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Questions and Answers
_________ refers to the rules for combining words into grammatically sensible sentences in a given language.
_________ refers to the rules for combining words into grammatically sensible sentences in a given language.
Syntax
The tendency to search for information that confirms one's preconceptions is known as _________ bias.
The tendency to search for information that confirms one's preconceptions is known as _________ bias.
confirmation
The phenomenon of _________ involves solving a problem by using a new approach without relying on previous experiences.
The phenomenon of _________ involves solving a problem by using a new approach without relying on previous experiences.
insight
The mental shortcuts that help us to streamline our thinking and make fast decisions are called _________ .
The mental shortcuts that help us to streamline our thinking and make fast decisions are called _________ .
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Howard Gardner proposed the theory of _________ , which suggests that intelligence is not a single general ability, but rather multiple distinct types of intelligences that individuals possess.
Howard Gardner proposed the theory of _________ , which suggests that intelligence is not a single general ability, but rather multiple distinct types of intelligences that individuals possess.
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Robert Sternberg's _________ Theory of Intelligence posits that successful intelligence comprises analytical, creative, and practical abilities.
Robert Sternberg's _________ Theory of Intelligence posits that successful intelligence comprises analytical, creative, and practical abilities.
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The _________ perspective on intelligence focuses on the measurement of mental abilities, traits, and processes through quantitative tests.
The _________ perspective on intelligence focuses on the measurement of mental abilities, traits, and processes through quantitative tests.
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The _________ of intelligence is a measure used to estimate what proportion of variation in intelligence across individuals can be attributed to genetic differences.
The _________ of intelligence is a measure used to estimate what proportion of variation in intelligence across individuals can be attributed to genetic differences.
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The _________ perspective on personality focuses on the inherent goodness of people and their drive towards self-actualization, with Carl Rogers and Abraham Maslow being key figures in this area.
The _________ perspective on personality focuses on the inherent goodness of people and their drive towards self-actualization, with Carl Rogers and Abraham Maslow being key figures in this area.
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Label the following parts of this model:
Label the following parts of this model:
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According to Freud, _________ are psychological strategies brought into play by the unconscious mind to manipulate, deny, or distort reality in order to defend against feelings of anxiety and unacceptable impulses.
According to Freud, _________ are psychological strategies brought into play by the unconscious mind to manipulate, deny, or distort reality in order to defend against feelings of anxiety and unacceptable impulses.
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The _________ is a projective psychological test in which subjects are shown pictures and asked to create stories about them, believed to reveal their underlying motives, feelings, and traits.
The _________ is a projective psychological test in which subjects are shown pictures and asked to create stories about them, believed to reveal their underlying motives, feelings, and traits.
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_________ is a technique in which the patient is encouraged to say whatever comes to mind, in order to reveal the unconscious processes of the patient.
_________ is a technique in which the patient is encouraged to say whatever comes to mind, in order to reveal the unconscious processes of the patient.
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The _________ perspective on psychological disorders emphasizes genetic, neurochemical, and anatomical causes of mental illnesses.
The _________ perspective on psychological disorders emphasizes genetic, neurochemical, and anatomical causes of mental illnesses.
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The _________ perspective on psychological disorders considers how cultural norms and social environment contribute to the development of mental illnesses.
The _________ perspective on psychological disorders considers how cultural norms and social environment contribute to the development of mental illnesses.
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_________ is a chronic and severe mental disorder that affects how a person thinks, feels, and behaves, often characterized by delusions, hallucinations, and impaired cognitive function.
_________ is a chronic and severe mental disorder that affects how a person thinks, feels, and behaves, often characterized by delusions, hallucinations, and impaired cognitive function.
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_________ is a type of therapy that aims to remove the fear response of a phobia and substitute a relaxation response to the conditioned stimulus gradually.
_________ is a type of therapy that aims to remove the fear response of a phobia and substitute a relaxation response to the conditioned stimulus gradually.
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If I make personal attributions to explain the behaviour of others, yet make situational attributions for my own behaviour, what effect am I demonstrating?
If I make personal attributions to explain the behaviour of others, yet make situational attributions for my own behaviour, what effect am I demonstrating?
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The Elaboration Likelihood Model (ELM) is a model of what process?
The Elaboration Likelihood Model (ELM) is a model of what process?
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Jody is trying to persuade Frank that Andreas is the weak link in Chelsea's defence and should be sold in the summer. After carefully considering the number of successful blocks, number of successful tackles, distance covered per game, and aerial duals won, Frank is persuaded that Jody is right. What route to persuasion has been used here?
Jody is trying to persuade Frank that Andreas is the weak link in Chelsea's defence and should be sold in the summer. After carefully considering the number of successful blocks, number of successful tackles, distance covered per game, and aerial duals won, Frank is persuaded that Jody is right. What route to persuasion has been used here?
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"My actions don't match my attitudes, and that makes me feel uncomfortable." What social psychological phenomenon is being demonstrated here?
"My actions don't match my attitudes, and that makes me feel uncomfortable." What social psychological phenomenon is being demonstrated here?
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Fiona assumes Jared is a kind person because he's charismatic. What psychological effect is she demonstrating?
Fiona assumes Jared is a kind person because he's charismatic. What psychological effect is she demonstrating?
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The tendency for people to be less productive when working with others is known as... ?
The tendency for people to be less productive when working with others is known as... ?
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Amanda just witnessed a car accident. She hasn't done any first aid courses, and although she could assist, she decides to keep driving as there are so many other people around. What social psychological effect is being demonstrated here?
Amanda just witnessed a car accident. She hasn't done any first aid courses, and although she could assist, she decides to keep driving as there are so many other people around. What social psychological effect is being demonstrated here?
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What is the matching hypothesis?
What is the matching hypothesis?
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Tyson intimidates people in order to get what he wants, whereas Deontay tends to say aggressive things when he loses his temper. Tyson exhibits _________ aggression whereas Deontay exhibits _________ aggression.
Tyson intimidates people in order to get what he wants, whereas Deontay tends to say aggressive things when he loses his temper. Tyson exhibits _________ aggression whereas Deontay exhibits _________ aggression.
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What Gestalt law/principle is represented by this image?
What Gestalt law/principle is represented by this image?
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What is nociception?
What is nociception?
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What are the two types of sensory thresholds?
What are the two types of sensory thresholds?
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The phenomenon where we perceive objects as unchanging despite changes in retinal image is known as _________ .
The phenomenon where we perceive objects as unchanging despite changes in retinal image is known as _________ .
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The diminishing sensitivity to an unchanging stimulus is known as _________ .
The diminishing sensitivity to an unchanging stimulus is known as _________ .
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What part of the brain is severed in split-brain surgery?
What part of the brain is severed in split-brain surgery?
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Mary likes to have the TV on in the background when she knits. Mary hears the word "war" and immediately stops knitting to listen to the TV. What type of attention has Mary demonstrated?
Mary likes to have the TV on in the background when she knits. Mary hears the word "war" and immediately stops knitting to listen to the TV. What type of attention has Mary demonstrated?
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According to Freud, knowledge or memories that we can easily retrieve are located in the _________ ?
According to Freud, knowledge or memories that we can easily retrieve are located in the _________ ?
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A biological cycle, approximately 24 hours long, that regulates sleep and wakefulness is called the _________ .
A biological cycle, approximately 24 hours long, that regulates sleep and wakefulness is called the _________ .
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What is the corpus callosum responsible for?
What is the corpus callosum responsible for?
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I am utterly fixated on human sexuality. Who am I?
I am utterly fixated on human sexuality. Who am I?
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I believe children are genetically predisposed to learn language. Who am I?
I believe children are genetically predisposed to learn language. Who am I?
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I believe people have two types of intelligences – one that is based on knowledge accumulated over time and one that allows individuals to learn, navigate, and adapt to novel situations. Who am I?
I believe people have two types of intelligences – one that is based on knowledge accumulated over time and one that allows individuals to learn, navigate, and adapt to novel situations. Who am I?
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I like fooling people into thinking they're giving other people dangerous electric shocks. Who am I?
I like fooling people into thinking they're giving other people dangerous electric shocks. Who am I?
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I like helping French kids of varying intellectual ability find the right schools. Who am I?
I like helping French kids of varying intellectual ability find the right schools. Who am I?
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I believe that people are genuinely altruistic and DO sometimes help others for unselfish reasons. Who am I?
I believe that people are genuinely altruistic and DO sometimes help others for unselfish reasons. Who am I?
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Study Notes
Course Information
- Course name: Exploring Psychology: from Perception to Reality
- Course code: PY1102
- Week: 10
- Tutorial topic: Attitudes & Social Cognition
- Instructor: Dr. Sherry Aw
- University: James Cook University, Singapore
Tutorial Overview
- Task 1: Mystery Task (Part 1) - online quiz
- Task 2: Are You Ageist? - Implicit Association Test (IAT)
- Task 3: Mystery Task (Part 2) - online quiz
- Task 4: Revision Quiz - "Pub Quiz"
Task 1: Mystery Task
- Link to online quiz: https://forms.office.com/r/Pz7aRNKVN7
- Five questions to answer individually
Task 2: Are You Ageist?
- Implicit Association Test (IAT) to assess implicit attitudes towards age
- Link to IAT: https://implicit.harvard.edu/implicit/takeatest.html
Task 2: Questions
- What were the IAT results?
- How much did the results vary among group members?
- Are implicit and explicit attitudes generally correlated among group members?
- What exactly does the IAT measure?
- How is the IAT operationalised?
- Rationale for differences in the IAT
- How would explicit attitudes about young and old people be measured?
Task 2: Other Implicit Attitudes
- Questions about other implicit attitudes (e.g., rich vs. poor, obese vs. normal weight, Hispanic vs. Caucasian, LGBTQ+ vs. cisgender/straight)
Task 3: Mystery Task
- Link to online quiz: https://forms.office.com/r/26P3Gmbrik
- Five more questions to answer individually
- Results will be compared from the two surveys
Task 3: Mystery Phenomenon
- Phenomenon: Cognitive Dissonance
- Cognitive Dissonance arises from: inconsistencies between attitudes and behavior or attitudes and new information
Task 3: Resolving Cognitive Dissonance
- Working in groups to identify and describe at least two ways to resolve cognitive dissonance in one of the following areas:
- Poverty reduction.
- Tackling global warming.
- Water conservation.
- Piracy
- Use textbook and previous lecture slides for further information
Resolving Dissonance
- Strategies for resolving cognitive dissonance:
- Change behavior (attitude remains unchanged).
- Modify attitude(weakened or made more complex).
- Ignore the inconsistency (attitude and behavior remain unchanged).
Revision "Pub Quiz"
- Fun revision quiz
- One group per table
- No online devices allowed (no cheating)
- Answer sheet provided
Quiz Overview
- Multiple rounds covering different aspects of psychology.
Round 1: Thought & Language
- Question 1: refers to the rules for combining words into grammatically sensible sentences in a given language.
- Answer: Syntax
Round 2: Intelligence
- Question 1: Howard Gardner proposed the theory of Multiple Intelligences
- Question 2: Robert Sternberg's Theory of Intelligence
- Question 3: Psychometric perspective on intelligence
- Question 4: Heritability of intelligence
Round 3: Personality
- Question 1: The Humanistic perspective on personality focuses on the inherent goodness of people and their drive towards self actualization
- Question 2: Three parts of the Freudian model of the mind
- Question 3: Defense Mechanisms
- Question 4: Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
Round 4: Psychological Disorders and Treatments
- Question 1: Free Association
- Question 2: Biological perspective
- Question 3: Socio-cultural perspective
- Question 4: Schizophrenia
- Question 5: Systematic Desensitization
Round 5: Social Cognition
- Question 1: Fundamental Attribution Error (or actor-observer effect)
- Question 2: Persuasion(and routes to persuasion)
- Question 3: The central route of persuasion
- Question 4: Cognitive dissonance
- Question 5: The halo effect
Round 6: Interpersonal Processes
- Question 1: Social loafing
- Question 2: The bystander effect
- Question 3: Matching Hypothesis
- Question 4: Instrumental vs Hostile
Round 7: Sensation and Perception
- Question 1: Gestalt law of closure
- Question 2: Nociception
- Question 3: Sensory Thresholds (Absolute, difference)
- Question 4: Perceptual Constancy
- Question 5: Sensory Adaptation
Round 8: Consciousness
- Question 1: Corpus Callosum (in split-brain surgery)
- Question 2: Attention type (reflexive, involuntary, selective)
- Question 3: Preconscious (Freud)
- Question 4: Circadian Rhythm
- Question 5: Corpus Callosum responsibilities
Bonus Round: Who Am I?
- Six individuals and their respective psychological concepts or theories are presented for identification. The concepts include: Sigmund Freud (sexuality), Noam Chomsky (language development), Raymond Cattell (multiple intelligences), Stanley Milgram (social influence), Alfred Binet (intellectual development), and Daniel Batson (altruism).
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Description
Engage with the quizzes and tasks focused on attitudes and social cognition in this exciting week of the PY1102 course. Explore the Implicit Association Test to assess age-related attitudes and participate in a series of online quizzes to deepen your understanding. Reflect on your findings and discuss the implications of implicit versus explicit attitudes.
