Evolution and Diversity of Life on Earth
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Questions and Answers

What is the theory of spontaneous generation or abiogenesis?

  • The theory that maggots arise from decaying meat
  • The belief that life could appear from nonliving material (correct)
  • The idea that life originates from preexisting life
  • The concept that flies grow from cattle manure

    • What was one of the beliefs about the origin of life under the theory of spontaneous generation?

  • Fish could come from mud of dried lakes
  • Lice could come from sweat
  • Mice could arise from decaying meat
  • Flies could grow from cattle manure (correct)

    • What did biogenesis propose as the origin of life?

  • Life originates from preexisting life (correct)
  • Flies grow from cattle manure
  • Life could appear from nonliving material
  • Maggots arise from decaying meat

    • What did Francesco Redi's experiment aim to challenge?

    <p>The theory of spontaneous generation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which belief was the primary theory on the origin of life until the seventeenth century?

    <p>Spontaneous generation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the main conclusion drawn from Redi's experiment?

    <p>Life arose from living matter, not from spontaneous generation in the meat</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the flaw in Needham's experiment?

    <p>The broth was not heated long enough to kill all the microbes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the outcome of Spallanzani's experiment on the two glass containers?

    <p>The sealed container remained sterile while the open container had a population of microorganisms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the purpose of Louis Pasteur's experiment with the flasks with long necks?

    <p>To test the idea that a vital element from air was necessary for life to occur</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did Louis Pasteur's experiment with the cut neck of the flask demonstrate?

    <p>Microorganisms could easily enter the flask through the cut neck</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does evolution refer to?

    <p>The cumulative change in a population of organisms over time</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why can bacteria and insects go through an evolutionary fast track?

    <p>Because they can reproduce quickly and generate mutations at a rapid rate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for the diversity of life on Earth?

    <p>The emergence and disappearance of many organisms that diversify into various forms to survive</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor allows bacteria to evolve quickly?

    <p>Rapid generation of mutations and the ability to transfer adaptive traits</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main driving force behind evolution according to the text?

    <p>Adaptive characteristics that allow organisms to survive</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who was the first scientist to propose the idea that species, including humans, descended from other species?

    <p>Jean Baptiste Lamarck</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which scientist believed in the physical desire of an animal determining how the body will develop and changes in organ size caused by use or disuse being inherited by the offspring?

    <p>Jean Baptiste Lamarck</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who proposed a mechanism of the change in species attributed to natural laws, not miracles?

    <p>Jean Baptiste Lamarck</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which scientist made detailed observations supporting a deeper explanation on how living things evolve?

    <p>Alfred Russel Wallace</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who drew almost identical explanations on how the mechanisms of evolution might have occurred, working independently from Charles Darwin?

    <p>Alfred Russel Wallace</p> Signup and view all the answers

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