Exploring Contact & Social Location
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Questions and Answers

According to the text, which level of moral development focuses on maintaining social order and conforming to avoid censure by authority?

  • Level Three Postconventional
  • Level Four Universal Ethical Principle
  • Level One Preconventional
  • Level Two Conventional (correct)

According to the text, which level of moral development emphasizes individual rights and recognizes that morally right and legally right may not always be the same?

  • Level One Preconventional
  • Level Four Universal Ethical Principle
  • Level Three Postconventional (correct)
  • Level Two Conventional

According to the text, what is the focus of prosocial behavior?

  • Refusing to give in to negative social power
  • Positive, constructive, and helpful behavior (correct)
  • Negative and destructive behavior
  • Unleashing worst behavior on others

According to the text, what does the Lucifer effect focus on?

<p>The exercise of power and its connection to evil (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT an external factor influencing social change?

<p>Culture and social values (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Malcolm Gladwell's book 'The Tipping Point', which of the following is NOT one of the three types of people responsible for getting ideas to tip?

<p>Innovators (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe a fundamental change in an individual's or society's view of how things work in the world?

<p>Paradigm shift (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of social change mentioned in the text?

<p>Gradual and stable (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Zimbardo, what factors can lead to a drastic and negative turn in people's actions?

<p>Giving people power and anonymity (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Eduard Spranger, what are the three basic characteristics of behaviors in teenagers?

<p>A shift in personality development, a kind of rebirth, and personal growth (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Leta Stetter Hollingworth, what is her view on the development from adolescence to adulthood?

<p>A gradual, continual, and calm development (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Kurt Lewin, what is the focus of the field theory of adolescence?

<p>The study of group behavior in adolescence (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the text, what is social location?

<p>The influence birth year has on an individual's consciousness (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the text, what are the four generational archetypes identified by William Strauss and Neil Howe?

<p>Prophet, Nomad, Hero, Artist (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the text, what is the role of adolescents in long-term social change?

<p>Adolescents' attitudes can predict future social trends (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the text, what is the meaning of social change?

<p>Transformation of cultural and social institutions over time (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the three ways psychologists try to understand the transformations in human character?

<p>Dispositional, situational, and systemic (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Milgram's study, what percentage of American citizens were estimated to go to the end and harm another individual under the pressure of authority?

<p>1% (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the seven social processes that grease the slippery slope to evil, according to the text?

<p>Mindless taking the first small step, dehumanization of others, de-individuation of self, diffusion of personal responsibility, blind obedience to authority, uncritical conformity to group norms, and passive tolerance of evil through inaction or indifference (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the antidote to evil, according to the text?

<p>Heroism (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes cognitive dissonance?

<p>The state of having inconsistent beliefs or attitudes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of science according to the text?

<p>To overcome bias and be more objective (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of memory in cognitive dissonance?

<p>Memory helps in piecing together snippets of a memory (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of cognitive dissonance and confirmation bias according to the text?

<p>They can cause anger, rage, and wars (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the bias blind spot?

<p>The tendency to see ourselves as less biased than others (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the text, what is cognitive dissonance?

<p>The state of having inconsistent beliefs/attitudes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the text, what is confirmation bias?

<p>The tendency to seek confirming evidence of our beliefs (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the text, what is the role of science in overcoming bias?

<p>Science helps us use our brains more effectively (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the text, what can cognitive dissonance cause?

<p>Horrible negative feelings, anxiety or anger (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the text, what is the main purpose of science?

<p>To add tiny increments in a pool of knowledge (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the text, what is cognitive dissonance?

<p>According to the text, cognitive dissonance refers to the state of having inconsistent beliefs or attitudes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the text, what is confirmation bias?

<p>According to the text, confirmation bias refers to the tendency to seek confirming evidence of our beliefs and to disregard or minimize the impact of contrary evidence.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the effects of cognitive dissonance, according to the text?

<p>According to the text, cognitive dissonance can cause negative feelings, anxiety, or anger within the brain. It can also lead to irrational behaviors and allow us to protect our self-concept.</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the text, what is the main purpose of science?

<p>According to the text, the main purpose of science is to overcome bias by being transparent about how conclusions are reached. It is a process that helps us use our brains more effectively.</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the text, how can science compensate for cognitive dissonance and confirmation bias?

<p>According to the text, science compensates for cognitive dissonance and confirmation bias by using the scientific method, which involves being transparent about the process of reaching conclusions and seeking to overcome bias.</p> Signup and view all the answers

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