Extralobar Sequestration

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is the most significant complication in newborns with Potter sequence?

  • Pulmonary hypoplasia (correct)
  • Oligohydramnios
  • Facial wrinkling
  • Micrognathia

What is the incidence of mediastinal cysts in children?

  • Higher in males
  • Higher in females
  • Not mentioned in the text
  • Equal between the sexes (correct)

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of Williams syndrome?

  • Hypercalcemia
  • Elevated fibrin (correct)
  • Prominent epicanthal folds
  • Supravalvar aortic stenosis

What is the treatment of choice for bronchogenic cysts?

<p>Surgical excision (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a congenital lung anomaly characterized by pulmonary underdevelopment?

<p>Lung agenesis-hypoplasia complex (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a commonly encountered congenital lung anomaly?

<p>Trachea-esophageal fistula (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During which phase of embryology does the formation of the respiratory diverticulum occur?

<p>Embryonic phase (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What structures separate the esophagus and trachea during embryonic development?

<p>Tracheoesophageal septum (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which side of the diaphragm is most commonly affected in diaphragmatic hernias?

<p>Left side (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main cause of death in Potter sequence?

<p>Pulmonary hypoplasia (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main characteristic of prune belly syndrome?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main feature of bronchogenic cysts?

<p>Asymptomatic (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which imaging modality is considered the gold standard for determining the arterial supply in cases of extralobar sequestration?

<p>Angiography (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of congenital pulmonary airway malformation (CPAM) is the most common?

<p>Type I (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which imaging modality accurately delineates the location and extent of a congenital pulmonary airway malformation (CPAM)?

<p>CT scan (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the treatment of choice for symptomatic patients with early respiratory compromise and recurrent infection in cases of congenital pulmonary airway malformation (CPAM)?

<p>Elective lobectomy (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which phase of fetal lung development is characterized by the appearance of fully mature alveoli?

<p>Alveolar phase (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which condition is associated with a decreased amount of amniotic fluid for gestational age?

<p>Oligohydramnios (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the normal range for amniotic fluid index (AFI)?

<p>10-20 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which congenital developmental lung disorder is characterized by underdevelopment of the lungs with a decreased number of alveoli and small airways?

<p>Pulmonary hypoplasia (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a potential postnatal complication of lung abnormalities mentioned in the text?

<p>Recurrent pneumothorax (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a potential in utero complication of lung abnormalities mentioned in the text?

<p>Hydrops fetalis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a general imaging differential consideration for lung abnormalities mentioned in the text?

<p>Bronchogenic cyst (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following clinical features is associated with primary ciliary dyskinesia?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the diagnostic test mentioned in the text for primary ciliary dyskinesia?

<p>Nasal nitric oxide test (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following developmental abnormalities of the upper airways is mentioned in the text?

<p>Laryngomalacia and tracheomalacia (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a possible complication of bronchogenic cysts?

<p>Fistula formation with the bronchial tree (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a differential diagnosis for bronchogenic cysts?

<p>Pulmonary sequestration (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where is the most common location for bronchogenic cysts?

<p>Paratracheal (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the arterial supply for intralobar sequestration?

<p>Pulmonary arteries (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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