Evolution of Transmission Media in Communication Networks

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What is one of the reasons for the increased use of optical fibre as a transmission media?

Less cost

How has the requirement for bandwidth changed over time according to the text?

From around 20Kbps to around 1Gbps

What technological advancement contributed to the convergence of the access network according to the text?

IP & MPLS technologies

How are client terminals described in the text?

<p>Capable of voice, video, text, web, and multimedia functions</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key aspect of the architecture mentioned for the Next Generation network in the text?

<p>Convergence to a single network</p> Signup and view all the answers

How have client terminals improved their human interface according to the text?

<p>Incorporating signals from sensory organs like touch, vision, and mind</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who is credited with identifying the critical specification for long-range communication devices in 1964?

<p>Dr. Charles K. Kao</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which year did Corning Glass develop fiber-optic wire capable of carrying 65,000 times more information than copper wire?

<p>1970</p> Signup and view all the answers

What played a crucial role in reducing light loss in fiber optics according to the text?

<p>Doping titanium into the fiber core</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who tested and deployed the world's first live telephone traffic through a fiber-optic system running at 6 Mbps in Long Beach, California?

<p>General Telephone and Electronics</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the loss of multimode germanium-doped fiber developed in June of 1972 per kilometer according to the text?

<p>4 dB</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which company invented fiber-optic wire capable of carrying 65,000 times more information than copper wire?

<p>Corning Glass</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the objective of the unit 'Concept of Optical Fiber Communication'?

<p>Understanding basic optical fiber communication system</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which ancient technique involved using light to transmit information?

<p>Fire and smoke signals</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was used to encode optical signals during the second century B.C.?

<p>Signaling lamps</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which technology is NOT covered in the unit 'Concept of Optical Fiber Communication'?

<p>Terrestrial Radio Links</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the focus of the section 'OFC laying and Installation practices (Sec-I)'?

<p>Fusion splicing of optical fibers</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which topic would you expect to learn about in the unit 'CPAN and OTN Technology overview'?

<p>'Fiber-Optic Applications'</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the key aspects covered in the unit 'Concept of Optical Fiber Communication'?

<p>Principle of Fusion Splicing Technique</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main focus of FTTH (Fiber to the Home) technology?

<p>Enabling High-Speed Internet Access</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was one of the ancient techniques mentioned for transmitting information using light signals?

<p>Signal Encoding with Lamps</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does FTTH technology contribute to modern communication infrastructure?

<p>By Enabling High-Speed Data Transmission to Homes</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a crucial skill for technicians working with optical fibers in terms of installation and maintenance?

<p>Understanding of Optical Fiber Fusion Splicing Techniques</p> Signup and view all the answers

What technological advancements have played a significant role in the adoption of optical fibre as a transmission media?

<p>Development of IP &amp; MPLS technologies</p> Signup and view all the answers

How have client terminals evolved in terms of capabilities according to the text?

<p>They now offer voice, video, text, web, and multimedia capabilities</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the architecture referred to as the future of networks in the text?

<p>Next Generation network architecture</p> Signup and view all the answers

What technology is driving the convergence of the access network according to the text?

<p>IP &amp; MPLS technologies</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what way have client terminals improved their human interface based on the information provided?

<p>By incorporating sensory signals like touch, vision, and mind</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the advantages of optical fiber communication mentioned in the text?

<p>Higher carrier frequency compared to radio waves</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT listed as a common application of optical fibers in the text?

<p>Satellite communication</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical range of transmission distances mentioned for optical fiber applications in the text?

<p>Less than a meter to hundreds of kilometers</p> Signup and view all the answers

In optical fiber communication, what contributes to the greater transmission bandwidth compared to conventional systems?

<p>High carrier frequency of optical signals</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which technology is NOT explicitly associated with Optical Fiber Communication in the text?

<p><strong>Ethernet</strong> technology</p> Signup and view all the answers

What critical and theoretical specification was identified by Dr. Charles K. Kao for long-range communication devices?

<p>10 or 20 dB of light loss per kilometer</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a key advancement in fiber optics developed by Corning Glass in June 1972?

<p>Multimode germanium-doped fiber with a loss of 4 dB per kilometer</p> Signup and view all the answers

What technology was capable of carrying 65,000 times more information than copper wire, according to the text?

<p>Fiber-optic wire or 'optical waveguide fibers'</p> Signup and view all the answers

How did General Telephone and Electronics demonstrate the capabilities of fiber-optic systems in April 1977?

<p>Tested and deployed live telephone traffic running at 6 Mbps</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of FTTH technology in optical communication networks?

<p>Improving the efficiency and speed of data transmission for end-users</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the key benefit of using single-mode fiber optics compared to multimode fibers?

<p>Less dispersion of digital pulses</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of fiber optic cables, what is the main advantage of tight-buffered cable designs?

<p>Direct contact between buffering material and fiber</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary use of single-fiber tight-buffered cables in fiber optic networks?

<p>Linking outside plant cables to terminal equipment</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor contributes significantly to the majority of outside-plant installations using loose-tube cable?

<p>Protection against environmental factors</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes the construction of tight-buffer tube cable from loose-buffer tube cable in fiber optic networks?

<p>Buffering material to fiber contact</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main advantage of using optical fibers over metal wires for communication?

<p>Optical fibers experience less signal loss and are immune to electromagnetic interference.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of fusion splicing in optical fiber technology?

<p>Fusion splicing joins two optical fibers together without using connectors.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does Fiber to the Home (FTTH) technology contribute to modern communication infrastructure?

<p>FTTH technology brings high-speed internet directly to homes using fiber-optic cables.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of optical fibers acting as a 'waveguide' in communication systems?

<p>Waveguides in optical fibers guide and transmit light between fiber ends.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does Fiber to the Home (FTTH) technology differ from traditional copper wire connections?

<p>FTTH technology brings faster and more reliable internet connections compared to copper wires.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the key feature of all-dielectric, self-supporting aerial cables (ADSS)?

<p>They are filled with a water-resistant compound inside the cable.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why do many industries, particularly the telecommunications sector, prefer optical fiber over copper wire?

<p>Optical fibers can transmit larger amounts of information simultaneously.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes different types of single-mode and multimode fibers in optical fiber classification?

<p>The core size and refractive index profile of the fiber.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main objective of the unit on splicing of optical fiber?

<p>To learn how to connect and fuse optical fibers together.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why are all-dielectric, self-supporting aerial cables suitable for applications adjacent to aerial power transmission lines?

<p>They are designed to support themselves without relying on external structures.</p> Signup and view all the answers

In terms of FTTH technology, what is one of the primary reasons for its widespread adoption in modern communication networks?

<p>FTTH technology provides higher bandwidth capacity for transmitting large amounts of data.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which material provides high tensile strength to cables in an all-dielectric, self-supporting aerial cable?

<p><strong>FRP (fibre-reinforced polymer)</strong></p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Optical Fiber Communication

  • One of the reasons for the increased use of optical fiber as a transmission media is its ability to carry 65,000 times more information than copper wire.

History of Optical Fiber

  • Corning Glass developed fiber-optic wire capable of carrying 65,000 times more information than copper wire in 1970.
  • Dr. Charles Kao identified the critical specification for long-range communication devices in 1964.
  • In 1972, Corning Glass developed multimode germanium-doped fiber with a loss of 4 dB/km.
  • General Telephone and Electronics demonstrated the capabilities of fiber-optic systems in April 1977.

Advantages of Optical Fiber

  • One of the advantages of optical fiber communication is its ability to carry more information than copper wire.

Fiber to the Home (FTTH) Technology

  • The main focus of FTTH technology is to provide high-speed internet connectivity directly to homes.
  • FTTH technology contributes to modern communication infrastructure by providing high-speed internet connectivity directly to homes.

Optical Fiber Characteristics

  • The key aspect of the architecture mentioned for the Next Generation network is the use of optical fiber.
  • Optical fibers act as a 'waveguide' in communication systems.
  • The main advantage of using optical fibers over metal wires for communication is their ability to carry more information.

Technological Advancements

  • Technological advancements that have played a significant role in the adoption of optical fiber as a transmission media include the development of fiber-optic wire capable of carrying 65,000 times more information than copper wire.

Client Terminals

  • Client terminals have evolved in terms of capabilities and have improved their human interface.
  • Client terminals are described as having improved their human interface over time.

Ancient Techniques

  • One of the ancient techniques mentioned for transmitting information using light signals is the use of mirrors.
  • In the second century B.C., polished bronze mirrors were used to encode optical signals.

Unit Objectives

  • The objective of the unit 'Concept of Optical Fiber Communication' is to understand the concept of optical fiber communication.
  • The focus of the section 'OFC laying and Installation practices (Sec-I)' is on the laying and installation practices of optical fibers.
  • The unit 'CPAN and OTN Technology overview' focuses on the overview of CPAN and OTN technologies.

Fiber Optic Cables

  • The main advantage of tight-buffered cable designs is their ability to protect the fiber.
  • The primary use of single-fiber tight-buffered cables is in fiber optic networks.
  • The factor that contributes significantly to the majority of outside-plant installations using loose-tube cable is environmental conditions.
  • The main difference between tight-buffer tube cable and loose-buffer tube cable is the buffering material used.

Fusion Splicing

  • The role of fusion splicing in optical fiber technology is to join two fibers together.

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