30 Questions
What is the primary purpose of using the PICOT format in evidence-based practice?
To formulate a clear and concise clinical question
Which of the following sources is NOT a recommended source for searching for evidence in evidence-based practice?
Patient feedback surveys
What is the primary goal of critically appraising evidence in evidence-based practice?
To determine the value, feasibility, and usefulness of evidence
What is the primary purpose of integrating evidence into practice?
To apply the research in your plan of care for a patient and use evidence as rationale
What is the primary benefit of cultivating a spirit of inquiry in evidence-based practice?
To foster a culture of continuous learning and improvement
What is the primary purpose of cultivating a spirit of inquiry in evidence-based practice?
To encourage constant questioning of current practices
What is the main goal of critically appraising evidence in evidence-based practice?
To synthesize the research findings to inform practice
What is the primary purpose of conducting a pilot study in evidence-based practice?
To determine the feasibility of implementing a change in practice
What is the final step in the evidence-based practice process?
Integrating evidence into practice
What is the role of PICOT format in evidence-based practice?
To formulate a clinical question
What is the primary outcome of integrating evidence into practice?
Enhanced patient outcomes
What is the primary source of evidence in evidence-based practice?
Well-designed, systematically conducted research studies
What is the final step of evidence-based practice?
Communicating the outcomes of the practice decision
What is the primary reason for searching for evidence in evidence-based practice?
To answer a clinical question
Which type of research study is focused on the benefits, risks, costs, and holistic effects of a treatment on patients?
Outcomes research
What is the primary goal of nursing research?
To identify new knowledge and improve professional education and practice
Which phase of translation research involves testing safety and efficacy in a small group of human subjects?
Phase 1 clinical trials
What is the primary purpose of critically appraising evidence?
To evaluate the validity and reliability of research findings
What is the role of outcomes research in evidence-based practice?
To help patients, health care providers, and those in health care policy make informed decisions on the basis of current evidence
What is the primary goal of cultivating a spirit of inquiry?
To foster a culture of curiosity and critical thinking
What is the primary purpose of searching for evidence?
To find the best available evidence to inform practice
What is the primary role of integrating evidence into practice?
To translate research findings into practice
What is the primary purpose of PICOT format?
To frame a research question in a systematic and organized way
What is the primary purpose of evaluating the outcomes of an evidence-based practice change?
To determine the effectiveness of the change and identify areas for modification
What is essential to consider when implementing a practice change?
The potential outcomes of the change, including unexpected events
What is the primary goal of cultivating a spirit of inquiry in an organization?
To foster a culture of continuous learning and improvement
Who should be involved in communicating the outcomes of an evidence-based practice decision?
Clinical staff, nursing practice council, EBP council, clinicians, and researchers
What is necessary to sustain knowledge use in an organization?
Incorporating the change into the culture and practice environment
What is the primary focus of integrating evidence into practice?
Teaching tools, clinical practice guidelines, and policies and procedures
What should be considered when appraising evidence for an EBP decision?
The quality and relevance of the evidence
Study Notes
Evidence-Based Practice
- Definition: A problem-solving approach to clinical practice that combines the best evidence with a clinician's expertise, patient preferences and values, and healthcare resources in making decisions about patient care.
- Combines the best evidence from well-designed, systematically conducted research studies found in scientific, peer-reviewed journals with a clinician's expertise and patient preferences.
The Need for Evidence-Based Practice
- Steps of Evidence-Based Practice:
- Cultivate a spirit of inquiry
- Ask a clinical question in PICOT format
- Search for the best evidence
- Critically appraise the evidence
- Integrate the evidence
- Evaluate the outcomes of practice decisions or changes
- Communicate the outcomes of the evidence-based practice decision
- PICOT format:
- P: Patient population of interest
- I: Intervention of interest
- C: Comparison of interest
- O: Outcome
- T: Time
- Sources of evidence:
- Agency policy
- Procedure manuals
- Quality improvement data
- Existing clinical practice guidelines
- Journal articles
- Critically appraising the evidence:
- Synthesize or combine the findings
- Consider the scientific rigor of the evidence and its application in practice
- Use a systematic approach
- Determine the value, feasibility, and usefulness of evidence
- Integrating the evidence:
- Apply the research in the plan of care for a patient
- Use evidence as rationale
- Education about the change must occur
- Large-scale change requires planning
- Pilot study can show if change can be implemented easily
- Incorporate into policies and procedures
The Scientific Method
- Steps:
- Make an observation
- Ask questions and gather information
- Analyze the literature and form a research question or hypothesis
- Conduct a study using scientific rigor
- Analyze the data and draw conclusions
- Types of research studies:
- Quantitative research:
- Experimental research
- Nonexperimental research
- Surveys
- Qualitative research:
- Inductive reasoning
- Quantitative research:
Nursing Research
- Definition: A way to identify new knowledge, improve professional education and practice, and use resources effectively.
- Types of research:
- Translation research phases
- Preclinical and animal studies—basic science research
- Phase 1 clinical trials—testing safety and efficacy in a small group of human subjects
- Phase 2 and 3 clinical trials—testing safety and efficacy in a larger group of human subjects and testing for comparison to standard treatment
- Phase 4 clinical trials and outcomes research—translation to practice
- Phase 5 population-level outcomes research—translation to community
- Translation research phases
- Outcomes research:
- Helps patients, healthcare providers, and those in healthcare policy make informed decisions based on current evidence.
- Typically focuses on the benefits, risks, costs, and holistic effects of a treatment on patients.
- Outcomes must be observable or measurable.
Test your understanding of evidence-based practice in healthcare, including asking clinical questions in PICOT format and searching for the best evidence from various sources.
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