Eye and Ear Medical Terminology Quiz

Eye and Ear Medical Terminology

• Blephar/o: Refers to the eyelid.
• -cusis: Pertains to hearing.
• Irid/o: Denotes the iris, the colored part of the eye.
• Kerat/o: Relates to the cornea; also means horny or hard.
• Myring/o: Indicates the tympanic membrane or eardrum.
• Ophthalm/o: Refers to the eye and vision.
• -opia: A suffix indicating a vision condition.
• Opt/o: Relates to the eye or vision.
• Ot/o: Pertains to the ear and hearing.
• Phak/o: Refers to the lens of the eye.
• Presby/o: Indicates old age.
• Retin/o: Refers to the retina, the inner layer of the eye.
• Scler/o: Denotes the sclera, the white outer layer of the eye, and means hard.
• Trop/o: Indicates a turn or change.
• Tympan/o: Refers to the tympanic membrane or eardrum.

Common Eye Conditions

• Amblyopia: Vision impairment, often referred to as "lazy eye," typically affecting one eye without detectable disease.
• Ametropia: Any refractive error where images do not properly focus on the retina.
• Anisocoria: Condition characterized by unequal pupil sizes.
• Astigmatism: A refractive error caused by uneven curvature of the cornea.
• Cataract: Lens opacity leading to progressive vision loss, mostly associated with aging.
• Chalazion: Nodule or cyst in the eyelid resulting from blocked sebaceous glands.
• Conjunctivitis: Inflammation of the conjunctiva, often leading to redness and discomfort.
• Diplopia: Double vision where two images of a single object are perceived.
• Emmetropia: Normal eye condition where light focuses correctly on the retina.
• Ectropion: Eversion of the eyelid's edge.
• Entropion: Inversion of the eyelid's edge.
• Esotropia: Inward deviation of one or both eyes, commonly known as cross-eyed.
• Exotropia: Outward deviation of one eye, also referred to as walleye.

Diagnostic Procedures and Technologies

• Fluorescein angiography: Radiographic study of retinal blood vessels using fluorescein dye.
• Ophthalmoscopy: Examination of the eye's interior using an ophthalmoscope.
• Audiometry: Measurement of hearing acuity using an audiometer.
• Tonometry: Measurement of intraocular pressure to assess glaucoma.
• Tympanometry: Testing for middle ear disorders using air pressure.

Surgical Interventions

• Iridectomy: Surgical removal of part of the iris.
• Laser trabeculoplasty: Treatment for glaucoma that improves fluid drainage.
• Retinopexy: Surgical reattachment of a detached retinal area.
• Stapedectomy: Removal of a portion of the stapes bone in the middle ear to improve hearing.
• Mydriasis: Dilation of the pupil, opposite of miosis (constriction).

Hearing and Balance Disorders

• Otitis media: Inflammation of the middle ear, often causing pain and hearing loss.
• Otomycosis: Fungal infection of the external ear canal, common in swimmers.
• Sensorineural hearing loss: Occurs when the auditory nerve or inner ear hair cells are damaged, often from aging or exposure to noise.
• Tinnitus: A ringing or buzzing sound in the ears, typically linked to hearing loss.
• Vertigo: A sensation of spinning or dizziness, commonly associated with inner ear issues.

Age-Related Conditions

• Presbycusis: Age-related gradual loss of sensorineural hearing.
• Presbyopia: Age-related changes in vision, resulting in difficulty focusing on close objects.

Other Notable Terms

• Papilledema: Swelling of the optic nerve often indicating increased intracranial pressure.
• Photophobia: Sensitivity to light, potentially caused by several conditions including migraines.
• Xerophthalmia: Dryness of eye surfaces, leading to discomfort and vision problems.

These terms and conditions are vital for understanding common eye and ear-related health issues, along with their respective surgical interventions and diagnostic methods.