Eukaryotic Cell Parts Flashcards

Questions and Answers

What is the nickname for the Nucleus?

Control Center (correct)

Sugar Factory

Powerhouse

Gatekeeper

What is the function of the Cell Membrane?

Regulates what enters and leaves the cell.

The Cell Wall is found only in animal cells.

False

What is the primary function of Chloroplasts?

Capture energy from sunlight and convert it into chemical energy. Signup and view all the answers

What is the nickname for Ribosomes?

Protein Factory Signup and view all the answers

What do Chromosomes contain?

Genes Signup and view all the answers

What does the Endoplasmic Reticulum (Rough) primarily transport?

Amino Acids (proteins) Signup and view all the answers

What does the Endoplasmic Reticulum (Smooth) transport?

Lipids (steroids) Signup and view all the answers

What is the nickname for Mitochondria?

Powerhouse Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of Vacuoles?

Stores water and nutrients for the cell. Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the Golgi Apparatus?

Packages complex molecules and sends them out of the membrane. Signup and view all the answers

What is Cytoplasm?

A jellylike fluid inside the cell. Signup and view all the answers

Centrioles are found only in plant cells.

False Signup and view all the answers

What is the nickname for Lysosomes?

Suicide Sack Signup and view all the answers

What does the Nucleolus produce?

Ribosomes Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the Nuclear Membrane?

Controls what goes in and out of the nucleus. Signup and view all the answers

What does a Peroxisome do?

Breaks down some toxins (poisons) in the cell. Signup and view all the answers

What is a Secretory Vesicle?

Small, membrane-bound sacs that transport chemicals. Signup and view all the answers

What is the Cytoskeleton?

Network of protein filaments that helps maintain cell shape. Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of Flagella?

Used for cell movement. Signup and view all the answers

What are Cilia?

Short, hair-like structures that move a cell. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Cell Components Overview

Nucleus: Contains DNA and RNA; governs cell growth and reproduction; known as the control center.
Cell Membrane: Thin, flexible barrier regulating substance entry and exit; referred to as the gatekeeper.
Cell Wall: Exclusive to plant cells; provides protection and structural support.

Organelles in Plant Cells

Chloroplasts: Organelles unique to plant cells; capture sunlight energy for photosynthesis; nicknamed sugar factories.
Vacuole: Serves as a storage for water and nutrients; significantly larger in plant cells.

Organelles in Protein Synthesis and Transport

Ribosomes: Responsible for protein synthesis; called the protein factory.
Endoplasmic Reticulum (Rough): Involved in the packaging and transport of amino acids (proteins); abbreviated as RER.
Endoplasmic Reticulum (Smooth): Focuses on packaging and transporting lipids (steroids); abbreviated as SER.
Golgi Apparatus: Packages complex molecules and transports them out of the cell membrane.

Energy Production and Cellular Function

Mitochondria: Utilize cellular respiration to break down glucose for energy production; termed the powerhouse of the cell.
Cytoplasm: Jellylike fluid housing organelles; facilitates chemical reactions within the cell.

Structural and Support Components

Cytoskeleton: A network of protein filaments aiding in cell shape maintenance and movement.
Centrioles: Present only in animal cells; assist in organizing cell division, located near the nucleus.

Storage and Breakdown Functions

Lysosome: Contains enzymes for breakdown of cellular materials; known as the suicide sack.
Peroxisome: Responsible for the breakdown of certain toxins and poisons within the cell.
Secretory Vesicle: Membrane-bound sacs transporting packaged chemicals from the Golgi apparatus to the cell exterior.

Genetic Material

Chromosomes: Threadlike structures composed of DNA, containing genetic information.
Nucleolus: Produces ribosomes; referred to as a little nucleus.
Nuclear Membrane: Regulates material entry and exit for the nucleus, surrounding it.

Cellular Movement Structures

Flagella: Whip-like structures aiding in cell movement; located on certain cells.
Cilia: Short, hair-like projections facilitating cell movement through surroundings; seen in some cell types.

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Description

Test your knowledge on the essential parts of eukaryotic cells with these flashcards. Each card includes a key term and its definition, helping you to memorize important concepts related to cell structure. Perfect for biology students and anyone interested in cellular biology.