Evolution of Transmission Media in Communication Networks
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Questions and Answers

What is one of the reasons for the increased use of optical fibre as a transmission media?

  • Dependence on electro-magnetic interference
  • Emphasis on analog communication
  • Less cost (correct)
  • Limitation in bandwidth

    • How has the requirement for bandwidth changed over time according to the text?

  • Decreased from 1Gbps to 20Kbps
  • Remained constant at 20Kbps
  • From around 20Kbps to around 1Gbps (correct)
  • From around 1Gbps to around 20Kbps

    • What technological advancement contributed to the convergence of the access network according to the text?

  • Fiber-to-the-home (FTTH) technology
  • Analog modulation
  • IP & MPLS technologies (correct)
  • Copper wire connections

    • How are client terminals described in the text?

    <p>Capable of voice, video, text, web, and multimedia functions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key aspect of the architecture mentioned for the Next Generation network in the text?

    <p>Convergence to a single network</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How have client terminals improved their human interface according to the text?

    <p>Incorporating signals from sensory organs like touch, vision, and mind</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who is credited with identifying the critical specification for long-range communication devices in 1964?

    <p>Dr. Charles K. Kao</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which year did Corning Glass develop fiber-optic wire capable of carrying 65,000 times more information than copper wire?

    <p>1970</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What played a crucial role in reducing light loss in fiber optics according to the text?

    <p>Doping titanium into the fiber core</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who tested and deployed the world's first live telephone traffic through a fiber-optic system running at 6 Mbps in Long Beach, California?

    <p>General Telephone and Electronics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the loss of multimode germanium-doped fiber developed in June of 1972 per kilometer according to the text?

    <p>4 dB</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which company invented fiber-optic wire capable of carrying 65,000 times more information than copper wire?

    <p>Corning Glass</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the objective of the unit 'Concept of Optical Fiber Communication'?

    <p>Understanding basic optical fiber communication system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which ancient technique involved using light to transmit information?

    <p>Fire and smoke signals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was used to encode optical signals during the second century B.C.?

    <p>Signaling lamps</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which technology is NOT covered in the unit 'Concept of Optical Fiber Communication'?

    <p>Terrestrial Radio Links</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the focus of the section 'OFC laying and Installation practices (Sec-I)'?

    <p>Fusion splicing of optical fibers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which topic would you expect to learn about in the unit 'CPAN and OTN Technology overview'?

    <p>'Fiber-Optic Applications'</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the key aspects covered in the unit 'Concept of Optical Fiber Communication'?

    <p>Principle of Fusion Splicing Technique</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main focus of FTTH (Fiber to the Home) technology?

    <p>Enabling High-Speed Internet Access</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was one of the ancient techniques mentioned for transmitting information using light signals?

    <p>Signal Encoding with Lamps</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does FTTH technology contribute to modern communication infrastructure?

    <p>By Enabling High-Speed Data Transmission to Homes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a crucial skill for technicians working with optical fibers in terms of installation and maintenance?

    <p>Understanding of Optical Fiber Fusion Splicing Techniques</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What technological advancements have played a significant role in the adoption of optical fibre as a transmission media?

    <p>Development of IP &amp; MPLS technologies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How have client terminals evolved in terms of capabilities according to the text?

    <p>They now offer voice, video, text, web, and multimedia capabilities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the architecture referred to as the future of networks in the text?

    <p>Next Generation network architecture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What technology is driving the convergence of the access network according to the text?

    <p>IP &amp; MPLS technologies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what way have client terminals improved their human interface based on the information provided?

    <p>By incorporating sensory signals like touch, vision, and mind</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the advantages of optical fiber communication mentioned in the text?

    <p>Higher carrier frequency compared to radio waves</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT listed as a common application of optical fibers in the text?

    <p>Satellite communication</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the typical range of transmission distances mentioned for optical fiber applications in the text?

    <p>Less than a meter to hundreds of kilometers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In optical fiber communication, what contributes to the greater transmission bandwidth compared to conventional systems?

    <p>High carrier frequency of optical signals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which technology is NOT explicitly associated with Optical Fiber Communication in the text?

    <p><strong>Ethernet</strong> technology</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What critical and theoretical specification was identified by Dr. Charles K. Kao for long-range communication devices?

    <p>10 or 20 dB of light loss per kilometer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a key advancement in fiber optics developed by Corning Glass in June 1972?

    <p>Multimode germanium-doped fiber with a loss of 4 dB per kilometer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What technology was capable of carrying 65,000 times more information than copper wire, according to the text?

    <p>Fiber-optic wire or 'optical waveguide fibers'</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How did General Telephone and Electronics demonstrate the capabilities of fiber-optic systems in April 1977?

    <p>Tested and deployed live telephone traffic running at 6 Mbps</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of FTTH technology in optical communication networks?

    <p>Improving the efficiency and speed of data transmission for end-users</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the key benefit of using single-mode fiber optics compared to multimode fibers?

    <p>Less dispersion of digital pulses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of fiber optic cables, what is the main advantage of tight-buffered cable designs?

    <p>Direct contact between buffering material and fiber</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary use of single-fiber tight-buffered cables in fiber optic networks?

    <p>Linking outside plant cables to terminal equipment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor contributes significantly to the majority of outside-plant installations using loose-tube cable?

    <p>Protection against environmental factors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes the construction of tight-buffer tube cable from loose-buffer tube cable in fiber optic networks?

    <p>Buffering material to fiber contact</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main advantage of using optical fibers over metal wires for communication?

    <p>Optical fibers experience less signal loss and are immune to electromagnetic interference.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of fusion splicing in optical fiber technology?

    <p>Fusion splicing joins two optical fibers together without using connectors.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does Fiber to the Home (FTTH) technology contribute to modern communication infrastructure?

    <p>FTTH technology brings high-speed internet directly to homes using fiber-optic cables.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of optical fibers acting as a 'waveguide' in communication systems?

    <p>Waveguides in optical fibers guide and transmit light between fiber ends.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does Fiber to the Home (FTTH) technology differ from traditional copper wire connections?

    <p>FTTH technology brings faster and more reliable internet connections compared to copper wires.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the key feature of all-dielectric, self-supporting aerial cables (ADSS)?

    <p>They are filled with a water-resistant compound inside the cable.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do many industries, particularly the telecommunications sector, prefer optical fiber over copper wire?

    <p>Optical fibers can transmit larger amounts of information simultaneously.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes different types of single-mode and multimode fibers in optical fiber classification?

    <p>The core size and refractive index profile of the fiber.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main objective of the unit on splicing of optical fiber?

    <p>To learn how to connect and fuse optical fibers together.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are all-dielectric, self-supporting aerial cables suitable for applications adjacent to aerial power transmission lines?

    <p>They are designed to support themselves without relying on external structures.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In terms of FTTH technology, what is one of the primary reasons for its widespread adoption in modern communication networks?

    <p>FTTH technology provides higher bandwidth capacity for transmitting large amounts of data.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which material provides high tensile strength to cables in an all-dielectric, self-supporting aerial cable?

    <p><strong>FRP (fibre-reinforced polymer)</strong></p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Optical Fiber Communication

    • One of the reasons for the increased use of optical fiber as a transmission media is its ability to carry 65,000 times more information than copper wire.

    History of Optical Fiber

    • Corning Glass developed fiber-optic wire capable of carrying 65,000 times more information than copper wire in 1970.
    • Dr. Charles Kao identified the critical specification for long-range communication devices in 1964.
    • In 1972, Corning Glass developed multimode germanium-doped fiber with a loss of 4 dB/km.
    • General Telephone and Electronics demonstrated the capabilities of fiber-optic systems in April 1977.

    Advantages of Optical Fiber

    • One of the advantages of optical fiber communication is its ability to carry more information than copper wire.

    Fiber to the Home (FTTH) Technology

    • The main focus of FTTH technology is to provide high-speed internet connectivity directly to homes.
    • FTTH technology contributes to modern communication infrastructure by providing high-speed internet connectivity directly to homes.

    Optical Fiber Characteristics

    • The key aspect of the architecture mentioned for the Next Generation network is the use of optical fiber.
    • Optical fibers act as a 'waveguide' in communication systems.
    • The main advantage of using optical fibers over metal wires for communication is their ability to carry more information.

    Technological Advancements

    • Technological advancements that have played a significant role in the adoption of optical fiber as a transmission media include the development of fiber-optic wire capable of carrying 65,000 times more information than copper wire.

    Client Terminals

    • Client terminals have evolved in terms of capabilities and have improved their human interface.
    • Client terminals are described as having improved their human interface over time.

    Ancient Techniques

    • One of the ancient techniques mentioned for transmitting information using light signals is the use of mirrors.
    • In the second century B.C., polished bronze mirrors were used to encode optical signals.

    Unit Objectives

    • The objective of the unit 'Concept of Optical Fiber Communication' is to understand the concept of optical fiber communication.
    • The focus of the section 'OFC laying and Installation practices (Sec-I)' is on the laying and installation practices of optical fibers.
    • The unit 'CPAN and OTN Technology overview' focuses on the overview of CPAN and OTN technologies.

    Fiber Optic Cables

    • The main advantage of tight-buffered cable designs is their ability to protect the fiber.
    • The primary use of single-fiber tight-buffered cables is in fiber optic networks.
    • The factor that contributes significantly to the majority of outside-plant installations using loose-tube cable is environmental conditions.
    • The main difference between tight-buffer tube cable and loose-buffer tube cable is the buffering material used.

    Fusion Splicing

    • The role of fusion splicing in optical fiber technology is to join two fibers together.

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