COPY: Exogenic Processes in Geology

Weathering, erosion, mass wasting, and deposition.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Heat energy is the result of the movement of tiny particles called atoms, molecules, or ions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Primordial heat is the internal heat energy accumulated by dissipation during the first few million years of a planet's evolution.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Radiogenic heat is the thermal energy released due to the spontaneous nuclear disintegration of naturally occurring radioactive elements like Uranium, Thorium, and Potassium.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Conduction is the transfer of heat energy between particles of objects in direct contact.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Radiation is the transfer of heat energy through electromagnetic waves.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Subduction is a process where the collision of Earth's crustal plates results in one plate being drawn down or overridden by another.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Magmatism is the process of magma formation and movement within the Earth's crust and upper mantle.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Plutonism refers to the igneous processes that occur below the Earth's surface.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A magma chamber is a large underground pool of molten rock located beneath a volcano.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Metamorphism is a process that changes the mineral composition and texture of rocks without melting them.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Folds are geological structures formed when rocks experience compression and deform plastically, leading to bending of the rock layers.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A fault is a fracture in the Earth's crust where there is a displacement of rocks on either side of the fracture line.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Seafloor spreading occurs when new oceanic crust is created at mid-ocean ridges, pushing older crust away from the spreading center. This process is driven by convection currents in the Earth's mantle.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ocean basins typically include continental shelves, continental slopes, continental rises, abyssal plains, islands, seamounts, trenches, and mid-ocean ridges.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The three types of plate boundaries are convergent, divergent, and transform boundaries.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>At a convergent plate boundary, two plates collide, leading to either subduction, where one plate slides beneath the other, or to mountain building, where the plates buckle and uplift the crust.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>At a transform plate boundary, two plates slide horizontally past each other, causing earthquakes but not creating or destroying crust.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Stratigraphy is a branch of geology that focuses on the study of stratified rocks, including their description, correlation, and interpretation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A stratigraphic law is a principle that guides geologists in understanding the relationships between rock layers.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The Law of Original Horizontality states that sedimentary layers are initially deposited in horizontal layers.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The Law of Superposition states that in an undisturbed sequence of rock layers, the oldest layer is at the bottom, and each successive layer is younger than the one below it.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The Law of Cross-Cutting Relationships states that any geological feature or rock body that cuts across another is younger than the feature it cuts across.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>An unconformity is a surface within a sequence of rock layers that represents a missing interval of geological time.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Correlation in geology is the process of demonstrating that rocks or geologic events occurring at different locations are of the same age.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The two main methods for determining relative age are stratigraphy and biostratigraphy.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Absolute dating is a method used to determine the numerical age of rocks and fossils using radioactive isotopes or other techniques.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Half-life is the time taken for the radioactivity of a specified isotope to decay to half of its original value.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The three main eras are Paleozoic, Mesozoic, and Cenozoic.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers