36 Questions
Which RNA polymerase synthesizes precursor of mature rRNA in eukaryotes?
RNA Pol I
Which histone modification decreases histone interaction with DNA in eukaryotes?
Acetylation
Which transcription factor recognizes and binds the TATA-box in eukaryotes?
TFIID
Which consensus sequence within 200 nt of the core promoter is considered a proximal regulatory element in eukaryotes?
CAAT box
Which of the following is true about promoter regions in DNA?
Promoter regions affect the rate of transcription initiation.
What is the function of enhancers in transcription initiation?
Enhancers affect the rate of transcription initiation.
What is the difference between exons and introns in eukaryotic genes?
Exons are removed during splicing, while introns are transcribed into mRNA.
Which enzyme is responsible for transcribing RNA in prokaryotes?
RNA polymerase I
Which of the following is a major difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic mRNAs?
Prokaryotic mRNAs have introns, while eukaryotic mRNAs do not.
What is the role of transcription factors in eukaryotes?
Transcription factors regulate the rate of transcription.
Which enzyme synthesizes tRNA, 5S rRNA, and some snRNA and snoRNA in eukaryotes?
RNA polymerase III
What is the role of enhancers in eukaryotes?
Enhancer sequence bends or loops DNA for STF to interact with other TF bound to promoter and RNA pol II to stimulate transcription
Which of the following is responsible for adding a 5'-cap to pre-mRNA in eukaryotes?
S-Adenosylmethionine
What is the function of small nuclear ribonucleoprotein particles (snRNPs) in eukaryotic mRNA splicing?
snRNPs facilitate removal of introns by forming base pairs with consensus sequences at each end of the intron
Which type of RNA is responsible for forming peptide bonds in protein synthesis?
rRNA
What is the function of the sigma factor in prokaryotic transcription?
Recognizes the promoter region
Which termination signal in prokaryotic transcription involves the formation of a GC-rich hairpin loop structure?
Rho-independent termination
What is the role of the rho protein in rho-dependent termination in prokaryotic transcription?
Separates the RNA-DNA hybrid helix
Which type of RNA is responsible for carrying the genetic information from DNA to the ribosomes in protein synthesis?
mRNA
Which enzyme is responsible for transcribing DNA into RNA during prokaryotic transcription?
RNA polymerase
What is the function of small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) in gene regulation?
Inhibit gene expression
Which of the following is true about promoter-proximal elements and enhancers in transcription initiation?
Promoter-proximal elements and enhancers are specific sequences in DNA that determine where on the DNA template RNA polymerase binds to initiate transcription.
What is the function of exons in eukaryotic genes?
Exons specify the coding region of proteins.
What is the role of introns in eukaryotic genes?
Introns have no coding function.
Which of the following is true about transfer RNA (tRNA)?
tRNA contains a single-strand of ribonucleotides
Which of the following is true about messenger RNA (mRNA)?
mRNA carries genetic information from DNA to the site of protein synthesis
Which of the following is true about prokaryotic gene transcription?
Only one strand of DNA serves as the template for transcription
Which of the following is true about transcription termination in prokaryotes?
Rho-independent termination involves the formation of a GC-rich hairpin loop structure
Which RNA polymerase is responsible for synthesizing nuclear precursors of mRNA in eukaryotes?
RNA Pol II
Which histone modification promotes interaction between histone and DNA in eukaryotes?
Acetylation
Which general transcription factor recruits RNA Pol II to the promoter in eukaryotes?
TFIIF
Which consensus sequence located +1 of the transcription start site (TSS) in eukaryotes is known as the initiator?
Inr
Which of the following is true about the posttranscriptional modifications of rRNA in eukaryotes?
rRNA is generated from a single pre-rRNA transcript
Which of the following is true about the posttranscriptional modifications of tRNA in eukaryotes?
tRNA is generated from a long pre-tRNA transcript
Which of the following is true about the posttranscriptional modifications of eukaryotic mRNA?
Pre-mRNA undergoes extensive modifications
Which of the following is true about the addition of a 5'-cap to eukaryotic mRNA?
The 5'-cap stabilizes mRNA for initiation of translation
Test your knowledge on eukaryotic gene transcription and the role of nuclear RNA pols. Explore the complexities of transcription in eukaryotes, including compartmentalization, different types of RNA pols for synthesizing rRNA, tRNA, and mRNA, the importance of transcription factors, and the unique promoter regions and chromatin involved in gene transcription.
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