Extrapulmonary TB and TB Infection

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What is the typical duration of antibiotics treatment for a patient with TB?

6-9 months (correct)

2-3 months

1 year

Until symptoms disappear

What happens to a person with bad immunity when they are infected?

They will go into active disease (correct)

They will not be contagious

Their immunity will improve

They will go into latent phase

What type of TB can infect any organ in the body?

Reactivation TB

Pulmonary TB

Extrapulmonary TB (correct)

Latent TB

Why do healthcare providers give antibiotics to patients with viral pneumonia?

To prevent bacterial pneumonia (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is a result of cavitation in the lungs?

Decreased surface area for gas exchange (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the requirement for the TB organism to survive?

Oxygen (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of an Arterial Blood Gas (ABG) test in pneumonia patients?

To check for oxygen levels in the blood (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of the immune system's response to TB infection in the lungs?

All of the above (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of a skin test in diagnosing TB?

It does not differentiate between latent and active disease (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential side effect of antiviral medications for viral pneumonia?

Bone marrow suppression (A) Signup and view all the answers

Why do patients with TB require multiple antibiotics?

To combat antibiotic resistance (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the 'Gold Standard' for assessing TB disease status?

Sputum culture (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the growth that the body makes to try to keep the infection from spreading?

Granuloma (C) Signup and view all the answers

How long does it typically take for a patient with TB to become non-infectious?

A couple of weeks (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the status of the TB organisms inside a tubercle or granuloma?

Dormant and encapsulated (C) Signup and view all the answers

What are the first symptoms to appear in active TB disease?

Systemic symptoms (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of respiratory symptoms in active TB disease?

They do not appear until the disease is advanced (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of a drop in immunity in a person with latent TB?

The infection becomes active (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a skin test in TB diagnosis?

To identify latent TB infection (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the active disease that develops when the TB organism reactivates?

Reactivation (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential risk of oxygen therapy in pneumonia patients?

Oxygen toxicity (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of live organisms in the sputum of an infected person?

It indicates the person is contagious (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the status of a person with latent TB in terms of contagiousness?

Not contagious (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of impaired oxygenation in TB disease?

Decreased oxygen levels (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of putting a person with latent disease on anti-TB medication for 12 months?

To prevent the latent disease from becoming active (D) Signup and view all the answers

What determines the movement of air in and out of the lungs?

Respiratory pressures and airway resistance (B) Signup and view all the answers

What affects lung compliance?

Scar tissue, congestion, and surfactant (C) Signup and view all the answers

What happens to airway resistance during inspiration and expiration?

It decreases during inspiration and increases during expiration (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of obstructive disorders?

Inflammation and mucus production (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the respiratory system?

To move air in and out of the lungs (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of surfactant in the lungs?

To facilitate the inflation of the lungs (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of increased airway resistance?

Increased work of breathing (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical duration of symptoms in an acute asthma response?

60-90 minutes (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of the late phase response in asthma?

Attraction of other inflammatory cells (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of chronic inflammation in the airways?

Scarring and permanent narrowing of airways (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the vicious cycle of inflammation in asthma?

It makes airways more hyperreactive and prone to further inflammation (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of severe asthma attacks?

Respiratory failure due to airway constriction (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the reason for the prolonged exhalation time in asthma patients?

Airways are narrower, making it harder to exhale (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism of the late phase response?

Attraction of other inflammatory cells, which release more mediators (A) Signup and view all the answers

Why is the late phase response typically delayed by 2-8 hours?

It takes time for the inflammatory cells to arrive at the site (C) Signup and view all the answers