrosis of myocardial cells (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT considered a complication associated with CABG surgery?

<p>Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the minimum percentage of occlusion required in arteries for CABG to be indicated?

<p>50% in the left main coronary artery (A), 70% (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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