Podcast
Questions and Answers
What was the system called that resulted from the arrival of Europeans in the New World?
What was the system called that resulted from the arrival of Europeans in the New World?
The Columbian Exchange
What were the Spanish conquistadores granted by the Spanish crown?
What were the Spanish conquistadores granted by the Spanish crown?
Encomiendas
What did Spanish officials demand that landowners provide to their Native American laborers?
What did Spanish officials demand that landowners provide to their Native American laborers?
Landowners were demanded to provide conversion to Catholicism.
What was the system called that the Spanish officials promoted?
What was the system called that the Spanish officials promoted?
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What style of feudalism is the hacienda system assembled from?
What style of feudalism is the hacienda system assembled from?
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What did the Spanish officials do to keep the peasants indebted?
What did the Spanish officials do to keep the peasants indebted?
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Study Notes
European Arrival in the Americas
- European arrival in the Americas led to massive population declines among indigenous peoples due to the exchange of crops, commodities, and diseases
- European imposition of economics and values on indigenous populations
- Enslaved Africans were also brought
- Spain created colonial societies on the ruins of the Aztec and Maya Empires
Encomienda System
- The arrival of Europeans in the New World led to the Columbian Exchange
- Beginning in the 16th century, Spanish conquistadors expanded into the Caribbean, Mexico, and Peru.
- Spanish officials incorporated these areas into the Spanish Empire.
- Spanish soldiers, priests, and administrators imposed Iberian Catholic economic institutions, habits, and values on indigenous people
- Native Americans' status was legally defined to allow for taxation by the Spanish crown.
- Spanish officials were granted land and Native American slaves (encomiendas)
- The recipients of encomiendas collected tribute in the form of gold, goods, labor
- Spanish officials expected military protection and conversion to Catholicism of Native American laborers
- Most encomenderos ignored their obligations, claiming the land without following through on obligations
- The encomienda system fostered early mining development in South America.
Hacienda System
- The encomienda system was deemed outdated in the 17th century
- Spanish officials transitioned to the hacienda system.
- The hacienda system is similar to European feudalism
- Landowners kept peasants in debt, preventing them from leaving the land
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Description
Explore the significant impacts of the European arrival in the Americas, including population declines among indigenous peoples and the establishment of the encomienda system. This quiz covers the economic and cultural impositions faced by native populations and the role of Spanish colonization in shaping the New World. Test your knowledge on this pivotal historical period!
