European Arrival in the Americas and Encomienda System

The exchange of goods, ideas, and people between Europe and the Americas.

A Spanish labor system that granted land and Native American slaves to colonizers.

Cultures that emerged from the blending of European and Indigenous practices in the Americas.

The establishment of Spanish control over large parts of the Americas.

A powerful Mesoamerican civilization that existed from 1428 to 1521.

An ancient civilization in Mesoamerica known for its architecture and calendar system.

The practice of using coercion, often enslaving others for work.

A significant reduction in the number of people, particularly among Indigenous populations.

The monarchy of Spain that controlled the colonies and their labor systems.

Religious and cultural beliefs imposed by Spanish and Portuguese colonizers.

The process by which encomenderos gathered labor, gold, or goods from Native Americans.

Spanish explorers and soldiers who conquered vast territories in the Americas.

A region in Mexico notable for its silver mines during Spanish colonization.

A landholding system where landowners kept peasants in debt, similar to feudalism.

Illnesses brought by Europeans that devastated Indigenous populations in the Americas.

A term referring to the Americas during the time of European exploration.

The status and rights of Indigenous peoples within colonial frameworks.

Legal officials in the Spanish Empire who regulated tax collection from Native Americans.

The export of precious metals from the Americas to Europe, boosting Spanish wealth.

The efforts to change Indigenous beliefs to Catholic Christianity.

The customs and traditions of Native American peoples before European contact.

The act of traveling through unknown territories for discovery and colonization.

The fusion of different cultural elements due to colonization and exchange.

Communities formed under colonial rule, influenced by European customs.

Large estates in colonial Latin America that were central to the hacienda system.

The enforcement of European economic systems on Indigenous populations.

Artworks that can be freely used by anyone, often because copyright has expired.

Art from a period marked by exploration and colonization, particularly by the Spanish.