Eysenck's Extroversion-Introversion Theory

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What do children do after paying attention to models in the social learning theory?

Disregard the models completely

Challenge the behavior observed

Encode their behavior and may later imitate it (correct)

Ignore the behavior they observed

In Bandura's social learning theory, what does identification involve compared to imitation?

Ignoring models

Copying a single behavior

Paying attention to models

Adopting multiple behaviors (correct)

How does Bandura's concept of identification differ from Freud's concept of identification related to the Oedipus complex?

Does not allow identification with parents

Allows identification with any other person (correct)

Is restricted to family members only

Only involves same-sex parent identification

What does Gestalt psychology emphasize in terms of the relationship between figure and ground?

The whole is more than the sum of its parts Signup and view all the answers

What is Gestalt psychology's concept where the whole configuration is more significant than individual components?

Gestalt Signup and view all the answers

How does Gestalt psychology describe the relationship between figure and ground?

"The whole" is more than just adding up parts Signup and view all the answers

According to Eysenck, what effect do extroverts have physiologically?

Less sensitivity to external stimulation Signup and view all the answers

What did Eysenck suggest about introverts and conditioning?

Introverts are more susceptible to conditioning Signup and view all the answers

According to Adorno's theory, what is a characteristic of individuals with authoritarian personality traits?

Rigid gender roles Signup and view all the answers

Why did Adorno and his colleagues conduct a study after World War II?

To identify factors contributing to prejudice Signup and view all the answers

What conclusion did Adorno draw regarding authoritarianism?

'Authoritarianism is a result of repressed aggression.' Signup and view all the answers

In what way did Eysenck differentiate introverts and extroverts in terms of external stimulation?

Extroverts need less external stimulation than introverts. Signup and view all the answers

According to social learning theory, how do people learn and adapt their behavior?

Based on rewards and punishments received, especially during childhood Signup and view all the answers

What is the theory of learned helplessness based on?

Observations of rats in a laboratory setting Signup and view all the answers

Individuals who grew up in environments where they were consistently treated poorly may become __ according to the theory of learned helplessness.

"Eternal victims" Signup and view all the answers

How does Rotter's locus of control theory explain the way adults perceive events in their lives?

Influenced by childhood learning experiences Signup and view all the answers

Individuals with an internal locus of control tend to believe that their successes are due to __.

Their own hard work and diligence Signup and view all the answers

What may lead individuals with learned helplessness to feel?

Incapable of achieving life's rewards Signup and view all the answers

What is culture defined as in the text?

Beliefs, customs, habits, and language shared by people in a specific time and place Signup and view all the answers

According to William McDougall, what did he believe should be the rightful domain of study in social psychology?

The springs of human action and motives sustaining mental and bodily activity Signup and view all the answers

What concept did William James introduce to describe the continuous coexistence of thoughts, emotions, and ideas in a person's mind?

Stream of consciousness Signup and view all the answers

What was central to William McDougall's theorizing?

The primacy of instinct Signup and view all the answers

Which term does William James use to refer to the elements in the stream of consciousness that are immanent and outside of awareness?

Transitivity Signup and view all the answers

What did William James criticize in early general psychology?

Introspectionism Signup and view all the answers

What is the configural model in impression formation?

A theory that emphasizes the most significant qualities overshadowing the rest Signup and view all the answers

How do Primacy and Recency effects influence impression formation?

Positive traits at the beginning lead to a more favorable impression Signup and view all the answers

What happens if any negative information is given about a person during impression formation?

It tends to have a disproportionate effect, turning a good impression into a bad one Signup and view all the answers

What is the general view of information processing models about people's thinking?

Limited capacity in processing information Signup and view all the answers

What is the impact of forming a negative impression according to the text?

A negative impression tends to persist once formed Signup and view all the answers

How did experimental research mentioned in the text show people's tendency in forming impressions?

People form positive impressions unless given specific negative information Signup and view all the answers