Questions and Answers
What is the duration of the term served by the President and the Vice President?
Who assumes the responsibilities of the President and Vice President in case of their death, disability, or resignation?
What is referred to as the act of postponement of the execution of a death sentence?
According to the provisions outlined, who is prohibited from being appointed to certain government positions during the President's tenure?
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What power allows the President to alter or modify actions of subordinate officers?
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What does 'tenure of office' specifically refer to?
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What is the definition of 'commutation' in the context of judicial powers?
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Which individual is given control over all executive departments, bureaus, and offices?
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What is the primary purpose of an amnesty granted by a sovereign power?
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Which section of the constitution allows the President to address Congress at the opening of its regular session?
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What type of presidential act provides for rules of a general or permanent character?
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Which power is responsible for allowing the President of the Philippines to determine the exercise of eminent domain?
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What is the function of administrative orders issued by the President?
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Which of the following is not a form of presidential issuance mentioned in the content?
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What is the President of the Philippines empowered to do with respect to alien individuals?
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The Judicial Power applies laws to disputes concerning which of the following?
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Study Notes
Executive Department Overview
- The Executive Department comprises a significant part of a country's bureaucracy.
- The President and Vice President are elected via direct popular vote and serve a term of 6 years.
- They are responsible for administering and enforcing laws using executive power.
Leadership and Succession
- The Vice President is mandated by Section 3 of the constitution.
- Term of Office: the period during which an official holds their position as a right.
- Tenure of Office: the duration for which the incumbent maintains the role.
- In the event of death, disability, or resignation of both the President and Vice President, the Senate President assumes leadership.
Appointment and Restrictions
- If there is a vacancy in the Vice Presidency, the President nominates a successor from the Senate or House of Representatives.
- Section 13 prohibits the President, Vice President, and Cabinet members from engaging in other professions or having financial interests in government contracts.
- Spouses and relatives of the President within the fourth degree of kinship are barred from constitutional commission appointments or heads of bureaus during his term.
Presidential Powers
- The President has control over all executive departments, ensuring laws are faithfully executed (Section 17).
- Control Power: the President can alter, modify, or set aside actions of subordinate officers and is authorized to supervise and remove those who err.
- The President is recognized as Commander-in-Chief of the armed forces of the Philippines according to Section 18.
Executive Clemency Powers
- Reprieve: Postponement of a death sentence.
- Commutation: Reduction of a sentence to a lesser punishment.
- Pardon: Exemption from punishment for a committed crime.
- Remission: Condonation of financial obligations related to an offense.
- Amnesty: General pardon for past offenses, typically for political crimes.
Legislative Interaction
- The President is required to address Congress at the beginning of each regular session (Section 23).
- The President informs Congress about the "state of the nation" and can recommend measures to the legislature.
Framework of Powers
- The President's powers are further detailed in Executive Order No. 292, s. 1987, known as the Administrative Code of 1987.
- Power of Control: Mandate over all executive branches, departments, and offices.
- Ordinance Power: Authority to issue executive orders that streamline policies.
- Executive Orders: Rules providing for the execution of constitutional or statutory powers.
- Administrative Orders: President’s directives focusing on specific government functions.
- Proclamations: Official declarations regarding dates or conditions of public significance.
- Memorandum Orders: Administrative details concerning specific officers or government offices.
Additional Powers
- The President exercises certain powers over non-Filipinos in the country.
- Power of Eminent Domain: Authority to determine when to exercise this power for national government interests.
- Power to Direct Escheat: Mandate to address lands transferred to disqualified individuals under the constitution.
Judicial Context
- Judicial Power consists of applying laws to disputes between the state and private individuals.
- The Judiciary is responsible for interpreting and enforcing laws within the constitutional framework.
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Description
This quiz explores the structure and functions of the executive department of the government, focusing on the roles of the President and Vice President. It highlights key concepts such as executive power, term of office, and tenure of office. Test your knowledge and understanding of how the executive branch operates within the bureaucracy.
