30 Questions
What was the primary form of payment for slaves during the medieval era?
Food and shelter
What was the primary purpose of the recruitment system developed during the Industrial Revolution era?
To meet the need for manpower
What was the most important aspect of the 4-fold test that defined the employee and employer relationship during the Industrial Revolution era?
Control of workers
What was the primary purpose of the indentured labor system during the medieval era?
To provide a means for workers to pay off their debts
What was the result of the exploitation of workers during the Industrial Revolution era?
The ill treatment and exploitation of workers
What was the primary purpose of the trade union movement during the Trade Union Movement era?
To group workers with mutual interests into workers’ associations
What is the primary responsibility of managerial positions in the HRM model?
Developing strategies and techniques
What is the purpose of job evaluation in the HRM model?
To determine the work value of a job
Which component of the HRM model is responsible for providing a healthy environment and resolving conflicts?
Tactical work
What is the primary focus of talent management in the HRM model?
Recruitment and selection
What is the purpose of job specification in the HRM model?
To outline the minimal acceptable qualifications for a job
What is the primary responsibility of the total rewards component in the HRM model?
Providing monetary and non-monetary benefits
Who is credited as the Father of the Human Relations movement?
Elton Mayo
What is the focus of the Behavioral Science era in Human Resource Management?
Understanding human behavior to improve productivity
What is the primary goal of the Systems and Contingency era in Human Resource Management?
Make data-driven decisions
What does KSA stand for in the context of Human Resource Management?
Knowledge, Skills, Abilities
What is the role of the Human Resource Management department in an organization?
Concerned with all transactions and concerns related to people
What is the outcome of effectively using human resources in an organization?
Giving reason to stay and managing human capital
What was the primary purpose of early labor associations?
To safeguard the interests of their members and resolve employment-related issues
What is the term for a stoppage of work initiated by employees?
Strike
Which era of labor management focused on the professional relationship between employers and employees to improve productivity?
Scientific Management Era
Who is known as the father of scientific management and a leader of the efficiency movement?
Frederick Winslow Taylor
What was the outcome of the Social Responsibility Era in terms of labor laws?
Child labor was abolished
What is the assumption underlying the Human Relations Era?
Happy workers are productive
What is the primary goal of human resource planning in workforce planning?
To estimate and monitor the number of employees
Which of the following methods is used to collect information about a job by asking a supervisor about the duties?
Technical Conference Method
What is the outcome of job analysis that involves attracting and inviting applicants?
Recruitment
Which of the following is an internal source of recruitment?
Promotion of an existing employee
What is the process of hiring new resources through the references of existing employees?
Employee Referrals
Which of the following is a benefit of human resource planning in workforce planning?
Ensuring replacement
Study Notes
Evolution of Human Resource Management
- In the Medieval Era, there were three types of laborers: slaves, serfs, and indentured labor
- Slaves had no rights and were paid in food to survive
- Serfs were given land for farming and were protected by the landowner
- Indentured labor worked to pay off debts and were often abused
Industrial Revolution Era
- The Industrial Revolution introduced the concept of factories with large workforces
- Three HRM systems developed: recruitment, training, and control of workers
- The philosophy of managing workers was based on a master-servant relationship
- The industrial revolution witnessed ill treatment and exploitation of workers
Trade Union Movement Era
- Group of workers with mutual interests formed workers' associations, known as trade unions
- Elton Mayo is known as the Father of Human Relations movement
- The "Hawthorne Studies" revealed the impact of social factors, informal groups, motivation, and employee satisfaction on productivity
Human Resource Management Era
- Adi Godrej: "All corporate strengths are dependent on people"
- Human Resource Management is an integrated approach considering management of human resources in its totality based on empirical data
- HRM involves three major responsibilities: transactional work, tactical work, and strategic work
HRM Model
- Strategy planning: responsibility of managerial positions
- Compliance: external environment
- Talent management: recruitment and selection
- Performance management: appraisal and evaluation of employees
- Training and development: to make employees more competitive
- Total rewards: monetary and non-monetary benefits
- Health and safety: ensuring employees are healthy and fit to work
- Employee/labor relations: handling complaints
Job Description and Specification
- Job description: what the job entails
- Job specification: minimal acceptable qualification needed
Staffing
- Staffing is talent management, getting the right people for the right job
- Two sources of staffing: internal and external
- Internal sources: promotion, transfer, internal advertisement, retired managers, recall from long leave, employee referrals
- External sources: advertisement, job portals, etc.
Eras of Human Resource Management
- Scientific Management Era: focused on professional relationship between employer and employees to improve productivity
- Human Relations Era: happy workers are productive workers, identifying and encouraging human relation factors to improve production and satisfaction
- Humanistic Approach: treating employees with dignity and respect
- Paternalistic Approach: employers taking care of employees like a father figure
Take this quiz to test your knowledge on the historical development of human resource management, from the medieval era to the industrial revolution. Learn about the different types of laborers, their working conditions, and the impact of industrialization on the workforce.
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