Eye and Ear Conditions Quiz

Eye and Ear Conditions Summary

• Bacterial conjunctivitis, commonly known as "pink eye," presents with unilateral symptoms in children, including a stuck shut eye in the morning and yellow or purulent discharge.
• Allergic conjunctivitis, often associated with seasonal hay fever, affects both eyes and can cause redness, itching, and watery eyes.
• Orbital cellulitis, primarily affecting pediatric patients, presents with pain on eye movement, ptosis, and fever, and requires prompt ophthalmologist referral and IV antibiotic therapy.
• Periorbital cellulitis, characterized by pain without eye movement, is typically treated with outpatient oral antibiotics such as amoxicillin-clavulanic acid.
• Vertigo, common in older women, is associated with lightheadedness, poor balance, and can be linked to alcohol use, aminoglycosides, or anticonvulsant medications.
• Glaucoma, including angle-closure and open-angle types, can present with symptoms such as blurred vision, red eye, and headache, and may require topical beta blockers or laser therapy.
• Diabetic retinopathy can cause floaters, blurry vision, and requires control of blood pressure, sugars, lipids, and may involve VEGF injections.
• Macular degeneration, particularly affecting older white females, can lead to gradual, progressive blurred central vision and may be managed with lifestyle changes, visual assist devices, and intraocular injections of VEGF antagonists.
• Otitis externa, commonly known as swimmer's ear, is characterized by erythema, edema, and pain in the outer ear canal, and treatment varies based on severity, including topical and oral fluoroquinolones.
• Malignant otitis externa, seen in diabetic or elderly patients, presents with disproportionate pain, granulation tissue, and may require IV ciprofloxacin or oral antibiotics.
• Acute otitis media, commonly occurring after a viral upper respiratory infection, presents with ear pain, decreased hearing, and fever, and may be treated with antibiotics based on clinical criteria.
• Chronic suppurative otitis media, characterized by TM perforation and purulent discharge, requires topical antibiotic drops and careful differentiation from acute otitis media or trauma.