Expanding English Vocabulary Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What are some ways to make new English words besides affixation?

Borrowing from other languages, blending, clipping, conversion, back-formation, eponyms, and reduplication.

What is a calque?

A word borrowed from one language to another by translating each individual element.

What is an example of a calque?

Beer garden (from German Biergarten).

What is a portmanteau word?

<p>A word formed by blending two separate words.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of a portmanteau word?

<p>Motel (hotel + motor).</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is clipping?

<p>The process of shortening a word by making a change in its lexical form while keeping the same meaning.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of clipping?

<p>Ad (from advertisement) or CD (from compact disc).</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is back-formation?

<p>The word formation process in which an actual or supposed derivational affix detaches from the base form of a word to create a new word.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of back-formation?

<p>To televise (from television) or to edit (from editor).</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are some examples of newly coined words that turn out to have existed before?

<p>hobbit was a small basket for carrying seeds and a local measure of grain in North Wales.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are nonce words?

<p>New words formed through any number of aforementioned word formation processes with the resulting word meeting a lexical need that is not expected to recur.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to nonce formations if they come to be adopted by the community?

<p>They cease, by definition, to be ‘nonce’ and become neologisms.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Can a speaker/writer ever know whether a nonce word will become a neologism?

<p>No, at the point of utterance no speaker/writer ever knows whether a nonce word will become a neologism.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did Dr. Seuss create a word for?

<p>To characterise his small comic figure a nerd to denote an 'insignificant, foolish, or socially inept person.'</p> Signup and view all the answers

Has the word nerd become commonly used and understood in English?

<p>Yes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are invented trade names for commercial products that become general terms called?

<p>Coining.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of a coined term that became a general term?

<p>Aspirin.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is another example of a coined term that became a general term?

<p>Xerox.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Apart from affixation, there are other ways to ______ new English words

<p>make</p> Signup and view all the answers

A word can be borrowed from another language, also known as a ______

<p>loanword</p> Signup and view all the answers

When a word is translated from one language to another it is called a ______

<p>calque</p> Signup and view all the answers

When two separate words are blended together to create a new word, it is called a ______

<p>portmanteau</p> Signup and view all the answers

A shortened form of a word, while keeping the same meaning, is called ______

<p>clipping</p> Signup and view all the answers

When a word is converted from one class to another, it is called ______

<p>zero-derivation</p> Signup and view all the answers

When an actual or supposed derivational affix detaches from the base form of a word to create a new word, it is called ______

<p>back-formation</p> Signup and view all the answers

When a new word is formed from the name of a real or fictitious person, it is called an ______

<p>eponym</p> Signup and view all the answers

When we repeat a morpheme to make a new word, it is called ______

<p>reduplication</p> Signup and view all the answers

A hobbit was a small basket for carrying seeds and a local measure of grain in ______

<p>North Wales</p> Signup and view all the answers

Nonce formations have occasionally come to be adopted by the community – in which case they cease, by definition, to be ‘nonce’ and become ______.

<p>neologisms</p> Signup and view all the answers

Dr. Seuss created a word to characterise his small comic figure a ______ to denote an 'insignificant, foolish, or socially inept person.'

<p>nerd</p> Signup and view all the answers

Newly coined words also often turn out to have existed ______.

<p>before</p> Signup and view all the answers

A nonce word is a linguistic form which a speaker spontaneously invents on a single ______.

<p>occasion</p> Signup and view all the answers

The most typical sources or coining are invented trade names for commercial products that become general terms (aspirin, xerox, kleenex). Newly coined words also often turn out to have existed ______.

<p>before</p> Signup and view all the answers

A ______ word is a new word that is formed through any number of word formation processes and meets a lexical need that is not expected to recur.

<p>nonce</p> Signup and view all the answers

Of course at the point of utterance no speaker/writer ever knows whether a nonce word will become a ______.

<p>neologism</p> Signup and view all the answers

Today the word ______ is commonly used and understood in English.

<p>nerd</p> Signup and view all the answers

Nonce words are expected to recur in future language use.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

A newly coined word can never have existed before.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

A neologism is a word that has never been used before.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

Portmanteau words are formed by blending two or more words together.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

Back-formation is the creation of a new word by removing an affix from an existing word.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

All nonce formations eventually become neologisms.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

Invented trade names that become general terms are also known as eponyms.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

Calques are words borrowed from another language and translated literally.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

The word 'nerd' was first used by Dr. Seuss to describe a character in one of his books.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

Is it common for words to be fully invented in the English language?

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

A calque is a word borrowed from another language and translated to another, true or false?

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

Is back-formation the word formation process in which a derivational affix attaches to the base form of a word to create a new word?

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

Is zero-derivation the word formation process in which a word is converted from one class to another, true or false?

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

Is reduplication the word formation process in which two separate words are blended together to create a new word?

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

Is it true that newly coined words often turn out to have existed before?

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

Is it possible for a speaker/writer to know whether a nonce word will become a neologism?

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

Is it true that coining new words from scratch is more likely to spread among the language community than borrowing or blending words?

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

Is it possible for a morpheme to be repeated to create a new word through the process of portmanteau?

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the word formation process in which a new word is formed from the name of a real or fictitious person?

<p>Eponym</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the word formation process in which a change is made to the lexical form of a word but the meaning remains the same?

<p>Clipping</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used for blending two separate words to create a new word?

<p>Portmanteau</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used for borrowing a word from another language and translating it literally?

<p>Calque</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the word formation process in which a new word is created by repeating a morpheme?

<p>Reduplication</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used for the word formation process in which a new word is created by removing an affix from an existing word?

<p>Back-formation</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used for the word formation process in which a word is converted from one class to another?

<p>Zero-derivation</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used for a newly coined word that becomes commonly used in the English language?

<p>Neologism</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used for a word that is borrowed from another language without being translated?

<p>Zero-derivation</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of a neologism?

<p>A newly coined word that turns out to have existed before.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a nonce word?

<p>A linguistic form which a speaker spontaneously invents on a single occasion.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of a nonce word that has become a neologism?

<p>Nerd</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between a nonce word and a neologism?

<p>A nonce word is a new word that is formed through any number of word formation processes and meets a lexical need that is not expected to recur, while a neologism is a newly coined word that turns out to have existed before.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the process of back-formation?

<p>The creation of a new word by removing an affix from an existing word.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of a coined term that became a general term?

<p>Hobbit</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of a nonce formation?

<p>A new word that is formed through any number of word formation processes and meets a lexical need that is not expected to recur.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to a nonce formation if it is adopted by the community?

<p>It ceases to be a nonce formation and becomes a coined term.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a calque?

<p>A word borrowed from another language and translated literally.</p> Signup and view all the answers

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