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What was the primary motivation behind European governments settling their excess population in Africa?
What was the primary motivation behind European governments settling their excess population in Africa?
To take advantage of Africa due to good and high living standards in Europe
What was the role of mission societies in the spread of Christianity in Africa?
What was the role of mission societies in the spread of Christianity in Africa?
To set up mission centres and convert Africans to Christianity
What was the humanitarian reason behind European nations' interest in Africa's health sector?
What was the humanitarian reason behind European nations' interest in Africa's health sector?
To assist Africans in curing diseases and pass on advanced medical knowledge
What was the political reason behind France and British seeking colonies in Africa?
What was the political reason behind France and British seeking colonies in Africa?
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What was the economic reason behind Europe's need for raw materials from Africa?
What was the economic reason behind Europe's need for raw materials from Africa?
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What was the strategic reason behind the colonial powers' well-organised schemes in Africa?
What was the strategic reason behind the colonial powers' well-organised schemes in Africa?
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What was the role of Christianity in the European colonial project in Africa?
What was the role of Christianity in the European colonial project in Africa?
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What was the primary motivation behind European businessmen investing their capital in Africa?
What was the primary motivation behind European businessmen investing their capital in Africa?
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What was the ultimate goal of the European colonial project in Africa?
What was the ultimate goal of the European colonial project in Africa?
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What is the relationship between altitude and temperature?
What is the relationship between altitude and temperature?
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What is the difference in rainfall between the windward and leeward sides of a mountain?
What is the difference in rainfall between the windward and leeward sides of a mountain?
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How does climate influence pastoralism in South Sudan?
How does climate influence pastoralism in South Sudan?
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What is the effect of climate change on crop production?
What is the effect of climate change on crop production?
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What are some human activities that contribute to climate change?
What are some human activities that contribute to climate change?
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What are some strategies to reduce the rate of climate change?
What are some strategies to reduce the rate of climate change?
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How does climate change affect human activities in general?
How does climate change affect human activities in general?
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What is the significance of understanding the causes of climate change?
What is the significance of understanding the causes of climate change?
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What is the relationship between climate and human activities?
What is the relationship between climate and human activities?
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What type of climate is experienced in areas around the Mediterranean Sea in North Africa?
What type of climate is experienced in areas around the Mediterranean Sea in North Africa?
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Which countries experience Savanna type of climate?
Which countries experience Savanna type of climate?
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What is the characteristic of the dry season in Savanna climate?
What is the characteristic of the dry season in Savanna climate?
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What is the range of temperature in Desert climate?
What is the range of temperature in Desert climate?
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What is the region called that is found between Savanna climatic region and the desert?
What is the region called that is found between Savanna climatic region and the desert?
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What type of climate is experienced in areas with high mountains?
What type of climate is experienced in areas with high mountains?
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What is the characteristic of the rainfall in Mediterranean climate?
What is the characteristic of the rainfall in Mediterranean climate?
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What is the range of rainfall in Savanna climate?
What is the range of rainfall in Savanna climate?
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What is the characteristic of the sky in Desert climate?
What is the characteristic of the sky in Desert climate?
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What has agriculture contributed to in terms of social amenities?
What has agriculture contributed to in terms of social amenities?
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What is one of the effects of agriculture on urban centres?
What is one of the effects of agriculture on urban centres?
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How does agriculture contribute to food security?
How does agriculture contribute to food security?
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What is one of the benefits of farming activities?
What is one of the benefits of farming activities?
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Why is it necessary to use appropriate farming methods?
Why is it necessary to use appropriate farming methods?
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What is one of the differences between traditional and modern farming methods?
What is one of the differences between traditional and modern farming methods?
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What is one of the effects of farming on the environment?
What is one of the effects of farming on the environment?
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What is the importance of comparing farming methods between different countries?
What is the importance of comparing farming methods between different countries?
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What is one of the positive effects of farming on the community?
What is one of the positive effects of farming on the community?
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What historical event did South Sudan celebrate on July 9, 2011?
What historical event did South Sudan celebrate on July 9, 2011?
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What does the eagle on the coat of arms of South Sudan represent?
What does the eagle on the coat of arms of South Sudan represent?
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How does the use of a national language promote national unity?
How does the use of a national language promote national unity?
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What role do national political parties play in promoting national unity?
What role do national political parties play in promoting national unity?
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How do intermarriages contribute to national unity?
How do intermarriages contribute to national unity?
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What is the name of the official language of South Sudan?
What is the name of the official language of South Sudan?
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What is the significance of the shield on the coat of arms of South Sudan?
What is the significance of the shield on the coat of arms of South Sudan?
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What is the purpose of national unity in South Sudan?
What is the purpose of national unity in South Sudan?
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What is the significance of the crossed spears on the coat of arms of South Sudan?
What is the significance of the crossed spears on the coat of arms of South Sudan?
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Study Notes
European Colonization of Africa
- European governments took advantage of Africa to settle their excess population, citing good and high living standards in Europe.
- Europeans aimed to spread Christianity in Africa, establishing mission centers to convert Africans to Christianity.
- They also sought to provide humanitarian assistance, sharing their advanced health sector and medical inventions with Africa.
- Political reasons included compensation for loss, acquiring status and recognition, and showing their power and prestige.
- Economic reasons included the need for raw materials, markets for their manufactured goods, and a place to invest their capital.
Climatic Zones in Africa
- Savanna climate:
- Experienced in countries north and south of the equator, bordering the Equatorial climate.
- Examples of countries with a Savanna climate include Ghana, Northern Nigeria, and others.
- Characteristics: two seasons (hot and cold), rain in hot seasons, rainfall ranges from 750 mm to 1,500 mm, temperature ranges from 15°C to 28°C.
- Mediterranean climate:
- Experienced in areas around the Mediterranean Sea in North Africa.
- Covers Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, and the Cape province in South Africa.
- Characteristics: dry winds, cold, wet winters and dry summers, temperature ranges from 10°C to 25°C, rain brought by westerly winds.
- Desert climate:
- Experienced in countries with the Sahara, Namib, or Kalahari deserts.
- Examples of countries with a Desert climate include Egypt, Namibia, Botswana, Mali, Libya, and Algeria.
- Characteristics: hot and dry throughout the year, clear sky, rainfall below 250 mm, temperature ranges from 0°C to 50°C, high diurnal range of temperature, hot days and cold nights.
- Semi-Desert climate:
- Region between Savanna climatic region and the desert.
- Examples of countries with a Semi-Desert climate include Botswana, Mali, Tunisia, and Algeria.
- Characteristics: hot and dry all year round, few cold nights, rainfall ranges from 0 to 350 mm, temperature ranges from 25°C to 50°C.
- Mountain climate (Alpine climate):
- Experienced in areas with high mountains.
- Characteristics: low temperatures (sometimes below 0°C at the peak), heavy rainfall on windward side, temperatures decrease with an increase in altitude.
Effects of Climate Change
- Climate change influences human activities, such as pastoralism, crop production, and social amenities.
- Pastoralists are affected by climate change and move to adjust to changing climatic conditions, practicing transhumance.
- Climate change affects crop production, leading to the establishment of greenhouses during winter seasons.
Farming Systems
- Farming systems generate income and conserve the environment.
- Traditional farming methods, such as shifting cultivation, are less beneficial compared to modern methods like agro-forestry.
- Farming methods vary between countries, with some using rain-fed or irrigation systems, and being highly mechanized or labor-intensive.
National Unity in South Sudan
- Factors that promote national unity include:
- Use of the national language (English) to promote communication and understanding.
- National political parties focusing on the nation as a whole.
- Intermarriages between people of different ethnic groups and races, promoting unity between communities.
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Description
Learn about the motivations and effects of European colonization of Africa, including the spread of Christianity and settlement of excess population.