Biology Concepts and Evolutionary Theory

The idea that the same geological processes happening today also occurred in the past, shaping the Earth throughout its history.

Darwin's theory that individuals with traits better suited for their environment are more likely to survive and reproduce, passing those beneficial traits to their offspring.

The observation that species are distributed in specific patterns based on their geographic location and environmental factors, even if they appear similar to other species in different regions.

The idea that humans can select and breed organisms for specific traits, showing the power of selective breeding, influencing Darwin's thinking about natural selection.

The struggle for survival, as observed by Malthus, where individuals compete for resources (like food) and only the fittest survive, influencing Darwin's concept of natural selection.

The system in your body that allows you to breathe and take in oxygen.

The system that controls and coordinates all your body's actions.

The system that provides support, structure, and protection for your body.

The system that filters waste from your blood and helps regulate water balance.

The system that allows your body to move.

The system that transports blood, oxygen, and nutrients throughout your body.

The system that protects your body from infection and disease.

The system that protects your body from the outside world.

The system that allows you to reproduce.

The system that produces hormones that regulate many bodily functions.

The smallest unit of life capable of performing all life functions.

Organized structures within a cell that carry out specific functions.

A type of cell with a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles.

A type of cell without a nucleus or membrane-bound organelles. They are typically smaller than eukaryotic cells.

The process by which living things produce offspring.

Maintaining a stable internal environment despite external changes.

The process by which living organisms maintain a stable internal environment, like body temperature or blood sugar.

The conversion of light energy into chemical energy in the form of glucose.

The process of breaking down glucose to release energy in the form of ATP.

The continuous movement of carbon atoms within the Earth's systems.

The increase in the average temperature of the Earth's atmosphere.

The primary greenhouse gas responsible for global warming.

The process by which organisms change over time in response to their environment.

The broadest category in biological classification, encompassing all life forms.

A group of organisms with a shared common ancestor, representing a higher-level grouping than a class.

A group of organisms that share a common ancestor and more specific characteristics than phyla, encompassing multiple Orders.

A scientific approach to understanding the natural world by observing, experimenting, and testing hypotheses.

Provable or verifiable through observation or experimentation.

The emergence of resistant bacteria against antibiotics demonstrates the rapid pace of evolution.

Similar bone structures in different species, like the arm of a human and the wing of a bat, suggest a shared ancestor.

Structures that no longer serve a purpose but remain in a species, like the pelvic bones in whales, indicate evolutionary changes.

Similarities in DNA sequences between different species are evidence of common ancestry and shared evolutionary history.

A population splits and diverges due to isolation and different selection pressures, eventually leading to distinct species.

Fossils, like those of Archaeopteryx, showcasing traits of both dinosaurs and birds, reveal the gradual change in species over time.

Organisms from different lineages evolve similar traits independently, like sharks and dolphins, because of similar environments and needs.