Evolution of Open Genetic Programs
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Questions and Answers

What term describes behaviors that are pre-determined and relatively inflexible, shaped by evolutionary processes?

  • Selection pressures
  • Closed genetic programs (correct)
  • Species memory
  • Adaptive changes

How are behaviors gradually modified to better fit alterations in the environment according to the text?

  • Through genetic drift
  • By species memory
  • Via natural selection (correct)
  • Due to adaptive changes

What concept refers to the recorded history of adaptive changes in a species, passed from generation to generation?

  • Selection pressures
  • Species memory (correct)
  • Genetic drift
  • Adaptive changes

Which process leads to the gradual refinement and optimization of behavioral traits over time?

<p>Natural selection (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the genetic variation present within populations that natural selection acts upon?

<p>Genetic legacy (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which reproductive strategy do Coho Salmon exhibit?

<p>Semelparous (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Under what conditions do species benefit from the evolution of open genetic programs?

<p>Variable or unpredictable environments (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What contributes to the adaptation of animals to their environments over the history of the species?

<p>Both genetic drift and natural selection (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What advantage do open genetic programs provide to individuals?

<p>Behavioral flexibility and adaptability (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do genetic variations beneficial for survival and reproduction accumulate in populations over time?

<p>Through random mutations (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of behaviors favor the evolution of closed genetic programs?

<p>Innate behaviors (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor favors the evolution of innate, hard-wired behaviors in Coho Salmon?

<p>Limited opportunities for mating (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of pressures influence the adaptation of individual animals to their environments during their lifetime?

<p>Selection pressures (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why might species evolve specialized adaptations to specific ecological niches over time?

<p>To exploit resources more efficiently (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which mechanism favors traits that increase fitness in a given environment?

<p>Natural selection (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which mechanism enables individuals to adjust their behavior in response to changing environmental conditions?

<p>Behavioral plasticity (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the history of the individual involve in terms of enhancing survival and reproductive success?

<p>Selection of traits during its lifetime (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do animals become well-suited to their normal environment?

<p>Via evolutionary processes acting over generations (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What refers to the accumulated adaptive changes over generations through evolution?

<p>History of the species (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Inherited genetic structure and innate behaviors are associated with which aspect of an animal's adaptation?

<p>Built-in responses and instincts (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why might natural selection favor the evolution of a closed genetic program in a species?

<p>To allow for immediate survival and reproductive success (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes closed genetic programs?

<p>Pre-determined and stereotyped behaviors (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what scenario might natural selection favor an open genetic program for a given behavior?

<p>When mating rituals occur infrequently in a species (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do open genetic programs differ from closed genetic programs?

<p>They allow for flexibility and learning experiences (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor does not influence whether natural selection favors an open or closed genetic program?

<p>Genetic drift within the population (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What determines whether natural selection favors the evolution of open or closed genetic programs for a behavior?

<p>Species' life history and reproductive strategies (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do the different breeding strategies among male Coho salmon demonstrate adaptability?

<p>By maximizing reproductive success in different ecological conditions (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why do jacks, among male Coho salmon, have higher rates of survival compared to hooknoses?

<p>Because they undergo early maturation and are smaller in size (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what ways can the balance between innate behaviors and learned behaviors vary across species and populations?

<p>Based on environmental pressures and evolutionary contexts (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can be inferred about the adaptive advantages associated with different breeding strategies among male Coho salmon?

<p>That they maximize reproductive success and overall fitness in variable conditions (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What factor can lead to higher pairing success in Blue Tits even when raised by parents of a different species?

<p>Innate preference for conspecifics (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How might social interactions and learning experiences within the species-specific social environment influence mating preferences?

<p>By shaping genetic predispositions (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following factors may contribute to differences in mating behavior between species?

<p>Genetic differences (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What may influence the strength of imprinting or the likelihood of pairing with conspecifics?

<p>Genetic predispositions (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of cross-fostering experiments, what interplay is being studied?

<p>Genetic predispositions, environmental experiences, and social interactions (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor mentioned could be a result of evolutionary history of species?

<p>Innate preference for conspecifics (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How might genetic differences contribute to pairing success?

<p>Influencing imprinting and mate choice (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role do environmental experiences play in shaping mating preferences?

<p>Influencing social learning (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do social interactions within the species-specific environment affect mating choices?

<p>Influencing social learning and behavioral cues (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can be inferred about the significance of genetic factors in shaping mating preferences?

<p>They may influence imprinting and pairing success. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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