European Exploration and Reformation Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What was the main consequence of the Reformation in Western Europe?

  • The end of religious conflicts across Europe
  • A sharp division among Christians (correct)
  • The rise of secularism in society
  • The establishment of a single church in Europe

Which religious conflict influenced English exploration in North America?

  • Catholic Spain collaborating with Protestant England
  • Protestant England competing with Catholic Spain (correct)
  • Protestant England competing with Islamic empires
  • Catholic France competing with wealthy merchants

What did Giovanni Caboto fail to achieve during his exploration?

  • Locating a northwest passage (correct)
  • Establishing a colony in Asia
  • Mapping the St. Lawrence River
  • Finding the Americas

Who was sent by the French to explore a northwest passage?

<p>Giovanni da Verrazano (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a significant outcome of early European explorers mapping North America?

<p>Rulers began to consider colonization for profit (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What year did Samuel de Champlain found the first permanent French settlement in North America?

<p>1605 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of trading did the French focus on during their colonization?

<p>Fur trading (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the name of the settlement established by Dutch settlers on Manhattan Island?

<p>New Amsterdam (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who led the Dutch settlers to the mouth of the Hudson River in 1626?

<p>Peter Minuit (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a key reason for the French establishing friendly relations with American Indian groups?

<p>To trade and coexist peacefully (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which river did Father Jacques Marquette and Louis Joliet explore in 1673?

<p>Mississippi River (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What entity funded the establishment of New Netherland?

<p>Dutch West India Company (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the main economic activity that drew many colonists to New Netherland?

<p>Fur trading (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary reason for establishing the Roanoke Colony?

<p>To search for gold (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What significant event occurred when John White returned to Roanoke in 1590?

<p>The word 'Croatoan' was found carved on a tree (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was one major challenge faced by the Jamestown settlers?

<p>Internal conflicts within the ruling council (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What main cash crop contributed to the economic improvement of Jamestown?

<p>Tobacco (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How was the governance of the Jamestown colony initially structured?

<p>Like a military outpost governed by the Virginia Company (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the purpose of the House of Burgesses established in 1619?

<p>To attract more settlers and allow representation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why did the Virginia Company send a new governor in 1619?

<p>To consult settlers and improve governance (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect was NOT a challenge faced by the Roanoke settlers?

<p>Isolation from other colonies (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What event marked the beginning of representative government in the English colonies?

<p>The introduction of the Magna Carta (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who had voting rights in the Virginia colony before restrictions were implemented in 1670?

<p>All free Virginians (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of the population of the colonies was Black by 1770?

<p>21% (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the main purpose for bringing women to Jamestown in 1619?

<p>To increase the birth rate (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What led to Bacon's Rebellion in 1676?

<p>Conflicts over land with American Indians (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happened as a result of Bacon's Rebellion ending?

<p>The implementation of lifelong slavery for Africans (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which group was NOT present in significant numbers in Virginia by 1644?

<p>Asian immigrants (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the fate of Anne Burras in Jamestown?

<p>She was among the first women in the colony (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Protestant Reformation

A religious movement in the 1500s that divided Christians in Europe between Catholics and Protestants. Key figure Martin Luther.

Northwest Passage

A sought-after sea route through or around North America to Asia, desired by European explorers.

French Exploration

French voyages of exploration to North America, including expeditions by Verrazano and Cartier, seeking the Northwest Passage and resources.

European Rivalries (Exploration)

Competition and conflicts between European nations (England, France, Spain) for colonies, resources, and trade routes in the Americas. Religion fueled the competition.

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Colonization

Establishing settlements and controlling land in a new region by a particular country.

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New France

A French colony in North America, primarily focused on fur trade and relations with American Indians.

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Quebec

A pivotal French trading post, established by Champlain in 1608, located on the St. Lawrence River.

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Coureurs de bois

French fur traders who lived and worked among American Indian communities.

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Fur trade

The exchange of furs (primarily beaver) between French colonists and American Indian groups.

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New Netherland

A Dutch colony centered around the Hudson River, later becoming part of New York.

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New Amsterdam

The main settlement within New Netherland, located on Manhattan Island.

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Dutch West India Company

The company that funded and managed the colonization of New Netherland by the Dutch.

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Manhattan Island

Island where New Amsterdam, and later New York City, was built, bought by the Dutch from local Native Americans.

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Roanoke Colony

The first English attempt at a permanent colony in North America, established in 1585, ultimately failing and mysteriously disappearing.

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Jamestown Settlement

The first permanent English settlement in North America, established in 1607 in present-day Virginia.

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Virginia Company

The English company that received a charter from King James I to establish and manage the Jamestown colony.

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Reasons for Colonization (England)

England sought wealth, a water route to Asia, and to challenge the Spanish empire

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Early Jamestown Challenges

Food shortages, internal conflict within the governing council, and difficulties with resource use hindered the early years of the Jamestown settlement.

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House of Burgesses

The first representative assembly in the colonies. Male settlers elected representatives to make laws.

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Tobacco's Impact

Tobacco cultivation became a major cash crop in Jamestown, strengthening the colony's economy and attracting more settlers.

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Initial Colonial Governance Issues

Early Jamestown governance, with a military-style approach, lacked settler input and resulted in hardship.

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Colonial Voting Rights

Initially, free Virginians had more voting rights than in England, but by 1670 voting was restricted to free, white, male property owners.

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17th Century Colony Population

By 1700, the population was 89% White and 11% Black; this shifted by 1770 to 78% White and 21% Black.

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Women in Early Jamestown

Women arrived in Jamestown starting in 1608, with a notable increase in 1619. Their lives were challenging; they faced many responsibilities and struggled with high mortality.

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Africans in Early Jamestown

Enslaved Africans began arriving in Virginia in the early years. By 1644, about 300 lived there, and some even achieved freedom & land ownership.

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Bacon's Rebellion Trigger

Conflicts over land led to fighting by settlers desiring land on Indian lands, but Governor Berkeley did not respond because of his own economic gains.

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Bacon's Rebellion Outcomes

Bacon's Rebellion, led by Nathaniel Bacon, led to raiding American Indian villages and burning Jamestown, ending with Bacon's death. This rebellion influenced laws defining people of African descent and establishing lifelong slavery.

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Magna Carta Influence

The Magna Carta, established in 1215 in England, required the king to consult a council before taxing. It laid a foundation for the idea of political rights.

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Parliament's Development

The Great Council evolved into Parliament, which divided into the House of Lords and the House of Commons, further expanding representation and political power.

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