Patho 4- Liver
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Questions and Answers

Which lobe of the liver is the largest?

  • Caudate lobe
  • Right lobe (correct)
  • Middle lobe
  • Left lobe
  • What percentage of blood supply to the liver is from the portal vein?

  • 55-65%
  • 25-35%
  • 35-45%
  • 75-85% (correct)
  • Which of the following is NOT a metabolic function of the liver?

  • Carbohydrate metabolism
  • Protein metabolism
  • Vitamin metabolism (correct)
  • Lipid metabolism
  • Which process involves the breakdown of fatty acids to ketones?

    <p>Ketogenesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT synthesized by the liver?

    <p>Insulin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a storage function of the liver?

    <p>Calcium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT excreted/secreted by the liver?

    <p>Insulin-like Growth Factor 1 (IGF-1)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which function of the liver involves the purification, transformation, and clearance of substances?

    <p>Protective function</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During which stage of pregnancy does the fetal liver produce red blood cells?

    <p>First trimester</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a component of bile secreted by the liver?

    <p>Urea</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a risk factor for gallstone disease?

    <p>Having a FXR mutation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common type of primary liver tumor in childhood?

    <p>Hepatoblastoma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a histologic stage of primary biliary cholangitis (PBC)?

    <p>Florid duct lesion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main cause of liver cysts?

    <p>Parasite infection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a feature of NASH?

    <p>Induction of cytochrome P4502E1</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism of ALD (Alcoholic Liver Disease) inflammation?

    <p>Activation of innate immunity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a characteristic of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)?

    <p>Trabeculae, cords, and nests formation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the first hit in the MASH/NASH two-hit theory?

    <p>Fat accumulation in the liver</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main cause of cholelithiasis (gallstones)?

    <p>Obesity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common type of primary liver cell carcinoma?

    <p>Hepatocellular carcinoma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a function of Kupffer cells in the liver?

    <p>Production of coagulation factors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which enzyme is an indicator of liver function and is released from damaged hepatocytes?

    <p>Alanine aminotransferase (ALT or SGPT)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a common cause of chronic liver injury?

    <p>Obesity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term is used to describe the combination of steatosis, inflammation, and hepatocyte ballooning in the liver?

    <p>Metabolic dysfunction associated steatohepatitis (MASH)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common cause of abnormal liver enzyme tests?

    <p>Fatty liver diseases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the estimated prevalence of liver steatosis in developed countries?

    <p>30-40%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the estimated prevalence of MASLD (metabolic dysfunction associated liver disease) in North America?

    <p>2-3%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the estimated prevalence of NASH with fibrosis in the United States?

    <p>2.1%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the estimated number of individuals in the United States with or will have NASH with fibrosis?

    <p>7,078,411</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the incidence of NASH patients added to the liver transplant waiting list in 2017?

    <p>1,728</p> Signup and view all the answers

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