40 Questions
What is the typical duration of antibiotics treatment for a patient with TB?
6-9 months
What happens to a person with bad immunity when they are infected?
They will go into active disease
What type of TB can infect any organ in the body?
Extrapulmonary TB
Why do healthcare providers give antibiotics to patients with viral pneumonia?
To prevent bacterial pneumonia
What is a result of cavitation in the lungs?
Decreased surface area for gas exchange
What is the requirement for the TB organism to survive?
Oxygen
What is the purpose of an Arterial Blood Gas (ABG) test in pneumonia patients?
To check for oxygen levels in the blood
What is the result of the immune system's response to TB infection in the lungs?
All of the above
What is the role of a skin test in diagnosing TB?
It does not differentiate between latent and active disease
What is a potential side effect of antiviral medications for viral pneumonia?
Bone marrow suppression
Why do patients with TB require multiple antibiotics?
To combat antibiotic resistance
What is the 'Gold Standard' for assessing TB disease status?
Sputum culture
What is the term for the growth that the body makes to try to keep the infection from spreading?
Granuloma
How long does it typically take for a patient with TB to become non-infectious?
A couple of weeks
What is the status of the TB organisms inside a tubercle or granuloma?
Dormant and encapsulated
What are the first symptoms to appear in active TB disease?
Systemic symptoms
What is a characteristic of respiratory symptoms in active TB disease?
They do not appear until the disease is advanced
What is the result of a drop in immunity in a person with latent TB?
The infection becomes active
What is the purpose of a skin test in TB diagnosis?
To identify latent TB infection
What is the term for the active disease that develops when the TB organism reactivates?
Reactivation
What is a potential risk of oxygen therapy in pneumonia patients?
Oxygen toxicity
What is the significance of live organisms in the sputum of an infected person?
It indicates the person is contagious
What is the status of a person with latent TB in terms of contagiousness?
Not contagious
What is the result of impaired oxygenation in TB disease?
Decreased oxygen levels
What is the primary goal of putting a person with latent disease on anti-TB medication for 12 months?
To prevent the latent disease from becoming active
What determines the movement of air in and out of the lungs?
Respiratory pressures and airway resistance
What affects lung compliance?
Scar tissue, congestion, and surfactant
What happens to airway resistance during inspiration and expiration?
It decreases during inspiration and increases during expiration
What is the primary cause of obstructive disorders?
Inflammation and mucus production
What is the main function of the respiratory system?
To move air in and out of the lungs
What is the role of surfactant in the lungs?
To facilitate the inflation of the lungs
What is the result of increased airway resistance?
Increased work of breathing
What is the typical duration of symptoms in an acute asthma response?
60-90 minutes
What is the primary cause of the late phase response in asthma?
Attraction of other inflammatory cells
What is the result of chronic inflammation in the airways?
Scarring and permanent narrowing of airways
What is the significance of the vicious cycle of inflammation in asthma?
It makes airways more hyperreactive and prone to further inflammation
What is a characteristic of severe asthma attacks?
Respiratory failure due to airway constriction
What is the reason for the prolonged exhalation time in asthma patients?
Airways are narrower, making it harder to exhale
What is the primary mechanism of the late phase response?
Attraction of other inflammatory cells, which release more mediators
Why is the late phase response typically delayed by 2-8 hours?
It takes time for the inflammatory cells to arrive at the site
Learn about tuberculosis that occurs outside the lungs, its characteristics, and how the immune system responds to TB infection. Discover the two classes of TB, latent infection and its effects on the body.
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