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Questions and Answers
Hvad er zeitgeist?
Hvad er zeitgeist?
Den generelle intellektuelle atmosfære i en kultur
Hvilke to spørgsmål er ofte blevet stillet om adfærd?
Hvilke to spørgsmål er ofte blevet stillet om adfærd?
Hvem var fortaler for tanken om, at ethvert menneske kan trænes til at blive en specialist?
Hvem var fortaler for tanken om, at ethvert menneske kan trænes til at blive en specialist?
Descartes mente, at mennesket bestod af to elementer: fysisk materie og sindet.
Descartes mente, at mennesket bestod af to elementer: fysisk materie og sindet.
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Hvad er natural selection?
Hvad er natural selection?
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Hvad står PKU for?
Hvad står PKU for?
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Hvad kaldes de to genkopier i hvert kromosom?
Hvad kaldes de to genkopier i hvert kromosom?
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Hvad er DNA-methylation?
Hvad er DNA-methylation?
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Hvad er **epigenetik **?
Hvad er **epigenetik **?
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Hvad er epitranscriptom?
Hvad er epitranscriptom?
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Hvad er transgenerational epigenetik?
Hvad er transgenerational epigenetik?
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Hvem lavede de banebrydende studier med maze-dull og maze-bright rotter?
Hvem lavede de banebrydende studier med maze-dull og maze-bright rotter?
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Hvad er ontogeny?
Hvad er ontogeny?
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Twin-studier kan bidrage til at forstå, hvordan gen-miljø-interaktioner påvirker udviklingen af forskelle mellem individer.
Twin-studier kan bidrage til at forstå, hvordan gen-miljø-interaktioner påvirker udviklingen af forskelle mellem individer.
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Hvad er arvelighed?
Hvad er arvelighed?
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Erhvervede epigenetiske ændringer kan overføres til efterfølgende generationer.
Erhvervede epigenetiske ændringer kan overføres til efterfølgende generationer.
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Study Notes
Chapter Overview and Learning Objectives
- Describe the origins of the physiological-psychological and nature-nurture ways of thinking.
- Explain why thinking about the biology of behavior in terms of traditional physiological-psychological and nature-nurture dichotomies is flawed.
- Describe the origins of evolutionary theory.
- Explain the evolutionary significance of social dominance and courtship displays.
- Summarize the pathway of evolution from single-cell organisms to humans.
- Describe nine commonly misunderstood points about evolution.
Fundamental Genetics
- Describe how research on the evolution of the human brain has changed over time.
- Explain how Mendel's work with pea plants has informed us about the mechanisms of inheritance.
- Understand the structure and function of chromosomes.
- Describe the process of gene expression.
- Discuss several ways in which modern advances have changed our understanding of genetic processes.
- Define epigenetics, and explain how it has transformed our understanding of genetics.
Epigenetics of Behavioral Development: Interaction of Genetic Factors and Experience
- Discuss what insights into the genetics of behavior were gained from early research on selective breeding.
- Explain how classic research on phenylketonuria (PKU) has informed our understanding of the genetics of behavior.
Genetics of Human Psychological Differences
- Explain why it is important to distinguish between the development of individuals and the development of individual differences.
- Explain heritability estimates and how they are commonly misinterpreted.
- Describe two ways that twin studies can be used to study the interaction of genes and experience (i.e., nature and nurture).
Thinking about Human Evolution
- Describe nine commonly misunderstood points about evolution.
Evolution of the Human Brain
- Explain how research on the evolution of the human brain has changed over time.
The Case of the Man Who Fell Out of Bed
- Summarizes a case study on a patient's experience of asomatognosia
- Details the patient's confusion about their body
The Case of the Chimps with Mirrors
- Explains how self-awareness can be measured in animals with a mirror test
Nature-or-Nurture Thinking Runs Into Difficulty
- Highlights the flaws in traditional dichotomous thinking about the biology of behavior.
- Explains that behavior is a result of an interplay between genes, experience, and current circumstances.
- Introduces the concept of spandrels as non-adaptive components of traits.
Mendelian Genetics
- Explains how Mendel's work with pea plants informed our understanding of inheritance.
- Introduces the concepts of dominant and recessive traits, homozygosity, heterozygosity, and the importance of studying true-breeding lines.
Chromosomes
- Explains recombination and replication in the context of cell division and genetic diversity.
Genetic Code and Gene Expression
- Describes the steps involved in gene expression, including transcription and translation.
Modern Genetics: Growth of Epigenetics
- Defines epigenetics and explains its transformation of genetic understanding.
Epigenetics of Behavioral Development: Interaction of Genetic Factors and Experience
- Discusses the insights from selective breeding of maze-bright and maze-dull rats, highlighting the interaction of genes and environment.
Phenylketonuria (PKU): A Single-Gene Metabolic Disorder
- Describes PKU as an example of how a single gene mutation can affect behavior due to abnormal biochemical processes.
- Explains the importance of early detection and dietary intervention to minimize negative consequences of PKU
Heritability Estimates: Minnesota Study of Twins Reared Apart
- Explains how heritability estimates are calculated and their limitations
- Details the findings from the Minnesota Study of Twins Reared Apart to highlight the importance of environmental factors affecting traits.
A Look into the Future: Two Kinds of Twin Studies
- Highlights the use of twin studies in understanding epigenetics and interactions of nature and nurture
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Description
Dette quiz fokuserer på evolutionære teorier og grundlæggende genetik. Du vil lære om betydningen af social dominans, hjerneudvikling hos mennesker, samt Mendels arbejde med arvelighed. Test din viden om evolution og genetikens rolle i forståelsen af adfærd.
