Evidence-Based Practice in Nursing

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Questions and Answers

Where does the best evidence for evidence-based practice come from?

Well-designed, systematically conducted research studies reported in scientific journals (correct)

Clinicians’ expertise

Consensus or position statements

General literature reviews

What is evidence-based practice (EBP)?

A problem-solving approach to clinical practice that only considers the available health care resources

A problem-solving approach to clinical practice that only relies on patient preferences and values

A problem-solving approach to clinical practice that disregards patient preferences and values

A problem-solving approach to clinical practice that combines the best available evidence with a clinician’s expertise, patient preferences and values, and available health care resources (correct)

What does Melnyk and Fineout-Overholt's model for evidence-based practice include?

Seven steps (correct)

Three steps

Five steps

Ten steps

What type of evidence is valuable in informing about practice issues in a setting?

Retrospective or concurrent chart review Signup and view all the answers

What is the first step in Melnyk and Fineout-Overholt's model for evidence-based practice?

Cultivate a spirit of inquiry within an EBP culture and environment Signup and view all the answers

What does EBP ensure when skills and procedures are performed on patients?

Best practices for efficiency, patient safety, and clinical effectiveness Signup and view all the answers

Which component is optional for a clinical question in the PICO(T) format?

Time Signup and view all the answers

What is recommended to implement before conducting an EBP project?

Pilot project Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of critical appraisal checklists?

To review and critique each article Signup and view all the answers

What is crucial during an EBP pilot project?

Collection of outcome measures Signup and view all the answers

In the evidence pyramid, where is the strongest level of evidence placed?

At the top Signup and view all the answers

What is essential for a successful EBP project?

Clear identification of outcomes to be measured Signup and view all the answers

What does the evidence pyramid represent?

A hierarchy for rating available scientific evidence Signup and view all the answers

What is used to rapidly review each article from a literature search?

Critical appraisal checklists Signup and view all the answers

What does EBP ensure when skills and procedures are performed on patients?

Improved patient outcomes Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Evidence-Based Practice (EBP)

EBP integrates the best available evidence, clinical expertise, and patient preferences into healthcare decision-making.
Primary sources for EBP evidence are systematic reviews, randomized controlled trials, cohort studies, and expert opinions.

Melnyk and Fineout-Overholt's Model

The model for EBP involves several components including asking a clinical question, acquiring evidence, appraising the evidence, applying the evidence, and assessing outcomes.
The first step is to formulate a clear, answerable question, often using the PICO(T) format: Patient/Problem, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome, and Time.

Types of Evidence

Hierarchical structure evaluates evidence types, with systematic reviews and meta-analyses offering the strongest guidance for practice.
Qualitative data and guidelines can also provide valuable insights into practice issues but are typically lower on the evidence hierarchy.

Importance of EBP

EBP ensures that skills and procedures performed on patients are safe, effective, and based on the latest scientific findings.
Critical appraisal checklists are primarily designed to assess the quality and relevance of research findings.

Implementation Considerations

Implementing an EBP project often requires conducting a thorough literature review and ensuring appropriate training for involved personnel.
Crucial factors during a pilot project include continuous monitoring, obtaining feedback, and adjusting practices based on real-time data and outcomes.

PICO(T) Format

In the PICO(T) format, the time component (T) is often considered optional, depending on the specific question being addressed.
This structured approach helps clarify the focus of inquiry and streamline the evidence-gathering process.

Evidence Pyramid

The evidence pyramid ranks various types of research, placing systematic reviews and meta-analyses at the top as the strongest level of evidence.
The pyramid visually represents the hierarchy of research evidence, illustrating the varying levels of reliability and quality.

Success Factors for EBP

Essential elements for a successful EBP project include effective teamwork, a supportive organizational culture, and a commitment to continuous education.
Rapid reviews of articles from a literature search facilitate quick assessments and incorporation of valid research findings into clinical practice.

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Description

Test your knowledge of evidence-based practice (EBP) in nursing with this quiz. Learn about how nurses use the best available evidence, clinical expertise, patient preferences, and resources to make decisions about patient care.