31 Questions
What is the function of ions in cellular mechanisms?
To transmit electrochemical impulses in nerve and muscle cells
What is the main component of most cells?
Water
What is the function of proteins in cells?
To mediate physiological changes
What is the main function of carbohydrates in cells?
To be used as an energy source
What is unique about the composition of fat cells (adipocytes)?
They have a high lipid composition
Where can chemical reactions involving water take place within a cell?
Both c and d
What is the primary function of cholesterol in the cell membrane?
Regulating membrane fluidity and permeability
What type of protein is typically responsible for transporting molecules across the cell membrane?
Integral proteins
Which lipids are found in high quantities within the cell membrane?
Phospholipids
What is the primary function of peripheral proteins in the cell membrane?
Controlling enzymatic activities
Which of the following is a primary function of the cell membrane?
Organizing biochemical reactions
What is the primary function of cholesterol in the cell membrane?
To enhance the barrier properties of the lipid bilayer
What is the main difference in ion distribution between the ICF and ECF?
ICF has more potassium and ECF has more sodium
Which organelle is described as being "a netlike labyrinth of branching tubules and flattened sacs that extends throughout the cytosol"?
Endoplasmic Reticulum
Adipocytes are composed of triglycerides. What is the function of adipocytes?
To store lipids
What is the term for the voltage difference caused by the uneven distribution of ions on opposite sides of the cell membrane?
Membrane potential
What is the characteristic of lipids that allows them to play a key role in the cell’s membrane-bound organelles?
They are non-polar molecules
Which organelle is responsible for breaking down hydrogen peroxide?
Peroxisomes
What is the role of phospholipids in the cell membrane?
To form the lipid bilayer
Which organelle is involved in the process of bile acid synthesis?
Peroxisomes
What is the primary mechanism by which mitochondria generate energy for the cell?
Oxidative phosphorylation
What is the difference between the cytosol and cytoplasm?
Cytosol is the fluid composition, while cytoplasm is the space between the cell membrane and nucleus
What is the primary function of lysosomes in cellular activity?
Intracellular digestion
What is the primary function of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum?
Lipid synthesis
What type of cytoskeleton is actin?
Microfilament
What is the function of the rough endoplasmic reticulum?
Protein synthesis
Which organelle is described as being a "collection of flattened, membrane-enclosed compartments called cisternae"?
Golgi Apparatus
What is the function of the membrane potential?
All of the above
What is the function of the ER in terms of intracellular calcium storage?
It stores calcium ions to be used in signaling pathways
What is the relationship between the ER and the Golgi apparatus?
Vesicles from the ER fuse with the Golgi apparatus
What is the primary function of the golgi apparatus in cellular activity?
Process and form lysosomes and secretory vesicles
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