Eukaryotic Gene Transcription: Initiation to Elongation

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What is the event that occurs when CTD-S5 is phosphorylated during the transcription cycle?

Transcription termination

Productive elongation (correct)

Abortive initiation

Transcription initiation

What is the purpose of the three enzymatic steps involved in mRNA capping?

Removal of poly(A) tail, addition of 5' cap, and methylation of Cytosine

Removal of phosphate, addition of GTP, and methylation of Guanosine (correct)

Removal of phosphate, addition of GTP, and methylation of Adenosine

Removal of introns, addition of exons, and methylation of Guanosine

What are the two types of regions present in a mature, spliced mRNA?

Intronic and exonic regions

Exonic and intronic regions

Coding and non-coding regions

5' and 3' untranslated regions (correct)

What is the function of splicing in mRNA processing?

Removal of non-coding intronic sequences Signup and view all the answers

What is the conserved sequence motif in mammalian poly(A) signals?

UGUA AAUAAA Signup and view all the answers

What is the stage of transcription that immediately precedes promoter recognition?

Initiation Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of Mischo Elongation factors in transcription?

To facilitate passage through nucleosomes and prevent premature termination of stalled polymerases Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the 5' untranslated region (5' UTR) in mRNA?

It contains regulatory elements that influence translation Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of splicing in eukaryotic mRNA processing?

To remove introns and join exons Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the CAP (cap-binding protein) in mRNA processing?

To recognize and bind to the 5' end of the mRNA Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the promoter region in transcription?

To initiate transcription by binding to RNA polymerase Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of mRNA capping?

To add a cap to the 5' end of the mRNA to protect it from degradation Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the C-terminal domain (CTD) of RNA polymerase II?

To act as a landing pad for RNA processing factors Signup and view all the answers

What event overcomes abortive initiation during transcription?

Phosphorylation of S5P by CDK7 Signup and view all the answers

What occurs during the elongation phase of transcription?

Co-transcriptional RNA processing Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the promoter region in transcription?

To recruit RNA polymerase II for transcription initiation Signup and view all the answers

What is the rate of transcription elongation?

25-45 bp/sec Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the 5' untranslated region (UTR) of an mRNA?

To bind ribosomes for translation initiation Signup and view all the answers