Experimental Research Design Quiz

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Questions and Answers

Which type of quantitative research design involves the manipulation of independent variables?

Descriptive forms

Survey forms

Quasi-experimental forms

Experimental forms (correct)

Quasi-experimental designs include random assignment of participants to treatment groups.

False

What is the main advantage of experimental designs over quasi-experimental and descriptive forms?

The ability to manipulate independent variables.

The process of assigning participants to treatment and control groups is known as _____ assignment.

random Signup and view all the answers

Match the following research designs with their characteristics:

Experimental forms = Manipulation of independent variables Quasi-experimental forms = No random assignment Descriptive forms = Observation without manipulation Survey forms = Collection of self-reported data Signup and view all the answers

What is a manipulation check?

A verification of the independent variable manipulation Signup and view all the answers

Descriptive research designs are used to establish cause-and-effect relationships.

False Signup and view all the answers

Explain the role of independent variables in experimental research.

Independent variables are manipulated by the researcher to observe their effect on the dependent variable. Signup and view all the answers

What was the independent variable in the research study?

Public campaign appearance Signup and view all the answers

Participants who had been part of the race relations program longer had more negative attitudes toward race relations.

False Signup and view all the answers

What was the dependent variable in the study?

Number of news stories Signup and view all the answers

The participants were familiar with the __________ in which the research was conducted.

environment Signup and view all the answers

What effect did the campaign visits have according to the researchers?

Increased news coverage Signup and view all the answers

After the governor's visit, local news coverage was less frequent.

False Signup and view all the answers

Match the following terms to their descriptions:

Independent variable = Public campaign appearance Dependent variable = Number of news stories Field experiments = Research in a natural environment Volunteer sign-ups = Increased after campaign appearance Signup and view all the answers

How many volunteer sign-ups were recorded before the campaign appearance?

2.6 Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of manipulation in an experiment?

To vary the type or level of stimuli presented Signup and view all the answers

Experiments can only test hypotheses that predict differences between groups.

False Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of random assignment in an experiment?

To control for confounding variables by assigning participants randomly to groups. Signup and view all the answers

A study that uses __________ allows researchers to test differences and relationships among variables.

experimentation Signup and view all the answers

Match the following elements of an experiment to their definitions:

Independent Variable = The variable manipulated by the researcher Dependent Variable = The outcome measured by the researcher Difference Hypothesis = A hypothesis predicting differences between groups Relational Hypothesis = A hypothesis predicting relationships between variables Signup and view all the answers

What type of environment do many communication laboratories attempt to simulate?

Comfortable interaction environments Signup and view all the answers

One-way mirrors in communication laboratories allow participants to see researchers.

False Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of a setting designed for communication research?

A living room, waiting area, or a computer lab. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of researchers conducting experimental research?

To establish or explain changes in behavior, feelings, or attitudes Signup and view all the answers

An independent variable is the one being measured in an experiment.

False Signup and view all the answers

What must occur before a change can be attributed to a cause in experimental research?

The causal agent must precede the change. Signup and view all the answers

A lab experiment is typically conducted within a limited time _____.

frame Signup and view all the answers

Match the research components with their definitions:

Independent Variable = The variable that is manipulated Dependent Variable = The variable that is measured Temporal Component = Refers to the order in which events occur Comparison Groups = Used to establish differences between conditions Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of experimental research?

Use of qualitative data Signup and view all the answers

Two laboratory experiments were conducted in this study: one to create real instances of truth and deception, and the other to study their influences.

True Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of having comparison groups in an experiment?

To establish differences between conditions. Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary characteristic of quasi-experimental designs?

They use differences that exist naturally. Signup and view all the answers

Descriptive research can provide explanations for the differences it identifies.

False Signup and view all the answers

What is a descriptive research question example mentioned in the content?

What politeness strategies do individuals report using in this context? Signup and view all the answers

A well-designed quasi-experiment helps demonstrate that rival __________ are implausible.

interpretations Signup and view all the answers

Match the following types of research designs with their characteristics:

Quasi-experimental = Natural differences, no random assignment Descriptive = Systematic observation without causal inference Cross-sectional = Data collected at a single point in time Experimental = Manipulation of variables with random assignment Signup and view all the answers

Which statement correctly describes the limitations of quasi-experimental designs?

They may not ensure group equivalency. Signup and view all the answers

Quasi-experimental designs can infer causal relationships between variables.

False Signup and view all the answers

What is one way researchers can strengthen the validity of a quasi-experiment?

By collecting data on other variables that could confound the results. Signup and view all the answers

What is a recommended action to overcome researcher expectancy bias?

Use individuals who did not design the study to conduct the experiment Signup and view all the answers

Familiarity between researchers and participants does not influence data collection.

False Signup and view all the answers

What should be documented if pre-testing a research design leads to changes?

The changes made to the protocol Signup and view all the answers

The standardization of how researchers and their assistants interact with participants ensures more _______.

control Signup and view all the answers

Why do researchers often turn to quasi-experimental designs?

Practical limitations of experimental designs Signup and view all the answers

Match the research design with its characteristic:

Experimental research = Most powerful for quantifying relationships Quasi-experimental = Used when experimental conditions are impractical Descriptive research = Focuses on observing and describing phenomena Field study = Conducted in a real-world setting Signup and view all the answers

All research reports must indicate that the study facilitator was blind to the research hypotheses.

False Signup and view all the answers

Participants who are similar to research participants should _______ the online study before it is deployed.

test Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Quantitative Research Designs

Three types of quantitative research design exist: experimental, quasi-experimental, and descriptive.
Experimental designs manipulate independent variables and use random assignment of participants to conditions.
Quasi-experimental designs manipulate independent variables but do not use random assignment.
Descriptive designs observe existing variables and do not manipulate any.
Manipulation checks verify participants' perception of independent variables.
Random assignment ensures groups are equivalent before treatment.
The classical experiment involves manipulation, random assignment, and measurement of the dependent variable after the independent variable.
Post-test only designs measure the dependent variable only after exposure to the independent variable.
Pretest-posttest designs measure the dependent variable before and after the independent variable.
Factorial designs examine multiple independent variables simultaneously.
Longitudinal designs measure the dependent variable over time.
Online experiments can improve access and efficiency.
Researcher effects (expectancy bias and demand characteristics) can influence participant behavior.
Quasi-experimental designs allow research in situations where random assignment is infeasible.
Descriptive designs are used to make observations about existing relationships and do not involve manipulation or control groups..
Researcher effects, while inherent in any research method, are particularly pertinent to longitudinal and quasi-experimental studies.

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Test your knowledge on experimental research designs and their characteristics with this quiz. From independent variables to manipulation checks, delve into the intricacies of quantitative research methods and understand how they differ from quasi-experimental designs. Perfect for students exploring research methodologies!

Experimental Research Design Quiz

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Podcast

Questions and Answers

Which type of quantitative research design involves the manipulation of independent variables?

Quasi-experimental designs include random assignment of participants to treatment groups.

What is the main advantage of experimental designs over quasi-experimental and descriptive forms?

The process of assigning participants to treatment and control groups is known as _____ assignment.

Match the following research designs with their characteristics:

What is a manipulation check?

Descriptive research designs are used to establish cause-and-effect relationships.

Explain the role of independent variables in experimental research.

What was the independent variable in the research study?

Participants who had been part of the race relations program longer had more negative attitudes toward race relations.

What was the dependent variable in the study?

The participants were familiar with the __________ in which the research was conducted.

What effect did the campaign visits have according to the researchers?

After the governor's visit, local news coverage was less frequent.

Match the following terms to their descriptions:

How many volunteer sign-ups were recorded before the campaign appearance?

What is the primary purpose of manipulation in an experiment?

Experiments can only test hypotheses that predict differences between groups.

What is the role of random assignment in an experiment?

A study that uses __________ allows researchers to test differences and relationships among variables.

Match the following elements of an experiment to their definitions:

What type of environment do many communication laboratories attempt to simulate?

One-way mirrors in communication laboratories allow participants to see researchers.

What is an example of a setting designed for communication research?

What is the primary goal of researchers conducting experimental research?

An independent variable is the one being measured in an experiment.

What must occur before a change can be attributed to a cause in experimental research?

A lab experiment is typically conducted within a limited time _____.

Match the research components with their definitions:

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of experimental research?

Two laboratory experiments were conducted in this study: one to create real instances of truth and deception, and the other to study their influences.

What is the purpose of having comparison groups in an experiment?

What is a primary characteristic of quasi-experimental designs?

Descriptive research can provide explanations for the differences it identifies.

What is a descriptive research question example mentioned in the content?

A well-designed quasi-experiment helps demonstrate that rival __________ are implausible.

Match the following types of research designs with their characteristics:

Which statement correctly describes the limitations of quasi-experimental designs?

Quasi-experimental designs can infer causal relationships between variables.

What is one way researchers can strengthen the validity of a quasi-experiment?

What is a recommended action to overcome researcher expectancy bias?

Familiarity between researchers and participants does not influence data collection.

What should be documented if pre-testing a research design leads to changes?

The standardization of how researchers and their assistants interact with participants ensures more _______.

Why do researchers often turn to quasi-experimental designs?

Match the research design with its characteristic:

All research reports must indicate that the study facilitator was blind to the research hypotheses.

Participants who are similar to research participants should _______ the online study before it is deployed.

Study Notes

Quantitative Research Designs

Studying That Suits You

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