Podcast
Questions and Answers
What mechanism do built-in controls rely on according to the content?
What mechanism do built-in controls rely on according to the content?
- Deterrents such as personal shame and fear (correct)
- Community service and rehabilitation programs
- Strict laws and regulations
- Physical punishments and imprisonment
How does modern technology serve as a form of social control?
How does modern technology serve as a form of social control?
- By creating fear through surveillance methods (correct)
- By eliminating the need for traditional laws
- By offering rewards for good behavior
- By fostering stronger community relationships
What is the primary purpose of a family as outlined in the content?
What is the primary purpose of a family as outlined in the content?
- To enforce laws and regulations in the community
- To create a social hierarchy within society
- To share responsibility for reproduction and emotional ties (correct)
- To provide financial support to its members
What defines family classification according to the content?
What defines family classification according to the content?
What was the consequence mentioned for not adhering to social norms in the content?
What was the consequence mentioned for not adhering to social norms in the content?
What is role conflict?
What is role conflict?
What are role expectations?
What are role expectations?
Which scenario best exemplifies role exit?
Which scenario best exemplifies role exit?
Why might someone struggle to complete assignments on time?
Why might someone struggle to complete assignments on time?
What is an out-group?
What is an out-group?
What does the action stage in role exit refer to?
What does the action stage in role exit refer to?
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of reciprocal roles?
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of reciprocal roles?
How do in-group members typically view out-group members?
How do in-group members typically view out-group members?
What does it mean to occupy a status?
What does it mean to occupy a status?
Which of the following best describes a reference group?
Which of the following best describes a reference group?
Which of the following roles is generally difficult to exit from?
Which of the following roles is generally difficult to exit from?
What characterizes a primary group?
What characterizes a primary group?
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a secondary group?
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a secondary group?
What is a defining feature of an in-group?
What is a defining feature of an in-group?
Which of these groups is considered a secondary group?
Which of these groups is considered a secondary group?
What leads to the creation of a new identity during role exit?
What leads to the creation of a new identity during role exit?
What is the primary purpose of social controls in society?
What is the primary purpose of social controls in society?
Which type of sanctions are considered formal?
Which type of sanctions are considered formal?
Informal social controls are typically enforced by which of the following?
Informal social controls are typically enforced by which of the following?
Which of the following is an example of informal social control?
Which of the following is an example of informal social control?
What role did religion play in social control during the 1600s?
What role did religion play in social control during the 1600s?
What is a characteristic of formal sanctions?
What is a characteristic of formal sanctions?
Which of these statements about social control is false?
Which of these statements about social control is false?
The agents of social control include which of the following?
The agents of social control include which of the following?
What is the main idea behind Structural-Functionalism as proposed by Emile Durkheim?
What is the main idea behind Structural-Functionalism as proposed by Emile Durkheim?
What does the term 'anomie' refer to in the context of deviance?
What does the term 'anomie' refer to in the context of deviance?
According to Strain Theory, what leads to deviance?
According to Strain Theory, what leads to deviance?
How does the context of time influence perceptions of deviance?
How does the context of time influence perceptions of deviance?
What illustrates the importance of place in defining deviance?
What illustrates the importance of place in defining deviance?
Which of the following best describes conformity according to Strain Theory?
Which of the following best describes conformity according to Strain Theory?
In the context of deviance, what is the impact of individual and cultural perceptions?
In the context of deviance, what is the impact of individual and cultural perceptions?
Which example best illustrates a context-dependent view of deviance?
Which example best illustrates a context-dependent view of deviance?
What does the term 'compadrazgo' refer to in the context of kinship?
What does the term 'compadrazgo' refer to in the context of kinship?
Which of the following best describes 'suki relationships'?
Which of the following best describes 'suki relationships'?
What principle emphasizes respect for elders as authority figures?
What principle emphasizes respect for elders as authority figures?
What is considered a socially sanctioned union between men and women?
What is considered a socially sanctioned union between men and women?
In the context of social relations, what does 'pakikipagkapwa' signify?
In the context of social relations, what does 'pakikipagkapwa' signify?
What does 'utang na loob' refer to in Filipino culture?
What does 'utang na loob' refer to in Filipino culture?
Which statement about kinship in the Philippines is accurate?
Which statement about kinship in the Philippines is accurate?
What defines the nature of friendship in Filipino culture?
What defines the nature of friendship in Filipino culture?
Flashcards
Role Expectations
Role Expectations
Behaviors and actions expected of someone holding a particular social position.
Role Conflict
Role Conflict
When the expectations of different social roles clash.
Role Exit
Role Exit
Leaving a social role that was once central to your life.
Role
Role
Signup and view all the flashcards
Reciprocal Role
Reciprocal Role
Signup and view all the flashcards
Out-group
Out-group
Signup and view all the flashcards
Social Status
Social Status
Signup and view all the flashcards
Completing Assignments
Completing Assignments
Signup and view all the flashcards
Social Control
Social Control
Signup and view all the flashcards
Built-in Controls
Built-in Controls
Signup and view all the flashcards
External Controls
External Controls
Signup and view all the flashcards
Family
Family
Signup and view all the flashcards
Lineage
Lineage
Signup and view all the flashcards
Formal Sanctions
Formal Sanctions
Signup and view all the flashcards
Informal Sanctions
Informal Sanctions
Signup and view all the flashcards
Agents of Social Control
Agents of Social Control
Signup and view all the flashcards
What were societies like before formal social control?
What were societies like before formal social control?
Signup and view all the flashcards
How does religion act as a social control?
How does religion act as a social control?
Signup and view all the flashcards
Why is social control necessary?
Why is social control necessary?
Signup and view all the flashcards
What are some examples of informal sanctions?
What are some examples of informal sanctions?
Signup and view all the flashcards
Reference Group
Reference Group
Signup and view all the flashcards
Primary Group
Primary Group
Signup and view all the flashcards
Secondary Group
Secondary Group
Signup and view all the flashcards
Social Group
Social Group
Signup and view all the flashcards
Formal Organization
Formal Organization
Signup and view all the flashcards
Deviance
Deviance
Signup and view all the flashcards
Social Norms
Social Norms
Signup and view all the flashcards
Anomie
Anomie
Signup and view all the flashcards
Strain Theory
Strain Theory
Signup and view all the flashcards
Conformity
Conformity
Signup and view all the flashcards
Structural-Functionalism
Structural-Functionalism
Signup and view all the flashcards
Context Matters
Context Matters
Signup and view all the flashcards
Compadrazgo
Compadrazgo
Signup and view all the flashcards
Suki Relationships
Suki Relationships
Signup and view all the flashcards
Patron-Client Bonds
Patron-Client Bonds
Signup and view all the flashcards
Pakikipagkapwa
Pakikipagkapwa
Signup and view all the flashcards
Utang na Loob
Utang na Loob
Signup and view all the flashcards
Hiya
Hiya
Signup and view all the flashcards
What's the basis of kinship in the Philippines?
What's the basis of kinship in the Philippines?
Signup and view all the flashcards
Why is respecting elders important in Filipino culture?
Why is respecting elders important in Filipino culture?
Signup and view all the flashcards
Study Notes
Evolution
- Evolution is a natural process of biological change across generations.
- Darwinism proposes evolution through natural selection, where organisms develop through inherited variations that aid survival and reproduction.
- The Madrid International Exhibition of 1887 displayed Igorots, who were treated as "missing links" to support Darwinism. José Rizal, a Filipino, was outraged by this dehumanizing representation.
- The display reinforced racial stereotypes.
Genetics and Evolution
- Genetic information is encoded in DNA and guides organism development, influencing new species.
- Genetic mutations change gene DNA sequences, sometimes creating new traits.
- Incest can lead to weakened offspring (example from "Santa Nina").
Homeobox Genes
- These genes control body plan formation during development.
Natural Selection
- Environmental factors influence biological characteristics (body changes or alterations).
Creationism
- Belief that a divine being created the universe.
- It explains phenomena that science can't currently answer.
History vs. Kasaysayan
- History is a eurocentric term focused on written records and interpretation of the past.
- Kasaysayan is a Filipino term, focusing on any meaningful narrative about societal change.
Study of Prehistory
- Artifacts and fossils help archaeologists learn about ancient cultures and life.
- Artifacts are human-made objects. Fossils are remains/traces of ancient organisms.
- To differentiate fossils from artifacts, look for alterations in fossils.
Early Humans
- Mesolithic period transition from the Paleolithic (Old Stone Age) to the Neolithic (New Stone Age).
- Early hominids were found in Africa, Asia and Europe in the Miocene epoch.
- Hominids include humans, chimpanzees, gorillas, and orangutans.
- Australopithecines were early bipedal hominids.
Homo Habilis and Homo Erectus
- Early members of the genus Homo, skilled in toolmaking.
- Homo erectus had advanced tools.
- Neanderthals were an extinct species with beliefs about life after death.
- Cro-Magnon humans are known for cave paintings.
Social Interactions
- Social interaction is essential regardless of whether someone feels alone.
- Social interaction can be formal (institutions, meetings) or informal.
- People use symbols and gestures in communication.
- Symbolic interactionism describes how people communicate using shared meanings.
Social Structure
- The framework of relationships in society.
- Elements include statuses, roles, groups, and networks.
Social Status
- Socially defined positions in society.
- Ascribed statuses are assigned; achieved statuses are earned.
Social Roles
- A set of expectations associated with a social status.
- Role strain conflicts when someone struggles with one role's demands and Role conflict conflicts between demands of different roles.
Role Conflict and Role Strain
- Conflicts when multiple roles have incompatible requirements.
- Strain arises from difficulties fulfilling demands of a single role.
Cooperation, Conflict, Competition, and Coercion
- Cooperation is collaborative effort for a common goal.
- Conflict is a struggle between individuals/groups over goals.
- Competition is individuals vying for a common goal.
- Coercion is forcing a particular behaviour on people.
Social Networks
- Series of relationships linking people directly or indirectly.
- Relationships may involve personal and professional relationships.
Social Institutions
- Interrelated systems of norms and social roles.
- Examples include family, political system, economic system, education and religion.
Bureaucracy
- Organizational component using rules, hierarchies, and standardized procedures.
- Key characteristics include division of labor, hierarchy of authority, written rules/regulations, impersonality, and employment based on qualifications.
Family
- A group of people related by blood, marriage, or social agreement.
- Functions include reproduction, protection, socialization, regulation of behaviour, and provision of emotional support.
- Structures include nuclear, extended, and transnational families.
Marriage
- A socially approved union between two people.
- The forms of marriage include monogamous and polygamous.
- Polygamy involves one person with multiple spouses.
- Homogamy is the tendency for partners to have similar characteristics.
Deviance
- Actions seen as violating socially accepted norms, and the societal response to this.
- Theories include structural-functionalism, strain theory, and symbolic interactionism.
- Deviance is learned through interaction, and can also depend on time, place, situation and culture.
Social Control
- Methods of regulating people's behaviour.
- Forms may be formal (legal sanctions) and informal (social pressure).
- Religion and technology are also forms of social control.
Kinship
- Relationships between individuals.
- Kinship can be defined by blood, marriage, or shared rituals.
Adoption, Dual-Income Families, and Single-Parent Families
- Adoption is legally transferring parenthood.
- Dual-income families have both parents working.
- Single-parent families are headed by one parent.
Same Sex Marriage
- Legal union of people of the same sex in some places.
Family Classification
- Categorization of families, based on lineage, authority and residence patterns.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.