Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which of the following is a component of the peripheral nervous system?
Which of the following is a component of the peripheral nervous system?
What type of neuron carries electrical impulses away from the brain and spinal cord?
What type of neuron carries electrical impulses away from the brain and spinal cord?
Which part of the nervous system controls voluntary movements?
Which part of the nervous system controls voluntary movements?
Which of the following is NOT a function of the sympathetic nervous system?
Which of the following is NOT a function of the sympathetic nervous system?
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What is the main function of the parasympathetic nervous system?
What is the main function of the parasympathetic nervous system?
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Which of the following is a 'hope' molecule released by muscles during exercise?
Which of the following is a 'hope' molecule released by muscles during exercise?
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What is the primary benefit of exercise for the brain?
What is the primary benefit of exercise for the brain?
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Which of the following best describes the role of the nervous system in exercise?
Which of the following best describes the role of the nervous system in exercise?
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Which of the following statements accurately reflects the relationship between the nervous system and exercise?
Which of the following statements accurately reflects the relationship between the nervous system and exercise?
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What is the primary function of the Autonomic Nervous System (ANS)?
What is the primary function of the Autonomic Nervous System (ANS)?
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Flashcards
Nervous System
Nervous System
Primary control center for quick responses in the body, including voluntary and involuntary actions.
Central Nervous System (CNS)
Central Nervous System (CNS)
Comprises the brain and spinal cord; responsible for processing information.
Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)
Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)
The part of the nervous system that includes all nerves outside the CNS.
Afferent Neurons
Afferent Neurons
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Efferent Neurons
Efferent Neurons
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Somatic Nervous System
Somatic Nervous System
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Autonomic Nervous System
Autonomic Nervous System
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Sympathetic Nervous System
Sympathetic Nervous System
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Parasympathetic Nervous System
Parasympathetic Nervous System
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Myokines
Myokines
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Study Notes
Nervous System Overview
- The nervous system is one of two primary control centers in the body, the other being the endocrine system
- It's a rapid system, acting in fractions of a second
- It controls both voluntary and involuntary actions
- It's an electrical system
Central and Peripheral Components
- Central Nervous System (CNS): Consists of the brain and spinal cord
- Peripheral Nervous System (PNS): Includes neurons, motor end plates, and sensory receptors on sensory organs
Autonomic Nervous System
- This part of the PNS is broken down into sympathetic and parasympathetic systems
- These systems regulate involuntary actions
Afferent and Efferent Neurons
- Afferent neurons (Sensory): Carry impulses toward the brain and spinal cord
- Efferent neurons (Motor): Carry impulses away from the brain and spinal cord
Somatic and Autonomic Systems
- Somatic nervous system: Controls voluntary actions
- Autonomic nervous system: Regulates involuntary actions
Peripheral Nervous System Details
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Sensory (afferent): The sensory input from your body—skin, pain, heat, cold, vibration, etc
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Motor (efferent): The system that tells your body what to do
- Voluntary (somatic): Controls voluntary movement
- Involuntary (autonomic): Controls involuntary functions
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Motor neurons connect to skeletal muscle to perform actions like movement and locomotion
Autonomic Nervous System (ANS)
- A component of the motor PNS; sometimes called the visceral component
- Controls smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, and glands
- The heart beats approximately 100 bpm without any input
- The system has sympathetic and parasympathetic components continuously active
- Sympathetic: Fight-or-flight response; increased heart rate, dilated pupils, etc.
- Parasympathetic: Rest-and-digest response; decreased heart rate, constricted pupils, etc.
Nervous System and Exercise
- Afferent neurons provide sensory and visceral information to the CNS
- The CNS controls cardiovascular, respiratory, and digestive systems
- The brain controls skeletal muscle movement through the somatic nervous system
- The system maintains balance, regulates temperature, thirst, urination and appetite
- The brain controls voluntary actions, thinking, memory, and more
- The nervous system is crucial for coordinating and responding to physical activity.
Neurological Disorders and Exercise
- Exercise has been shown to be beneficial for various neurological disorders (e.g., Alzheimer's disease, stroke).
Your Brain on Exercise
- Exercise releases endorphins (feel-good hormones)
- Endorphins can act as anti-depressants for some people (the "runner's high")
- Myokines, released by skeletal muscles during exercise, cross the blood-brain barrier and have positive effects on other body parts.
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Description
Test your knowledge on how the nervous system interacts with physical activity in this engaging quiz. Explore concepts such as the peripheral nervous system, types of neurons, and the effects of exercise on brain function. Assess your understanding of both the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions of the autonomic nervous system.
