European Settlement in New France
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Questions and Answers

What prompted the change in the ways of life for the indigenous peoples of North America?

The arrival of European explorers and colonists in the early 1400s.

What were the main reasons Europeans traveled to the East (China, Japan, and India)?

  • To escape religious persecution and find freedom.
  • To find better economic opportunities and avoid poverty.
  • To establish colonies and claim new territories.
  • To find new routes and access luxury goods like silk, tea, spices, and jewels. (correct)

What did European explorers initially believe they had discovered when they reached North America?

  • The fabled land of El Dorado.
  • A new continent.
  • A new route to the Indies. (correct)
  • A land of plenty and opportunity.

What valuable resource was found in abundance in North America that attracted European interest?

<p>Fur.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a colony?

<p>A self-governing community established by another country. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the name of the colony established in 1635 in what is now Quebec?

<p>Quebec.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did the French monarchy grant to merchants who transported colonists to New France?

<p>A monopoly over trade in New France. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following reasons motivated people to move to New France?

<p>To find better economic opportunities. (A), To find a new home and start a family. (C), To own land and build a better life. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role did the Catholic Church play in the colonization of New France?

<p>They were involved in converting indigenous peoples to Christianity. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What specific group of women were brought to New France by the King in the 1660s?

<p>Orphan girls.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What were the 'Filles du Roi'?

<p>Orphan girls sent by the King to New France. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the key factors that influence people's decisions about moving to a new place?

<p>All of the above. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What kind of factors might drive people away from a particular location?

<p>Factors of repulsion.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What kind of factors might attract people to a new location?

<p>Factors of attraction</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where did the majority of African colonists in Canada arrive from?

<p>The United States. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why were African Americans willing to risk their lives to flee slavery?

<p>They were seeking a better life, freedom, and a chance to escape oppression.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Canada was considered a ‘promised land’ for African American slaves who escaped the United States

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What legislation passed in 1793 aimed to bring some relief to enslaved people in Upper Canada?

<p>The Act Abolishing Slavery.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did the Act Abolishing Slavery in 1793 do?

<p>It granted freedom to slaves older than 25 years of age. (B), It made slavery illegal in Upper Canada. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What event occurred in 1834 that brought further freedom to enslaved people?

<p>The Emancipation Day</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Emancipation Day in 1834 immediately freed all slaves in Upper Canada.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following factors with whether they are considered a factor of repulsion or a factor of attraction.

<p>Lack of freedom = Factor of repulsion Promise of education = Factor of attraction Constant beatings = Factor of repulsion Hope of finding family = Factor of attraction Fear of being caught and returned to slavery = Factor of repulsion Promise of a better life = Factor of attraction</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the Underground Railroad?

<p>A secret network of safe houses and people who helped slaves escape to freedom. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why did some escaped slaves choose to settle further inland in Canada?

<p>To escape from possible capture by slavecatchers and to feel safer in their new home.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the name of the community founded by Reverend William King in Upper Canada where African-Canadian settlers could find a new life?

<p>Buxton.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did the citizens of Buxton establish to help themselves and their community?

<p>An educational system and businesses</p> Signup and view all the answers

The community of Buxton eventually declined in population due to the abolition of slavery in the United States.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

European motivations for migrating to New France

Europeans were drawn to New France by the desire for new trade routes to Asia (China, Japan, India) for luxury goods, and by the search for new fur resources.

New France colonies

Small settlements in North America, controlled by European governments (mostly France, England and Spain), established to increase power and wealth.

Fur trade role in colonization

The fur trade attracted Europeans to North America due to the high demand in Europe for fur for clothing.

Fur trade incentives

The fur trade offered opportunities for wealth and land ownership, which motivated some Europeans to migrate to New France as trappers or traders.

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French crown's role in colonization

The French crown granted trading monopolies to merchants who brought colonists to New France, encouraging settlement.

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Push factors

Aspects of a location that drive people to move away from it.

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Pull factors

Aspects of a location that attract people to it.

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Colonial life motives and expectations

Some Europeans migrated to New France seeking cheaper living conditions or land ownership and homes.

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Filles du Roi

Young, orphaned women sent to New France by the King of France to marry colonists and bolster the population.

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Early African immigrants to Canada

Approximately 60,000 African immigrants who arrived in the early days of Canada, largely escaping slavery from the US.

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Study Notes

European Settlement in New France

  • Europeans sought new trade routes to Asia (China, Japan, India) for luxury goods.
  • Explorers mistakenly believed North America was Asia, calling the natives "Indians."
  • Explorers later realized it was a new continent, particularly interested in fur for European markets.
  • European governments (England, France, Spain) established colonies in North America for power.
  • France sent explorers like Cartier and Champlain to establish colonies, notably Quebec by 1635.
  • The French crown granted a monopoly on trade to merchants bringing colonists to New France.
  • Colonists sought land, fur trade involvement, or marriage.
  • Orphaned girls ("Filles du Roi") were sent to New France to encourage marriages and population growth.
  • Religious figures aimed to convert indigenous populations.

Early Black Communities

  • Around 60,000 escaped African slaves arrived in Canada seeking freedom.
  • These individuals faced high risks of re-capture and punishment upon return to the US.
  • Factors drawing them to Canada outweighed negative aspects like lack of freedom and violence.
  • Upper Canada (Ontario) had anti-slavery laws.
  • The 1793 Act and 1834 Emancipation Acts in Upper Canada outlawed slavery for individuals older than 25 and freed existing slaves.
  • However, apprenticeships and limitations were placed on the recently freed.
  • Factors motivating Africans to settle in Canada were the hope of freedom and better living conditions. Escape from potential persecution or violence were driving factors.
  • Negative factors included the risks of re-capture and their continued struggle for equality.
  • Black communities later formed in the region, particularly around Buxton (Ontario).

Buxton: A Black Community

  • Reverend William King led a group of escaped slaves in settling Buxton.
  • Initial community size was 2000 people.
  • Settlement focused on education and trade of locally sourced resources.
  • Developed mills, brickyards, and built homes and farms.
  • A significant early school that included interracial learners was established.
  • Later population decline occurred largely due to the abolition of slavery in the U.S. and growth of larger settlements

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Explore the early European exploration and settlement in New France, focusing on the motivations for colonization, the role of explorers like Cartier and Champlain, and the establishment of communities. Learn about the impact on indigenous populations and the arrival of escaped African slaves seeking freedom.

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