Evolution of Open Genetic Programs
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Questions and Answers

What term describes behaviors that are pre-determined and relatively inflexible, shaped by evolutionary processes?

  • Selection pressures
  • Closed genetic programs (correct)
  • Species memory
  • Adaptive changes

    • How are behaviors gradually modified to better fit alterations in the environment according to the text?

  • Through genetic drift
  • By species memory
  • Via natural selection (correct)
  • Due to adaptive changes

    • What concept refers to the recorded history of adaptive changes in a species, passed from generation to generation?

  • Selection pressures
  • Species memory (correct)
  • Genetic drift
  • Adaptive changes

    • Which process leads to the gradual refinement and optimization of behavioral traits over time?

    <p>Natural selection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the genetic variation present within populations that natural selection acts upon?

    <p>Genetic legacy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which reproductive strategy do Coho Salmon exhibit?

    <p>Semelparous</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Under what conditions do species benefit from the evolution of open genetic programs?

    <p>Variable or unpredictable environments</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What contributes to the adaptation of animals to their environments over the history of the species?

    <p>Both genetic drift and natural selection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What advantage do open genetic programs provide to individuals?

    <p>Behavioral flexibility and adaptability</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do genetic variations beneficial for survival and reproduction accumulate in populations over time?

    <p>Through random mutations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of behaviors favor the evolution of closed genetic programs?

    <p>Innate behaviors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor favors the evolution of innate, hard-wired behaviors in Coho Salmon?

    <p>Limited opportunities for mating</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of pressures influence the adaptation of individual animals to their environments during their lifetime?

    <p>Selection pressures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why might species evolve specialized adaptations to specific ecological niches over time?

    <p>To exploit resources more efficiently</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which mechanism favors traits that increase fitness in a given environment?

    <p>Natural selection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which mechanism enables individuals to adjust their behavior in response to changing environmental conditions?

    <p>Behavioral plasticity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the history of the individual involve in terms of enhancing survival and reproductive success?

    <p>Selection of traits during its lifetime</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do animals become well-suited to their normal environment?

    <p>Via evolutionary processes acting over generations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What refers to the accumulated adaptive changes over generations through evolution?

    <p>History of the species</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Inherited genetic structure and innate behaviors are associated with which aspect of an animal's adaptation?

    <p>Built-in responses and instincts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why might natural selection favor the evolution of a closed genetic program in a species?

    <p>To allow for immediate survival and reproductive success</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes closed genetic programs?

    <p>Pre-determined and stereotyped behaviors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what scenario might natural selection favor an open genetic program for a given behavior?

    <p>When mating rituals occur infrequently in a species</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do open genetic programs differ from closed genetic programs?

    <p>They allow for flexibility and learning experiences</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor does not influence whether natural selection favors an open or closed genetic program?

    <p>Genetic drift within the population</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What determines whether natural selection favors the evolution of open or closed genetic programs for a behavior?

    <p>Species' life history and reproductive strategies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do the different breeding strategies among male Coho salmon demonstrate adaptability?

    <p>By maximizing reproductive success in different ecological conditions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do jacks, among male Coho salmon, have higher rates of survival compared to hooknoses?

    <p>Because they undergo early maturation and are smaller in size</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what ways can the balance between innate behaviors and learned behaviors vary across species and populations?

    <p>Based on environmental pressures and evolutionary contexts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can be inferred about the adaptive advantages associated with different breeding strategies among male Coho salmon?

    <p>That they maximize reproductive success and overall fitness in variable conditions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What factor can lead to higher pairing success in Blue Tits even when raised by parents of a different species?

    <p>Innate preference for conspecifics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How might social interactions and learning experiences within the species-specific social environment influence mating preferences?

    <p>By shaping genetic predispositions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following factors may contribute to differences in mating behavior between species?

    <p>Genetic differences</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What may influence the strength of imprinting or the likelihood of pairing with conspecifics?

    <p>Genetic predispositions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of cross-fostering experiments, what interplay is being studied?

    <p>Genetic predispositions, environmental experiences, and social interactions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor mentioned could be a result of evolutionary history of species?

    <p>Innate preference for conspecifics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How might genetic differences contribute to pairing success?

    <p>Influencing imprinting and mate choice</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role do environmental experiences play in shaping mating preferences?

    <p>Influencing social learning</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do social interactions within the species-specific environment affect mating choices?

    <p>Influencing social learning and behavioral cues</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can be inferred about the significance of genetic factors in shaping mating preferences?

    <p>They may influence imprinting and pairing success.</p> Signup and view all the answers

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