Evolutionary Psychology: 1.1 introduction
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Questions and Answers

When did the chimp-human split occur?

  • 300,000 years ago
  • 100,000-50,000 years ago
  • ~13.8 billion years ago
  • 6-8 billion years ago (correct)

When did Modern Homo sapiens first appear?

  • 6-8 million years ago (correct)
  • 35 million years ago
  • 10,000 years ago
  • 3.5-4 billion years ago

What event occurred about 10,000 years ago?

  • Dinosaurs go extinct; mammals diversify
  • Agricultural revolution (correct)
  • Chimp-human split
  • Origin of life from non-life

When did the dinosaurs go extinct and mammals diversify?

<p>65 million years ago (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When did the first apes evolve?

<p>35 million years ago (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to evolutionary psychologists, why did people evolve the emotion of fear?

<p>To motivate the avoidance of danger (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main aim of Charles Darwin's book 'On the Origin of Species'?

<p>To explain evolution through natural selection (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does evolutionary psychology attempt to explain?

<p>The human mind and behavior as products of evolution (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement best describes the concept of evolution as per the text?

<p>It explains how species change over time in response to environmental pressures (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was Charles Darwin's contribution to the concept of evolution?

<p>Proposing the idea of natural selection as a mechanism for evolution (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why did gazelles evolve fast legs according to evolutionary biologists?

<p>To outrun predators like lions (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the two components of inclusive fitness?

<p>Direct fitness and indirect fitness (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is direct fitness defined?

<p>In terms of the individual’s reproductive success (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Hamilton, adaptations are "designed" by natural selection to enhance what?

<p>Inclusive fitness (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the "gene’s-eye view" of evolution propose adaptations are designed to benefit?

<p>Genes coding for the adaptations (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why did the emotion of fear evolve according to the gene’s-eye view of evolution?

<p>For the benefit of genes contributing to its development (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is inclusive fitness defined as?

<p>The sum of direct fitness and indirect fitness (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did Richard Dawkins mean when he said 'A monkey is a machine that preserves genes up trees; a fish is a machine that preserves genes in the water'?

<p>The preservation of genes in monkeys and fish is metaphorically compared to machinery. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why did E.O. Wilson's book 'Sociobiology' spark controversy?

<p>Due to its application of evolutionary theory to social behavior. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How did E.O. Wilson contribute to sociobiology despite being viewed as its founder?

<p>He summarized and synthesized existing research, coined the term 'sociobiology', and focused on nonhuman animals. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does evolutionary psychology (EP) differ from sociobiology?

<p>EP focuses solely on human behavior while sociobiology does not. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was one outcome of Wilson's book 'Sociobiology' on the field of evolutionary studies?

<p>It caused an uproar among scientists and the public, particularly regarding human behavior. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does Richard Dawkins describe genes in relation to monkeys and fish in his metaphor?

<p>'A monkey is a machine that preserves genes up trees; a fish is a machine that preserves genes in the water' serves as a metaphorical description. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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