Module 5: Evidence-Based Practices for Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)

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Questions and Answers

What are the top reasons for the significance of Evidence-Based Practices (EBPs) in special education and therapeutic services?

They are required by laws/ethics/policies/guidelines of the state or education systems, they establish effectiveness and efficiency in objective manner, many funding sources require EBPs (correct)

They are important for obtaining government funding for educational programs, they establish efficient and efficacy standards in an objective way, and they may be required by international community

They ensure that educational policies and ethical guidelines are followed, the staff implementing the strategies are trained in objective ways, they may be required by private funding agencies

They establish the effectiveness and efficiency of interventions objectively

Which legislation first introduced the concept of Free and Appropriate Public Education (FAPE) for all children regardless of disability/diagnosis?

1975: The Education for all Handicapped Children Act and when amended called IDEA law (correct)

1990: The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) and once amended called The Education for all Handicapped Children Act

1980: The Americans with Disabilities Act and when amended called IDEA law

2004: The No Child Left Behind Act and was not amended

What is the main focus of ABA?

Understanding philosophical science of behavior and changing challenging behavior (like tantrums, non-compliance, aggression and self-injury)only

Using theoretical science of behavior to determine function of behavior and implementing behavior intervention plans to bring about socially significant change in challenging behavior

Establishing socially significant behavioral goals that allow the client to meet their highest potential/independence based on their age, environmental needs, culture, and the requirements of the community they live in (correct)

Implementing Applied Behavior Analysis in natural settings

What is the role of motivating operations in behavior?

To alter the effectiveness of a reward/reinforcement such that a behavior is more or less likely to occur (in terms of frequency and duration) as well as increase/decrease any behaviors leading to the behavior Signup and view all the answers

What does a preference assessment aim to determine?

What the client 'likes' or finds reinforcing Signup and view all the answers

What is the central concept in ABA represented by the 'ABC's of Behavior'?

Antecedents, behavior, and consequences governing behavior Signup and view all the answers

What is the most important responsibility of school districts as per the Individuals with Disabilities Education and Improvement Act (IDEIA)?

To ensure that their students have access to individualized education/services/accommodations to reach their maximum potential Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of Functional Behavioral Assessments (FBA)?

To conduct an ABC analysis and determine a hypothesis of function(s) of target behavior(s) in order to create the behavior intervention plans Signup and view all the answers

What is the hierarchy of prompting in consequence-based strategies?

Full physical, partial physical, gestural, model, vocal prompting, partial vocal prompting, natural antecedent Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of Differential Reinforcement (DR)?

To reinforce/prompt alternative and/or incompatible but socially significant behavior and provide reinforcement for that instead of challenging behavior Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Significance of Evidence-Based Practices (EBPs)

EBPs enhance educational outcomes for students with disabilities by using proven methods.
They promote consistency in service delivery, ensuring that interventions are effective and measurable.
EBPs support the individualized approach, addressing the unique needs of each learner.

Legislation on Free and Appropriate Public Education (FAPE)

FAPE was first introduced through the Education for All Handicapped Children Act of 1975.
It mandates that all children, regardless of ability or disability, receive equal access to education.

Main Focus of ABA

Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA) primarily focuses on understanding and modifying behavior.
ABA utilizes techniques to improve socially significant behaviors through evidence-based interventions.

Role of Motivating Operations in Behavior

Motivating operations influence an individual's desire for a particular reinforcer, affecting behavior.
They can increase or decrease the value of a reinforcer, thus altering the likelihood of related behaviors occurring.

Purpose of Preference Assessment

A preference assessment aims to identify what items or activities are most reinforcing for an individual.
This information guides intervention strategies, increasing motivation and engagement.

Central Concept in ABA: 'ABC's of Behavior'

The 'ABC's of Behavior refer to Antecedents, Behaviors, and Consequences.
This framework helps practitioners analyze behavior patterns to determine triggers and outcomes.

Responsibility of School Districts Under IDEIA

School districts must provide a Free Appropriate Public Education (FAPE) tailored to each student's needs.
They are legally obligated to develop and implement Individualized Education Programs (IEPs) for eligible students.

Purpose of Functional Behavioral Assessments (FBA)

FBAs serve to identify the reasons behind challenging behaviors in students.
The goal is to develop effective interventions by understanding the context and triggers of the behavior.

Hierarchy of Prompting in Consequence-Based Strategies

Prompts are arranged from least intrusive to most intrusive to encourage desired behaviors.
This hierarchy helps ensure that supports are fadeable, promoting independence over time.

Primary Goal of Differential Reinforcement (DR)

Differential Reinforcement aims to increase desirable behaviors while decreasing undesirable ones.
It reinforces specific behaviors while withholding reinforcement for inappropriate or undesired behaviors.

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Description

Test your knowledge of evidence-based practices for working with individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), including the initiatives by the National Autism Center and the National Professional Development Center. Explore the effectiveness of 14 strategies evaluated in the National Standards project and 27 evidence-based practices identified by the NPDC.