Evolutionary Theory Matching Quiz

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Match the scientist with their contributions to evolutionary theory:

Cuvier = Developed the science of paleontology Lyell = Proposed uniformitarianism Lamarck = Created line of descent theories Darwin = Incorporated survival of the fittest

Match the type of natural selection with its description:

Stabilizing Selection = Favours intermediate variations Directional Selection = Favors one extreme phenotype Disruptive Selection = Favours extreme phenotypes over intermediates Sexual Selection = Favors traits that enhance mating success

Match the mechanisms of evolution with their definitions:

Natural Selection = Change in allele frequencies due to survival advantages Genetic Mutation = Spontaneous changes in DNA that create new alleles Gene Flow = Movement of alleles between populations Genetic Drift = Random changes in allele frequencies in small populations

Match the discovery with the corresponding individual:

Mary Anning = First remains of a plesiosaur Malthus = Influenced Darwin with ideas on survival Wallace = Independently discovered evolution Cuvier = Proposed catastrophism theory Signup and view all the answers

Match the evolutionary concept with its appropriate feature:

Line of Descent = Arranged species by similarities and differences Survival of the Fittest = Mechanism for change observed in populations Fossils = Preserved remains of once-living organisms Biodiversity = Observed variation in species on different islands Signup and view all the answers

Match the type of fossil study with its respective characteristic:

Strata analysis = Studying rock layers to understand life history Paleontology = Study of ancient life through fossils Fossilization = Process of preserving biological remains Catastrophism = Theory explaining mass extinction events Signup and view all the answers

Match the following organisms with their significant trait adaptations:

Darwin's Finches = Beak shape adapted to food sources Plesiosaur = Aquatic reptile discovery by Anning Galapagos Tortoises = Shell shape varies by island Peppered Moth = Color adaptation based on environment Signup and view all the answers

Match the environmental factor with its effect on evolution:

Food Availability = Drive beak shape diversity in finches Habitat destruction = Cause of species extinction Climate change = Influence genetic drift and selection Predation pressure = Shapes traits through natural selection Signup and view all the answers

Match the following concepts with their definitions:

Variation = Any genetic differences between individuals in a population Adaptation = A genetic difference that helps an organism survive and reproduce Microevolution = Changes on a small scale within one species Macroevolution = Changes on a large scale involving more than one species Signup and view all the answers

Match the types of adaptations with their examples:

Structural adaptation = Physical features like a snake's rattle Behavioural adaptation = The way a fox snake vibrates its tail Physiological adaptation = Using the environment to maintain body temperature None = An example of adaptation not defined in the options Signup and view all the answers

Match the following species with their relatedness based on DNA sequences:

Dogs = Related to bears Humans = Related to chimpanzees Lice = Related to humans' loss of body hair Guppies = Experimented on by John Endler Signup and view all the answers

Match the types of selection with their descriptions:

Sexual selection = Females favor colorful males for breeding Natural selection = Predators target bright individuals Artificial selection = Humans selecting favorable traits Environmental selection = Changes in population traits due to predators Signup and view all the answers

Match the evolutionary processes with their scales:

Microevolution = Involves genetic changes within a single species Macroevolution = Involves genetic changes across multiple species Artificial selection = Humans influence the traits of organisms Natural selection = Species adapt to survive in their environments Signup and view all the answers

Match the following types of respiration with their descriptions:

External Respiration = Exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between lungs and blood Internal Respiration = Exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between tissues and blood Inhalation = Process of moving oxygen-rich air into the lungs Exhalation = Process of moving carbon dioxide-rich air away from the lungs Signup and view all the answers

Match the following evidence of evolution with their examples:

Mitochondrial DNA = Tracks maternal lineage DNA sequence similarity = Indicates species relatedness Guppie experiment = Shows sexual and environmental selection Lice evolution = Reflects human changes over time Signup and view all the answers

Match the following respiratory muscles with their roles in ventilation:

Diaphragm = Contracts to increase the volume of the thoracic cavity during inhalation External Intercostal = Contracts to pull the rib cage up and out during inhalation Internal Intercostal = Contracts to pull the rib cage down and in during exhalation Lung Volume Change = Result of diaphragm and intercostal muscle contractions during ventilation Signup and view all the answers

Match the types of adaptations with their characteristics:

Structural = Physical features of organisms Behavioural = Actions or patterns of organisms Physiological = Internal mechanisms for survival Compiled = A blend of the previous adaptations Signup and view all the answers

Match the researchers with their contributions to evolutionary studies:

John Endler = Guppie color trial experiment Charles Darwin = Principles of natural selection Gregor Mendel = Foundations of genetics Thomas Malthus = Influence on population concepts in evolution Signup and view all the answers

Match the following gas exchange mechanisms with their locations:

Lungs = Site of external respiration where gas exchange occurs with blood Tissues = Site of internal respiration where gas exchange occurs with cells Red Blood Cells = Transport oxygen from lungs to tissues Air = Source of oxygen diffusing into red blood cells Signup and view all the answers

Match the following phases of breathing with their effects on thoracic pressure:

Inhalation = Decreases pressure in the thoracic cavity Exhalation = Increases pressure in the thoracic cavity Diaphragm Relaxation = Contributes to the pressure increase during exhalation Intercostal Muscle Contraction = Facilitates rib cage movement during inhalation Signup and view all the answers

Match the following concepts related to gas diffusion with their characteristics:

Diffusion = Gas moves from high concentration to low concentration Oxygen Transport = Movement from red blood cells to tissues Carbon Dioxide Transport = Movement from tissues to red blood cells Gas Exchange = Occurs in both lungs and tissues Signup and view all the answers

Match the stages of the digestive system with their definitions:

Ingestion = Taking in or eating food Digestion = Breakdown of food by mechanical and chemical processes Absorption = Transportation of digestion products into the circulatory system Egestion = Removal of undigested solid waste from the body Signup and view all the answers

Match the feeding mechanisms with their examples:

Filter feeders = Tube sponge Fluid feeders = Butterfly Substrate feeders = Caterpillars Bulk feeders = Humans Signup and view all the answers

Match the characteristics of herbivores and carnivores with their digestive traits:

Herbivores = Ingest more plant material than carnivores Carnivores = Shorter digestive tracts Cecum = Contains bacteria for breaking down plant materials Signup and view all the answers

Match the digestive organs with their functions:

Mouth = Mechanical digestion begins here Stomach = Chemical digestion occurs with enzymes Small intestine = Primary site of absorption Large intestine = Egestion and absorption of water Signup and view all the answers

Match the descriptions of mechanical and chemical digestion to their processes:

Mechanical digestion = Occurs before chemical digestion Chemical digestion = Makes food particles absorbable for cells Signup and view all the answers

Match the terms related to digestion with their processes:

Ingestion = Entry of food into the digestive system Absorption = Nutrients move into the bloodstream Egestion = Elimination of waste from the body Digestion = Transformation of food into usable molecules Signup and view all the answers

Match the feeding mechanism with the corresponding actions:

Filter feeders = Use structures to funnel food from water Fluid feeders = Suck or lick nutrient-rich fluids Substrate feeders = Consume food while living in it Bulk feeders = Ingest large quantities of food Signup and view all the answers

Match the plant groups with their main characteristics:

Non-Vascular = Reproduce asexually by sending out spores from stalks Seedless Vascular = First plant life on land Gymnosperms = Reproduce sexually using seeds Angiosperms = Grow and develop seeds enclosed in fruit Signup and view all the answers

Match the types of protists with their feeding methods:

Animal-like Protists = Consume other organisms for food Fungi-like Protists = Absorb nutrients from living or dead organisms Plant-like Protists = Make their own food by photosynthesis Protozoans = Some are parasites Signup and view all the answers

Match the protist types with their examples:

Flagellates = Have one or more flagella to move Ciliates = Short, hair-like projections allow cell movement Slime moulds = Absorb nutrients from organic matter Euglenoids = Plant & animal like characteristics with eyespot Signup and view all the answers

Match the characteristics of the groups of plants with their examples:

Non-Vascular = Mosses and mosslike plants Seedless Vascular = Ferns and their relatives Gymnosperms = Coniferous trees Angiosperms = Flowering plants and shedding trees Signup and view all the answers

Match the types of reproduction with the groups of protists:

Animal-like Protists = Asexual and sexual methods Fungi-like Protists = Some are parasites Plant-like Protists = Photosynthesis Protozoans = Consume other organisms Signup and view all the answers

Match the methods of reproduction in plants with their corresponding groups:

Non-Vascular = Asexually through spores Seedless Vascular = Asexually through airborne spores Gymnosperms = Sexually using seeds Angiosperms = Sexually with seeds in fruit Signup and view all the answers

Match the cellular types with their respective characteristics in protists:

Eukaryotic = Most are unicellular Unicellular = Some are multicellular Autotrophs = Make their own food Heterotrophs = Consume other organisms for food Signup and view all the answers

Match the component of protists with their function:

Cell Wall = Cellulose in some Autotrophs = Photosynthesis Heterotrophs = Absorb nutrients Flagella = Whip side to side for movement Signup and view all the answers

Match the heart sounds with the corresponding stages of the cardiac cycle:

Lubb = Systole Dubb = Diastole Systole = Ventricles contract Diastole = Atria relax Signup and view all the answers

Match the components of ECG with their descriptions:

P-wave = Atrial contraction QRS complex = Ventricles contract T-wave = Ventricles relax SA node = Initial electrical impulse in heart Signup and view all the answers

Match the circulatory disorders with their main symptoms:

Atherosclerosis = Chest pain and shortness of breath Leukemia = Fatigue and crowding of red blood cells Hemophilia = Excessive bleeding and large bruises Congenital Heart Defect = Defects present since birth Signup and view all the answers

Match the treatments with the corresponding circulatory disorders:

Atherosclerosis = Angioplasty and lifestyle changes Leukemia = Chemotherapy and bone marrow transplant Hemophilia = Injection of clotting proteins Congenital Heart Defect = Surgery to repair defects Signup and view all the answers

Match the diagnostic tools with the conditions they diagnose:

Angiography = Atherosclerosis Cardiac Catheterization = Congenital Heart Defect ECG = Heart's electrical activity Blood tests = Assess white blood cell count in Leukemia Signup and view all the answers

Match the blood disorders with their primary causes:

Atherosclerosis = Plaque build up in arteries Leukemia = Genetic and environmental factors Hemophilia = Genetic trait affecting clotting Congenital Heart Defect = Genetic or environmental factors Signup and view all the answers

Match the heart conditions with their diagnostic procedures:

Atherosclerosis = Angiography Congenital Heart Defect = Cardiac Catheterization Leukemia = Blood tests Hemophilia = Clotting factor tests Signup and view all the answers

Match the following heart valve actions with the corresponding state of the heart:

Atrioventricular valves = Open during diastole Semilunar valves = Close during T-wave Ventricles = Contract during systole Atria = Relax during systole Signup and view all the answers