17 Questions
What is the main origin of muscles and nerves according to the text?
From sea anemones
In evolutionary developmental biology (Evo-Devo), what does 'mutation selection phenotype' refer to?
A specific developmental trajectory
Which organism is mentioned as the earliest multicellular animal?
Sponge
What is the primary focus of Evo-Devo?
Studying alterations in embryonic development
What does natural selection primarily 'select' according to the text?
Phenotypic traits leading to complex behaviors
What is the main limitation mentioned regarding Cnidarians in the text?
They lack a central control center (brain)
Which organism retains juvenile features in adulthood, according to the text?
Axolotl
In the context of Cnidarian planula larva, what is the role of elongated cells?
Communicate chemically
What is the evolutionary advantage of improved efficiency in communication and coordination mentioned in the text?
Increased survival
What is the main difference between sensory cells in Sponge Larva and Cnidarian planula larva, as explained in the text?
Sponge Larva cells detect stimuli
What crucial component do Cnidarians lack when it comes to their nervous system, according to the text?
'Central control center'
What type of cells in sponges engulf and digest food as well as secrete a material to keep the sponge flexible?
Amoeboid cells
Which type of cells in sponges beat their flagella back and forth to force water through the sponge?
Collar cells
How do sponges reproduce asexually?
By budding
What is the process of sponges ejecting sperm and egg cells into the water called?
Synchronous spawning
Which type of cells in sponges contain the pores needed to allow water into the sponge?
Flattened surface cells
What is the type of reproduction in sponges where specialized gametocyte cells produce sperm and eggs?
Sexual reproduction
Dive into the origins of muscles and nerves in the context of evolutionary biology, starting from the earliest multicellular animal, the sponge, to the sea anemone with muscles and nerves. Explore the basics of Evo-Devo, which focuses on understanding how changes in embryonic development mechanisms drive evolutionary alterations throughout the life cycle.
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