Exploring Psychology Week 10: Attitudes & Cognition

_________ refers to the rules for combining words into grammatically sensible sentences in a given language.

The tendency to search for information that confirms one's preconceptions is known as _________ bias.

The phenomenon of _________ involves solving a problem by using a new approach without relying on previous experiences.

The mental shortcuts that help us to streamline our thinking and make fast decisions are called _________ .

Howard Gardner proposed the theory of _________ , which suggests that intelligence is not a single general ability, but rather multiple distinct types of intelligences that individuals possess.

Robert Sternberg's _________ Theory of Intelligence posits that successful intelligence comprises analytical, creative, and practical abilities.

The _________ perspective on intelligence focuses on the measurement of mental abilities, traits, and processes through quantitative tests.

The _________ of intelligence is a measure used to estimate what proportion of variation in intelligence across individuals can be attributed to genetic differences.

The _________ perspective on personality focuses on the inherent goodness of people and their drive towards self-actualization, with Carl Rogers and Abraham Maslow being key figures in this area.

Label the following parts of this model:

According to Freud, _________ are psychological strategies brought into play by the unconscious mind to manipulate, deny, or distort reality in order to defend against feelings of anxiety and unacceptable impulses.

The _________ is a projective psychological test in which subjects are shown pictures and asked to create stories about them, believed to reveal their underlying motives, feelings, and traits.

_________ is a technique in which the patient is encouraged to say whatever comes to mind, in order to reveal the unconscious processes of the patient.

The _________ perspective on psychological disorders emphasizes genetic, neurochemical, and anatomical causes of mental illnesses.

The _________ perspective on psychological disorders considers how cultural norms and social environment contribute to the development of mental illnesses.

_________ is a chronic and severe mental disorder that affects how a person thinks, feels, and behaves, often characterized by delusions, hallucinations, and impaired cognitive function.

_________ is a type of therapy that aims to remove the fear response of a phobia and substitute a relaxation response to the conditioned stimulus gradually.

If I make personal attributions to explain the behaviour of others, yet make situational attributions for my own behaviour, what effect am I demonstrating?

The Elaboration Likelihood Model (ELM) is a model of what process?

Jody is trying to persuade Frank that Andreas is the weak link in Chelsea's defence and should be sold in the summer. After carefully considering the number of successful blocks, number of successful tackles, distance covered per game, and aerial duals won, Frank is persuaded that Jody is right. What route to persuasion has been used here?

"My actions don't match my attitudes, and that makes me feel uncomfortable." What social psychological phenomenon is being demonstrated here?

Fiona assumes Jared is a kind person because he's charismatic. What psychological effect is she demonstrating?

The tendency for people to be less productive when working with others is known as... ?

Amanda just witnessed a car accident. She hasn't done any first aid courses, and although she could assist, she decides to keep driving as there are so many other people around. What social psychological effect is being demonstrated here?

What is the matching hypothesis?

Tyson intimidates people in order to get what he wants, whereas Deontay tends to say aggressive things when he loses his temper. Tyson exhibits _________ aggression whereas Deontay exhibits _________ aggression.

What Gestalt law/principle is represented by this image?

What is nociception?

What are the two types of sensory thresholds?

The phenomenon where we perceive objects as unchanging despite changes in retinal image is known as _________ .

The diminishing sensitivity to an unchanging stimulus is known as _________ .

What part of the brain is severed in split-brain surgery?

Mary likes to have the TV on in the background when she knits. Mary hears the word "war" and immediately stops knitting to listen to the TV. What type of attention has Mary demonstrated?

According to Freud, knowledge or memories that we can easily retrieve are located in the _________ ?

A biological cycle, approximately 24 hours long, that regulates sleep and wakefulness is called the _________ .

What is the corpus callosum responsible for?

I am utterly fixated on human sexuality. Who am I?

I believe children are genetically predisposed to learn language. Who am I?

I believe people have two types of intelligences – one that is based on knowledge accumulated over time and one that allows individuals to learn, navigate, and adapt to novel situations. Who am I?

I like fooling people into thinking they're giving other people dangerous electric shocks. Who am I?

I like helping French kids of varying intellectual ability find the right schools. Who am I?

I believe that people are genuinely altruistic and DO sometimes help others for unselfish reasons. Who am I?

Syntax

Confirmation Bias

Insight

Heuristics

Multiple Intelligences

Triarchic Theory of Intelligence

Psychometric Perspective

Heritability of Intelligence

Humanistic Perspective

Ego

Id

Superego

Defense Mechanisms

Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)

Free Association

Biological Perspective

Socio-cultural Perspective

Schizophrenia

Systematic Desensitization

Fundamental Attribution Error (FAE)

Elaboration Likelihood Model (ELM)

Cognitive Dissonance

Halo Effect