40 Questions
What term describes behaviors that are pre-determined and relatively inflexible, shaped by evolutionary processes?
Closed genetic programs
How are behaviors gradually modified to better fit alterations in the environment according to the text?
Via natural selection
What concept refers to the recorded history of adaptive changes in a species, passed from generation to generation?
Species memory
Which process leads to the gradual refinement and optimization of behavioral traits over time?
Natural selection
What is the term for the genetic variation present within populations that natural selection acts upon?
Genetic legacy
Which reproductive strategy do Coho Salmon exhibit?
Semelparous
Under what conditions do species benefit from the evolution of open genetic programs?
Variable or unpredictable environments
What contributes to the adaptation of animals to their environments over the history of the species?
Both genetic drift and natural selection
What advantage do open genetic programs provide to individuals?
Behavioral flexibility and adaptability
How do genetic variations beneficial for survival and reproduction accumulate in populations over time?
Through random mutations
What type of behaviors favor the evolution of closed genetic programs?
Innate behaviors
Which factor favors the evolution of innate, hard-wired behaviors in Coho Salmon?
Limited opportunities for mating
What type of pressures influence the adaptation of individual animals to their environments during their lifetime?
Selection pressures
Why might species evolve specialized adaptations to specific ecological niches over time?
To exploit resources more efficiently
Which mechanism favors traits that increase fitness in a given environment?
Natural selection
Which mechanism enables individuals to adjust their behavior in response to changing environmental conditions?
Behavioral plasticity
What does the history of the individual involve in terms of enhancing survival and reproductive success?
Selection of traits during its lifetime
How do animals become well-suited to their normal environment?
Via evolutionary processes acting over generations
What refers to the accumulated adaptive changes over generations through evolution?
History of the species
Inherited genetic structure and innate behaviors are associated with which aspect of an animal's adaptation?
Built-in responses and instincts
Why might natural selection favor the evolution of a closed genetic program in a species?
To allow for immediate survival and reproductive success
What characterizes closed genetic programs?
Pre-determined and stereotyped behaviors
In what scenario might natural selection favor an open genetic program for a given behavior?
When mating rituals occur infrequently in a species
How do open genetic programs differ from closed genetic programs?
They allow for flexibility and learning experiences
Which factor does not influence whether natural selection favors an open or closed genetic program?
Genetic drift within the population
What determines whether natural selection favors the evolution of open or closed genetic programs for a behavior?
Species' life history and reproductive strategies
How do the different breeding strategies among male Coho salmon demonstrate adaptability?
By maximizing reproductive success in different ecological conditions
Why do jacks, among male Coho salmon, have higher rates of survival compared to hooknoses?
Because they undergo early maturation and are smaller in size
In what ways can the balance between innate behaviors and learned behaviors vary across species and populations?
Based on environmental pressures and evolutionary contexts
What can be inferred about the adaptive advantages associated with different breeding strategies among male Coho salmon?
That they maximize reproductive success and overall fitness in variable conditions
What factor can lead to higher pairing success in Blue Tits even when raised by parents of a different species?
Innate preference for conspecifics
How might social interactions and learning experiences within the species-specific social environment influence mating preferences?
By shaping genetic predispositions
Which of the following factors may contribute to differences in mating behavior between species?
Genetic differences
What may influence the strength of imprinting or the likelihood of pairing with conspecifics?
Genetic predispositions
In the context of cross-fostering experiments, what interplay is being studied?
Genetic predispositions, environmental experiences, and social interactions
Which factor mentioned could be a result of evolutionary history of species?
Innate preference for conspecifics
How might genetic differences contribute to pairing success?
Influencing imprinting and mate choice
What role do environmental experiences play in shaping mating preferences?
Influencing social learning
How do social interactions within the species-specific environment affect mating choices?
Influencing social learning and behavioral cues
What can be inferred about the significance of genetic factors in shaping mating preferences?
They may influence imprinting and pairing success.
Explore the concept of open genetic programs in species with variable environments, social structures, and reproductive strategies, allowing greater adaptability and behavioral flexibility. Learn how individuals can optimize their survival and reproduction strategies through learning and adjusting behavior.
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