Extraction Techniques in Organic Chemistry

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Questions and Answers

What is the purpose of adding (NH4)2SO4 during extraction?

To improve the crystallization of the extracted compounds

To enhance the solubility of glycosides (correct)

To increase the boiling point of acetone

To inhibit enzyme deactivation

What is the primary advantage of freeze-drying over other extraction methods?

It is a more cost-effective method

It is a slower process than other methods

It allows for the extraction of thermolabile compounds (correct)

It requires specialized equipment

What is the main disadvantage of boiling acetone as an extraction method?

It can lead to the deactivation of enzymes

It requires large quantities of acetone

It can cause the degradation of glycosides (correct)

It is a time-consuming process

Why is extraction at very low temperatures important in plant-insect interactions?

To understand the role of temperature in plant defense mechanisms Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary concern when extracting glycosides using a method that involves heating?

The degradation of glycosides Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of the purification steps mentioned?

To remove impurities from the extracted glycosides Signup and view all the answers

What is the likely outcome if the purification steps are not followed?

Impurities in the extracted glycosides Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary chemistry involved in the extraction and isolation of glycosides?

Glycoside chemistry Signup and view all the answers

What is the potential application of the purified glycosides?

Pharmaceutical formulations Signup and view all the answers

What is the likely source of the glycosides undergoing purification?

Plant extraction Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of washing with ether in the extraction process?

To defat the plant material and improve extraction efficiency Signup and view all the answers

What is the most likely reason for using 80% ethanol in the extraction process?

To solubilize and extract polar compounds from the plant material Signup and view all the answers

What is the potential consequence of not defatting the plant material with ether?

Reduced extraction of lipophilic compounds and altered extract composition Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of filtering the plant extract after extraction with 80% ethanol?

To remove impurities and sediment from the extract Signup and view all the answers

What is the potential consequence of not concentrating the plant extract after extraction?

Increased difficulty in isolating target compounds from the extract Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Extraction Methods

Boiling acetone is a method used for extraction
Extraction can be done at very low temperatures
Freeze-drying is another method for extraction
Extraction can be done in the presence of (NH4)2SO4

Purification of Extracted Glycosides

Extract the plant with 80% ethanol to purify glycosides
Concentrate the extract and filter it
Wash with ether for defatting to remove fats

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Description

This quiz covers various methods of extraction, including boiling acetone, extraction at low temperatures, freeze-drying, and extraction in the presence of ammonium sulfate.