Imperialism - Africa

European powers sought natural resources and expanded their empires.

Belgium claimed ownership of the Congo region.

The belief that Europeans had a duty to improve colonized people.

A British missionary and explorer in Africa.

The conference divided Africa among European powers.

Ethiopia successfully resisted European colonization.

Conflict between Britain and Dutch settlers in South Africa.

A British imperialist and businessman in Africa.

A Fulani scholar and Islamic preacher who led a jihad in northern Nigeria in the early 19th century, establishing the Sokoto Caliphate.

The emperor of Ethiopia who successfully resisted Italian colonization in the late 19th century.

The Zulu king who unified various clans and established a powerful military force in the early 19th century, creating a large Zulu kingdom in southern Africa.

The leader of the Mandinka people who resisted French colonization in West Africa for over 16 years, known for his guerrilla warfare tactics.

King Leopold II used forced labor, brutality, and violence to extract rubber and other resources from the Congo, leading to widespread suffering and death among the Congolese people.

European powers generally viewed Africans with a paternalistic and racist attitude, believing themselves superior and justified in colonizing the continent.

European powers divided Africa into colonies during the Berlin Conference, creating artificial borders that disregarded ethnic and cultural boundaries, leading to conflict and instability.

Henry Stanley was an American explorer who gained fame for finding the missing British missionary, David Livingstone, in Africa. His explorations contributed to European claims in Africa.

The invention of the Maxim gun, a powerful machine gun, gave Europeans a significant military advantage over African forces, making it easier for them to conquer and maintain their empires.

European powers were primarily motivated by the desire to find new markets for their goods, raw materials for their industries, and to expand their economic empires.