Unit 5 Review
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Questions and Answers

Select your class period:

  • 3rd Period (correct)
  • 4th Period (correct)
  • 5th Period (correct)
  • 6th Period (correct)
  • 7th Period (correct)

Which pair of elements would you expect to exhibit the greatest similarity in their physical and chemical properties?

  • S, Se (correct)
  • Cs, Ba
  • C, O
  • P, S
  • Ga, Se

What charge does chlorine form when it becomes an ion?

1-

The sulfide ion is represented by S 2-.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following compounds would you expect to be ionic?

<p>Al2O3 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Cations are typically nonmetals.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Aluminum forms an ion with a charge of _________

<p>3+</p> Signup and view all the answers

Carbon is a __________ and sodium is a __________.

<p>nonmetal, metal</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the formula of the compound formed between magnesium ions and oxygen ions?

<p>MgO</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the element with the type of ion it forms:

<p>Chlorine = 1- Aluminum = 3+ Oxygen = 2- Sodium = 1+</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT an ionic compound?

<p>PCl5 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Of the following, __________ contains the greatest number of electrons.

<p>S2- (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The element with the symbol __________ is the most similar to nitrogen in chemical and physical properties.

<p>P</p> Signup and view all the answers

Aluminum is a __________ and phosphorus is a __________.

<p>metal, nonmetal</p> Signup and view all the answers

Anions tend to have a __________ charge.

<p>negative (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Oxygen is most likely to lose electrons when forming an ion.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Calcium forms an ion with a charge of __________.

<p>2+ (E)</p> Signup and view all the answers

__________ typically form ions with a 1+ charge.

<p>Alkali metals (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following elements with their ion charges:

<p>Sodium = 1+ Oxygen = 2- Calcium = 2+ Chlorine = 1-</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following compounds would you expect to be ionic?

<p>K2O (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct formula for the salt formed by Sr2+ and PO43-?

<p>Sr3(PO4)2 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The formula for iron(III) oxide is Fe2O3.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following ions would be iso-electronic with Ar?

<p>Cl - (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The correct name for Mg(NO2)2 is __________.

<p>magnesium nitrite</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct formula for ammonium carbonate?

<p>(NH4)2CO3</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following compounds is lead (IV) oxide?

<p>PbO2 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following represents the correct name and formula pair?

<p>Mg(NO3)2 magnesium nitrate (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct name for CuSO4?

<p>copper (II) sulfate (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the charge on the titanium ion in TiO2?

<p>+4</p> Signup and view all the answers

The formula for SnF2 is tin (II) fluoride.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Calcium reacts with a polyatomic ion to form a compound with the general formula Ca(X). What would be the most likely formula for the compound formed between potassium and the polyatomic ion X?

<p>K2X</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Similar Chemical Properties

Elements in the same group (column) of the periodic table often share similar chemical behaviors.

Electron Count

Elements with more electrons have a higher electron count.

Periodic Table Left Side

Elements on the left side of the periodic table tend to lose electrons and become positively charged ions (cations).

Periodic Table Right Side

Elements on the right side tend to gain electrons and become negatively charged ions (anions).

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Anion Charge

Anions have a negative charge.

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Alkali Metal Ion Charge

Alkali metals typically form ions with a +1 charge.

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Calcium Ion Charge

Calcium forms ions with a +2 charge.

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Nitrogen Ion Charge

Nitrogen forms ions with a -3 charge.

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Ionic Compounds

Ionic compounds are composed of a metal and a nonmetal, forming a neutral compound with oppositely charged ions.

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Cadmium Ion Charge

Cadmium (Cd) forms a +2 ion.

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Selenium Ion Charge

Selenium (Se) forms a -2 ion.

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Isoelectronic ions

Isoelectronic ions have identical electron configurations.

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Sulfur Ion

The sulfide ion is represented by the chemical formula S2-.

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Metal vs. Nonmetal

Metals lose electrons to form cations; nonmetals gain electrons to form anions.

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Chlorine Ion Charge

Chlorine forms a -1 ion.

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Aluminum Ion Charge

Aluminum forms a +3 ion.

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Ionic Compound Example

Aluminum oxide (Al2O3) is an ionic compound.

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Predicting Ionic Compounds

Compounds formed between a metal and a nonmetal are likely ionic.

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Non-Ionic Compound Example

PCl5 is not considered an ionic compound.

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Magnesium Oxide Formula

The chemical formula for magnesium oxide is MgO.

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Calcium Chloride Name

The name for CaCl2 is calcium chloride.

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Iron(III) Oxide Formula

The formula for iron(III) oxide is Fe2O3.

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Magnesium Nitrite Formula

The formula for magnesium nitrite is Mg(NO2)2.

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Lead (IV) Oxide Formula

Lead (IV) oxide has the formula PbO2.

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Study Notes

Chemical Properties of Elements

  • Nitrogen and Phosphorus share similar chemical and physical properties.
  • Elements found in the same group or column of the periodic table tend to have similar chemical properties.
  • The more electrons an element has, the greater its electron count.
  • Elements located on the left side of the periodic table tend to lose electrons, forming cations.
  • Elements located on the right side of the periodic table tend to gain electrons, forming anions.

Ionic Bonding and Ion Formation

  • Anions possess a negative charge.
  • Alkali metals typically form ions with a +1 charge.
  • Calcium forms ions with a +2 charge.
  • Nitrogen forms ions with a -3 charge.
  • Ionic compounds consist of a metal and a nonmetal forming a neutral compound with opposite charges.
  • Compounds with a metal and a nonmetal are likely to be ionic.

Predicting Ion Charges

  • Cadmium (Cd) forms +2 charged ions, reflecting its placement on the periodic table.
  • Selenium (Se) is likely to have a -2 charge, aligning with its periodic table position.
  • Elements within the same group on the periodic table exhibit similar charge tendencies.

Iso-Electronic Elements

  • Isoelectronic ions, such as Al3+ and Ne, have the same electron configuration as Argon.
  • Oxygen and Sulfur share similar chemical and physical properties, being in the same periodic group.
  • Elements in the same periodic group exhibit strong similarities in both physical and chemical properties.

Identifying Anions

  • The sulfide ion is represented by the chemical formula S2-.

Classifying Metal and Nonmetal Properties

  • Carbon is a nonmetal, and Sodium is a metal.
  • Metals lose electrons to form cations, while nonmetals gain electrons to form anions.

Ion Formation and Charge

  • Chlorine forms ions with a -1 charge.
  • Aluminum forms ions with a +3 charge.

Predicting Ionic Compounds

  • Aluminum oxide, Al2O3, is an example of an ionic compound.
  • Compounds formed between an alkali metal (like potassium) and a nonmetal are likely ionic.

Recognizing Ionic Compounds

  • PCl5, a compound consisting of phosphorus (nonmetal) and chlorine (nonmetal), is not an ionic compound.
  • Ionic compounds typically involve metals and nonmetals.

Formulas and Names of Ionic Compounds

  • The formula for the compound formed between magnesium (Mg) and oxygen (O) is MgO.
  • The correct name for CaCl2 is calcium chloride.
  • The salt formed from Sr2+ and PO43- ions has the formula Sr3(PO4)2.
  • The formula Fe2O3 represents iron(III) oxide.
  • The correct name for Mg(NO2)2 is magnesium nitrite.
  • Mg(NO3)2 is correctly named magnesium nitrate.

Recognizing Specific Compounds

  • Lead (IV) oxide has the formula PbO2.
  • The name SnF2 correctly describes tin (II) fluoride.
  • The charge of the titanium ion in TiO2 is +4.
  • CuSO4 is properly named copper (II) sulfate.

Predicting Compounds with Polyatomic Ions

  • If calcium forms CaX with a polyatomic ion, the formula with potassium will be KX.
  • The charge of the polyatomic ion is constant.

Determining Compound Ionicity

  • Compounds with a greater electronegativity difference between the elements are more ionic.
  • Less electronegativity difference usually results in a compound with less ionic character.

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Ionic Compounds Review PDF

Description

This quiz covers the chemical properties of elements, focusing on their behaviors in relation to the periodic table. It explores ionic bonding and the formation of ions, including the prediction of ion charges based on an element's position. Test your knowledge on cations, anions, and the characteristics of ionic compounds.

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