Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which environmental factor is associated with an increased risk of Autism Spectrum Disorder?
Which environmental factor is associated with an increased risk of Autism Spectrum Disorder?
Which one of the following is an ASD diagnostic characteristic?
Which one of the following is an ASD diagnostic characteristic?
What has been hotly debated as a potential environmental cause of autism but has been debunked via research?
What has been hotly debated as a potential environmental cause of autism but has been debunked via research?
Which brain regions are most affected in people with ASD?
Which brain regions are most affected in people with ASD?
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Which of the following describe developmental changes that have been linked to the development of Autism Spectrum Disorder?
Which of the following describe developmental changes that have been linked to the development of Autism Spectrum Disorder?
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Who theorized that autism was caused by 'refrigerator mothers'?
Who theorized that autism was caused by 'refrigerator mothers'?
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Which act was enacted in 1975 to protect the rights of children with disabilities, including autism?
Which act was enacted in 1975 to protect the rights of children with disabilities, including autism?
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What did twin studies show about autism?
What did twin studies show about autism?
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What are the core diagnostic criteria for Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) according to DSM-5?
What are the core diagnostic criteria for Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) according to DSM-5?
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What is the approximate ratio of boys to girls affected by Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)?
What is the approximate ratio of boys to girls affected by Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)?
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Study Notes
Characteristics and Statistics of Autism Spectrum Disorder
- The DSM-5 outlines core diagnostic criteria for Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) including persistent deficits in social communication and interaction, restricted and repetitive patterns of behavior, symptoms present in early developmental period, causing significant impairment, and not attributed to intellectual disability or global developmental delay.
- The severity of ASD is categorized into three levels: Level 1 requiring support, Level 2 requiring substantial support, and Level 3 requiring very substantial support.
- Historical prevalence estimates show an increase in the mid-1990s, with recent data from the CDC indicating a diagnosis rate of 1 in 36 children in the US.
- International prevalence rates show a mean of 1 in 152 individuals diagnosed with ASD, with underdiagnosis particularly prevalent in low socioeconomic status, minority, and immigrant populations.
- Regression, or loss of skills, occurs in 1 in 4 children diagnosed with ASD and is associated with more severe symptoms.
- Approximately 69% of individuals with ASD have a co-occurring intellectual disability, and epilepsy is 10 to 30 times more prevalent in individuals with ASD, particularly in those with moderate to severe intellectual disabilities.
- Prevalence rates vary among states, with New Jersey reporting the highest rate at 1 in 41 and South Carolina the lowest at 1 in 81.
- White non-Hispanic children are more likely to be identified with ASD compared to Black non-Hispanic and Hispanic children, and Black and Hispanic children are less likely to be evaluated for concerns by age 3 compared to White children.
- The majority of children with ASD do not receive a diagnosis by a community provider until age 4, and special education systems play an important role in identifying children with ASD.
- Factors contributing to the increase in ASD prevalence include increased awareness, broadening of classification criteria, different case-finding methods, and service availability.
- Epidemiologists argue that ASD is influenced by biological, cultural, and psychological factors, and its conceptualization affects diagnosis and treatment.
- ASD is about 4.5 times more common among boys than girls.
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Description
Test your knowledge of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) with this quiz on its characteristics and statistics. Explore the DSM-5 criteria, prevalence rates, co-occurring conditions, and factors contributing to the increase in ASD prevalence. Understand the severity levels, regression, diagnostic disparities, and the role of special education systems.
