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Questions and Answers
Which of the following options best describes metabolism of substrates immediately after exercise lasting 7 seconds?
Which of the following options best describes metabolism of substrates immediately after exercise lasting 7 seconds?
- Glycogen is the primary substrate used in this early phase of exercise as glycogenolysis will liberate glucose for easy metabolism.
- A combination of fat oxidation and glucose metabolism (anaerobic glycolysis and minimal oxidation) occurs as ATP and PCr stores dissipate - glucose metabolism is the primary physiological process during this stage of exercise. (correct)
- Fat oxidation as oxidation of this substrate provides the most amount of energy
- ATP and Phosphocreatine are the sole substrates used during this early stage of exercise as they are readily available or only require a single reaction to liberate ATP (respectively).
Pyruvate Dehydrogenase is considered an important enzyme in skeletal muscle metabolism during exercise. Which of the following statements is true regarding the enzyme's activation?
Pyruvate Dehydrogenase is considered an important enzyme in skeletal muscle metabolism during exercise. Which of the following statements is true regarding the enzyme's activation?
- Changes in the ATP:ADP ratio results in activation of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase which activates pyruvate dehydrogenase
- Pyruvate dehydrogenase is activated directly by a reduction in calcium concentration as calcium is used up in cross-bridge cycling
- It is activated indirectly by calcium concentration increase during skeletal muscle contraction, which results in phosphorylation of pyruvate dehydrogenase.
- Pyruvate dehydrogenase is active in it's dephosphorylated form which occurs through activation of Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Phosphatase. (correct)
Which of the following accurately describes fuel selection during exercise?
Which of the following accurately describes fuel selection during exercise?
- Glycogen is a primary fuel source during high intensity, longer duration exercise (correct)
- Anaerobic metabolism is unlikely to contribute to ATP production after the first 7 minutes of exercise
- Aerobic metabolism is the primary source of ATP during the first few seconds of exercise
- The body preferentially oxidises fat during high intensity exercise
Which of the following IS NOT an accurate description of how Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) affect physiology
Which of the following IS NOT an accurate description of how Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) affect physiology
Which of the following accurately describes a process by which the body regulates mitochondrial mass?
Which of the following accurately describes a process by which the body regulates mitochondrial mass?
Which of the following is NOT a response to exercising in the heat?
Which of the following is NOT a response to exercising in the heat?
In terms of acclimatisation to hotter environments, when would you expect exercise capacity adaptations to plateau out
In terms of acclimatisation to hotter environments, when would you expect exercise capacity adaptations to plateau out
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Study Notes
Exercise Metabolism and Adaptations
- During aerobic metabolism, _______________________ (complete the sentence).
Neural Adaptations to Exercise
- A neural adaptation to exercise is _______________________________________.
Exercise and Bone
- Exercise affects bone by ______________________________________________.
Reduction in VO2 Max
- After long periods of inactivity, VO2 max is reduced due to __________________________________.
Cardiovascular Adaptations
- The cardiovascular system adapts to exercise in response to stimuli such as ______________________________________________.
Exercise in Children and Adolescents
- In children or adolescents, exercise is characterized by ______________________________________________.
Obesity and Exercise Metabolism
- Regarding obesity and exercise metabolism, it is true that ______________________________________________.
Endurance Training Adaptations
- A key adaptation to training in endurance athletes is preferential metabolism of fats over carbohydrates because ______________________________________________.
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