Externalisation in Migration Studies

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Questions and Answers

What perspective does the concept of externalisation primarily assume?

Global economic perspective

Postcolonial perspective

Non-state-centric perspective

State-centric perspective (correct)

Which actors have been discussed in relation to externalisation besides state actors?

Regional governmental bodies

International, non-governmental organizations, and civil society actors (correct)

Only international agents

Only private for-profit actors

What has contributed to the presentism of European externalisation studies?

Politics around the identity of the European project (correct)

Global migration trends

Economic policies of the EU

International relations with neighboring countries

What do existing studies on externalisation focus on in terms of policies?

The configuration of extraterritorial border management Signup and view all the answers

What significant aspect about the Union’s self-representation is noted in the research?

It depicts itself built on normative foundations of decolonisation. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the contribution of research mentioned regarding externalisation?

It traces distinct bordering assemblages created through externalisation. Signup and view all the answers

According to the authors, what is the agency of different actors in externalisation policies?

They exercise agency and pursue their own interests. Signup and view all the answers

What is suggested to be a limitation in externalisation studies?

An inherent state-centric bias. Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the primary critiques of the concept of EU externalisation in migration policy?

It has a Eurocentric outlook. Signup and view all the answers

Which term describes the conventional roles assigned to non-EU actors in relation to European policies?

Troublemakers Signup and view all the answers

According to Arlene Tickner, what concept is better suited for understanding state practices in non-Western contexts?

Autonomy Signup and view all the answers

What do non-EU countries like Morocco, Libya, and Turkey often do regarding EU's externalisation policies?

Influence and reinterpret them for their purposes. Signup and view all the answers

What does the critique of ‘decentring’ Europe in international politics aim to emphasize?

The importance of local capacities and needs. Signup and view all the answers

What is one motivation for non-EU states to engage with EU migration policies?

To achieve distinct forms of non-dependent development. Signup and view all the answers

What kind of approach does the recent literature on migration policy encourage concerning non-EU actors?

Analyze their bargaining power and diplomatic practices. Signup and view all the answers

Which statement best encapsulates the authors' view on externalisation?

It often overlooks the sovereignty of non-EU states. Signup and view all the answers

What is a key focus of Hardt and Negri's work 'Empire'?

Asian migration and globalization of borders Signup and view all the answers

What do Heller and Pezzani discuss in their 2016 publication?

The practices of (non) border controls in the EU Signup and view all the answers

What is the focus of Menjívar's work regarding immigration law?

The externalization of asylum processes Signup and view all the answers

What is a significant characteristic of non-state actors in countries of transit and origin?

They play an autonomous role in border management. Signup and view all the answers

What does the work of Mezzadra and Neilson emphasize regarding borders?

Borders as methods of social control Signup and view all the answers

What does the concept of 'externalisation' challenge?

The spatial assumptions of inside and outside. Signup and view all the answers

What is the context of Hess's ethnographic analysis?

The role of the ICMPD in migration management Signup and view all the answers

What does 'routes management' refer to?

The coordination of migrant paths from origin to destination. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following represents a key theme in the work of Moisio and Paasi?

Geopolitics and changing state spaces Signup and view all the answers

How are migrants categorized upon arrival at European shores?

With varying legal categories and limited rights. Signup and view all the answers

What do Heller and Pezzani investigate in their 2018 study?

Death of migrants at borders Signup and view all the answers

What aspect of border management does ‘internalisation’ indicate?

Shifting border functions to the interior of states. Signup and view all the answers

What aspect of Indian migration is explored by Mongia?

The historical implications of colonial migrations Signup and view all the answers

What is highlighted by the need to rethink inside/outside assumptions?

The partial, fragmented, and temporary inclusion of migrants. Signup and view all the answers

What role do international organizations play regarding routes?

They create terminologies like ‘routes management’. Signup and view all the answers

What is a consequence of the blurriness between inside and outside in border management?

The questioning of externalisation and internalisation concepts. Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes non-state actors from traditional state actors in the context of externalisation?

Non-state actors do not represent territorial units. Signup and view all the answers

What role do for-profit actors played in the migration context according to the content?

They may contribute to externalisation but are not exclusively focused on it. Signup and view all the answers

How does the involvement of merchant ships complicate the understanding of externalisation?

Their participation in push-backs can result in losses to shipowners. Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary criticism of the state-centric view of externalisation?

It ignores the actions of non-state actors in shaping policies. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is true about externalisation and spatiality?

Externalisation can create hybrid spatialities that challenge state perspectives. Signup and view all the answers

In what way can research on externalisation politics be beneficial?

It can interrogate state-centric biases and practices. Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the economic implications for shipowners involved in migrant rescue operations?

They face significant economic losses. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the relationship between states and non-state actors in migration?

There is a complex entanglement affecting policy definition. Signup and view all the answers

What was the main event associated with the symposium mentioned?

A workshop at the University Sorbonne Paris Nord Signup and view all the answers

Which grant supported Paolo Cuttitta's work?

Horizon 2020 grant Signup and view all the answers

Who among the participating contributors is noted for participating in the workshop?

Antoine Pécoud Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary theme of Paolo Dahinden's work mentioned in the content?

De-migranticization of research Signup and view all the answers

Which publication discusses migrant illegality and its everyday implications?

Annual Review of Anthropology Signup and view all the answers

What type of fellowship supported Maribel Casas Cortés' work?

Ramón y Cajal fellowship Signup and view all the answers

Which author addressed the topic of externalizing migration governance in civil society?

S. Dini Signup and view all the answers

Which geographical context is examined in Dickson's work?

Maritime geographies Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Externalisation in Migration and Border Studies

Externalisation is the process where states operate border control activities outside their sovereign territory, often in other countries or on the high seas.
This process involves a multi-scalar dynamic, extending beyond fixed borders to mobile management points and zones.
Non-state actors, like NGOs and private entities, are increasingly involved in border management, altering sovereignty.
Externalisation is not a new phenomenon, having roots in historical practices like colonial-era migration control and anti-slavery efforts.
Current practices have grown significantly in the last two decades, particularly seen in the European Union and other countries globally.

Rethinking Externalisation

Externalisation research has largely focused on the present, but neglecting past colonial and imperial contexts.
A postcolonial perspective is needed to analyze externalization, examining its continuity with colonial history and decolonisation.
Eurocentrism has influenced the study of externalisation, primarily focusing on the EU/Western cases.
Migration and border dynamics are not only influenced by the 'center' (wealthy countries) but also by 'margins' - countries of origin and transit.
It is crucial to understand the dynamics and agency of non-state actors and their influence on externalisation policies.

Externalisation, State-Centrism, and Non-State Actors

Externalisation fundamentally relies on state territoriality, with neat boundaries and sovereignty.
Non-state actors play significant roles in externalisation though, including international organizations, NGOs, and private actors.
Non-state actors shape and transform externalisation, potentially questioning state externalisation entirely.
State-centric bias needs to be overcome by exploring the multitude of actors and relations involved in border management.
Studying assemblages, or combinations of actors, territories, and devices can further understand how these non-state and states actors interact.

Beyond Eurocentrism

Externalisation studies have often focused on Europe, neglecting other global contexts.
Critiques of Eurocentrism in externalization encourage analysis of non-western actors and countries.
State autonomy and symbolism are critical for understanding non-EU externalization cases.
Autonomy includes resource availability and navigating international relationships.
Symbolic politics relates to how internal and external policies intersect.

Challenging the Inside/Outside Divide

Externalisation relies on interior/exterior divisions, which needs to be challenged.
Considering previous colonial and imperial relations helps challenge the fixed inside/outside borders.
Understanding migration from the perspective of routes and their varied actors (not just states) is critical.
Internal and external interactions and agency is complex; externalization can be seen as both internal and external, and delocalized.
The division between externalization and internalization is unclear and should be studied further.

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Description

Explore the concept of externalisation in migration and border studies, focusing on how states conduct border control activities outside their territories. This quiz will discuss the involvement of non-state actors and the historical context of these practices, particularly within postcolonial frameworks.