38 Questions
What is evidence-based practice in counselling?
An integration of evidence to determine truth in practice
What is the purpose of student feedback surveys on teaching and the unit?
Continuous improvement on the unit and professional development
How many core psychotherapeutic approaches were introduced in Lecture 2?
Three
What does the acknowledgment of the traditional custodians of the Macquarie University land signify?
Recognition and respect for the indigenous culture and customs
What is the estimated improvement percentage due to the placebo effect?
30%
Which type of research involves manipulation of variables, such as in a randomised controlled trial?
Experimental research
What is the main purpose of systematic reviews and meta-analyses in research?
To evaluate the quality of different studies and draw overall conclusions
Which type of research method is used for understanding human experience, social processes, cultural patterns, and unique stories?
Qualitative methods
What is the term for the improvement due to experiencing an intervention or event?
Placebo effect
Which type of study must consider randomization and hold constant all factors that might affect the dependent variable?
Well-designed study
What is the term for the improvement in behavior or performance that is due to the participant's awareness of being observed?
Hawthorne Effect
What type of research method involves studying a group of people at one point in time to examine correlations?
Cross-sectional study
What is the term for the phenomenon where people or patients improve simply because they believe they are receiving a special treatment or intervention?
Expectancy effect
Which type of research method involves studying a group of individuals over a long period of time to observe changes or outcomes?
Longitudinal study
What is the term for the phenomenon where people naturally get better over time without any specific intervention?
Natural recovery
What is the term for the extent to which a study measures what it claims to measure?
Internal validity
What does Evidence-Based Practice (EBP) aim to improve?
Quality, effectiveness, and appropriateness of clinical practice
What does Eminence-based practice refer to?
Professionals relying on outdated knowledge and habits
What does Evidence-Based Practice rely on?
Critical thinking skills, evidence evaluation, awareness of bias, ethical practice, and clinical reasoning
What may some health-related fields still rely on, leading to mistakes and lack of accountability?
Experience and seniority
What is the self-help industry often lacking to support its interventions?
Evidence
What may social media perpetuate, leading to self-diagnosis and self-treatment?
Misinformation and oversimplification
What may fasting have temporary benefits on, but can lead to harmful outcomes?
Mood
What do Ionic foot spas claiming to release toxins lack?
Scientific evidence
What must therapists demonstrate to practice evidence-based psychology and mental health care?
Accountability, advocacy, altruism, and continuous learning
What is important to seek to effectively support clients and the public in mental health and wellness?
Reliable sources and to avoid misinformation
What factor increases the placebo effect, according to the text?
Big pills work better than smaller pills
What is emphasized as a requirement to make treatment claims that are evidence-based?
Replicating studies for contextual relevance
What is the main focus of the lecture in relation to evidence-based practice in counseling?
Exploring the placebo effect as a threat to internal validity
According to the text, what is a potential consequence if actions or decisions are not supported by evidence?
Being found negligent
What is highlighted as a requirement to determine the quality of evidence in research?
Critiquing and assessing the methodological and ethical soundness of a study
What is the potential consequence of keeping personal biases from contaminating results?
Improving the reliability of findings
What is the focus of the APA Presidential Task Force on Evidence-Based Practice?
Promoting evidence-based practice in psychology
What is the potential consequence of making claims cautiously?
Enhancing the acceptance of findings
What is important for therapists to be familiar with and make effective use of in evidence-based practice?
Each other’s research
What is the main purpose of systematic reviews and meta-analyses in research?
To synthesize and evaluate existing evidence
What is emphasized as a potential consequence of promoting an environment of professionalism?
Enhancing the reliability of findings
What is the estimated percentage of improvement due to the placebo effect, as mentioned in the text?
30%
Study Notes
Evidence-Based Practice in Psychology and Mental Health
- Evidence-Based Practice (EBP) aims to improve the quality, effectiveness, and appropriateness of clinical practice, reduce variations in practice patterns, substantiate care, and involve clients in decision making.
- EBP relies on critical thinking skills, evidence evaluation, awareness of bias, ethical practice, and clinical reasoning.
- Eminence-based practice refers to professionals relying on outdated knowledge and habits, potentially compromising the quality of care.
- Some health-related fields still rely on experience and seniority, which may lead to mistakes and lack of accountability.
- Pseudoscientific practices like physiognomy and phrenology from the 1800s are making a modern "comeback" despite lacking evidence.
- The self-help industry, worth $80 billion annually, often lacks evidence to support its interventions.
- DiveThru, a mental health app, offers self-directed exercises but lacks meaningful interaction, potentially undermining its effectiveness.
- Social media can perpetuate misinformation and oversimplify complex health and wellness issues, leading to self-diagnosis and self-treatment.
- Fasting may have temporary mood benefits but can lead to harmful mental health outcomes and disordered eating attitudes and behaviors.
- Ionic foot spas claiming to release toxins lack scientific evidence and may cause chemical imbalances in the mind and body.
- Therapists must demonstrate accountability, advocacy, altruism, and continuous learning to practice evidence-based psychology and mental health care.
- It is important to seek reliable sources and avoid misinformation to effectively support clients and the public in mental health and wellness.
Test your knowledge of evidence-based practice in psychology and mental health with this quiz. Explore the principles of EBP, the dangers of eminence-based practice, and the impact of pseudoscientific and unreliable practices on mental health care.
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